Polymeric security window

• US 4,935,723 A
• Filed: 08/21/1989
• Issued: 06/19/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 08/21/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Vallance, Michael A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Swann, III, Glen R.
• Application Number:
  US07/396,401
• Time in Patent Office: 302 Days
• Field of Search: 340/550, 310/322, 367/191
• US Class Current: 340/550
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/04 by breaking of glass
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/126 for a housing, e.g. a box, a safe, or a room
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/1618 using ultrasonic detection means

Abstract

A security window is a laminated pair of polymeric window panels having waveguides sandwiched therebetween for transmission of ultrasonic compression waves. The waveguide transmission medium is glass fibers extending from edge to edge of the plastic panels and distributed in plastic strips which cover the entire window area. The index of refraction of the glass fibers is as identical as possible to that of the surrounding plastics, making the waveguides substantially invisible. A transducer initiates an ultrasonic compression wave which travels the length of the waveguide, and is detected by a transducer at the other end of the waveguide. The received signal amplitude diminishes when the waveguide is damaged and such change is used to trigger an external alarm system.

Claims

1. A security window system comprising:

a window panel;

a waveguide having first and second ends and extended length therebetween, said waveguide being joined to said window panel, said waveguide having a different acoustic impedance for compression waves than that of said window panel.

2. A security window system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said waveguide includes a plurality of glass fibers oriented in the lengthwise direction of said waveguide between said ends.

3. A security window system as claimed in claim 2, and further comprising means for introducing a compression wave into said first end of said waveguide, said compression wave being transmitted toward said second end;

means for detecting said compression wave arriving at said second end of said waveguide;

means for comparing a characteristic of said detected compression wave against a preselected standard of waveguide transmission performance, and for producing a signal indicative of deviation of said arriving wave from said standard.

4. A security window system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said means for introducing includes a transducer means at said first waveguide end for generating a compression wave in said waveguide in the lengthwise direction thereof, and means for controlling said transducer means in generating said compression wave.

5. A security window system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said transducer means is a piezoelectric element.

6. A security window system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said means for induction includes a shear transducer at said first waveguide end, said shear transducer being adapted for application of an intermittent transverse wave to said first end of said waveguide, said transverse wave inducing a compression wave which moves lengthwise in said waveguide, and means for driving said shear transducer to apply said transverse wave.

7. A security window system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said means for induction further includes a wave conductor connected between said shear transducer and said first waveguide end, said transducer, when excited, inducing said transverse wave in said conductor, said transverse wave travelling lengthwise in said wave conductor to said first waveguide end.

8. A security window system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said waveguide comprises said plurality of fibers contained in a rod formed of a plastic, said plurality of glass fibers and said plastic having one of the same and substantially the same index of refraction to light, and wherein said window panel is formed of plastic, said plastic of said rod and said plastic of said window panel having one of the same and substantially the same index of refraction to light.

9. A security window system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the connection of said waveguide to said window panel is the product of application of at least one of heat and pressure.

10. A security window system as claimed in claim 8, and further comprising a second window panel similar to said first-recited window panel, said second panel being joined to said waveguide and said first-recited panel, said waveguide being positioned between said panels.

11. A security window system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising means for introducing a compression wave into said first end of said waveguide, the second end of said waveguide being at least partially reflective of compression waves;

means at said first waveguide end for detecting reflections of said compression wave from said second end;

means for comparing a characteristic of said detected reflected compression wave against a preselected standard of waveguide transmission and reflection performance and for providing a signal indicative of deviation of said received reflected signal from said standard.

12. A security window system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said means for introducing includes a transducer means at said first waveguide end for generating a compression wave in said waveguide in said lengthwise direction thereof, and means for controlling said transducer in generating said compression wave.

13. A security window system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said transducer is a piezo electric element.

14. A security window system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said means for introducing includes a shear transducer means at said first waveguide end for applying an intermittent transverse wave to said first end of said waveguide, said transverse wave inducing a compression wave which moves lengthwise in said waveguide, and means for controlling said shear transducer in applying said transverse wave.

15. A security window system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said panels and said waveguide are substantially transparent.

16. A security window system as claimed in claim 1, and further comprising a second window panel similar to said first-recited window panel, said second panel being joined to said waveguide and to said first-recited window panel, said waveguide being positioned between said panels.

17. A security window system as claimed in claim 16, wherein the connections of said waveguide and panels are the products of application of at least one of heat and pressure.

18. A security window system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said panels and said waveguide are substantially transparent.

19. A security window system as claimed in claim 1, and further comprising means for introducing a compression wave to said first end of said waveguide said compression wave being transmitted toward said second end;

means for detecting said compression wave arriving at said second end of said waveguide;

means for comparing a characteristic of said detected compression wave against a preselected standard of waveguide transmission performance and for providing a signal indicative of deviation of said arriving wave from said standard.

20. A security window system as claimed in claim 1, and further comprising at least one additional waveguide, said waveguides being spaced apart.

21. A method for detecting penetration of a transparent window panel, comprising the steps:

(a) applying a waveguide to said panel in the region of prospective penetration, said waveguide being substantially indistinguishable visually from said panel and having a different acoustic impedance for compression waves than said panel, said waveguide having a first and a second end;

(b) inducing a compression wave in said waveguide at said first end, said compression wave being transmitted toward said second end;

(c) detecting said compression wave arriving at said second end of said waveguide;

(d) comparing a characteristic of said detected compression wave against a preselected standard of waveguide transmission performance; and

(e) producing a signal indicative of deviation of said arriving wave from said standard.

22. A method for detecting penetration of a transparent window panel, comprising the steps:

(a) applying a waveguide to said panel in the region of prospective penetration, said waveguide being substantially indistinguishable visually from said panel and having a different acoustic impedance for compression waves than said panel, said waveguide having a first and a second end;

(b) inducing a compression wave in said waveguide at said first end, said compression wave being transmitted toward said second end and at least in part being reflected therefrom;

(c) detecting said reflected compression wave arriving at said first end of said waveguide;

(d) comparing a characteristic of said detected compression wave against a preselected standard of waveguide transmission performance; and

(e) producing a signal indicative of deviation of said arriving wave from said standard.

23. In a security system for a panel having a layer which is transparent to visible light:

waveguide means which is transparent to visible light and is embedded in said panel so as to extend thereacross and is constructed so as to be substantially indistinguishable visually from the panel itself, said waveguide means having a different acoustic impedance for compression waves than said panel.