Cryogenic remote sensing physiograph

• US 4,940,058 A
• Filed: 06/10/1988
• Issued: 07/10/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 06/09/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Barry E. Taff, Kenneth P. Stoller
• Original Assignee: Barry E. Taff, Kenneth P. Stoller
• Inventors: Taff, Barry E., Stoller, Kenneth P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US07/205,085
• Time in Patent Office: 760 Days
• Field of Search: 128/653, 128/670, 128/671, 128/731, 128/733, 128/716, 128/696, 128/903, 324/77 R, 324/77 A, 324/77 B, 324/77 G, 324/, 343/893, 364/413.04-413.06
• US Class Current: 600/407
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/24 Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7257 using Fourier transforms
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/903 Radio telemetry

Abstract

Apparatus and method for remotely detecting super-low frequency (SLF) and extremely-low frequency (ELF) signals eminating from human subjects. The SLF/ELF signals are composed of various wavelengths and amplitudes which correspond to the subjects internal physiological processes. The apparatus includes: a supercooled multi-plate arrayed antenna for detecting the SLF/ELF signals; an analog signal conditioner unit adapted to filter out signals having a frequency of greater than 40 Hertz; and a digital signal processor unit adapted to perform Fast Fourier Transform and autocorrelation signal analyses for separating signal wavelengths and amplitudes which correspond to the internal physiological processes and represent EKG, EEG, EMG, EOG and respiration measurements.

Claims

1. Apparatus for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject by measuring the electromagnetic signals emanating from the body of said subject and separating said signals into EKG, EEG, EMG, EOG and respiration waveform representing said physiological processes, comprising:

(a) an arrayed antenna adapted to be located in a spaced remote relationship of up to about 12 feet from the body of a human subject, the arrayed antenna including three like supercooled super-conducting metallic antenna plates for detecting electromagnetic signals in the 0.3 to 40 Hertz frequency range emanating from the physiological processes of said subject, said the arrayed antenna having three like supercooled analog circuitry packages each interconnected to one of said metallic plates for outputting said electromagnetic signals;

(b) an analog signal conductor having an input stage coupled to the analog circuitry packages of the arrayed antenna and including means adapted to receive and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected electromagnetic signals and said signal conditioner having an output stage including a low-pass filter for filtering out signal frequencies of over 40 Hertz from said electromagnetic signals;

(c) an analog-to-digital converter coupled to the output stage of the analog signal conditioner to receive and convert the 0.3 to 40 Hertz electromagnetic signals to digital signals;

(d) a digital signal processor means coupled to the analog-to-digital converter to receive and separate said digital signals into component waveforms representing the internal physiological processes of said human subject, said digital signal processor means comprising a minicomputer including 4-port memory with serial in-time sequence overlapping memory windows and dedicated outboard Fast Fourier Transform and autocorrelator microprocessors coupled to said minicomputer with signal discriminating software for directing the separation of said digital signals by said minicomputer into component waveforms representing the physiological processes of said subject; and

(e) means coupled to said digital signal processor means for displaying and permanently recording said component waveforms.

2. Apparatus for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 1 wherein the metallic antenna plates of said arrayed antenna are niobium sheet elements and are arranged in equilateral triangular relationship with one another for spatial signal referencing.

3. Apparatus for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 1 wherein the metallic antenna plates of said arrayed antenna are encased in liquid helium and thereby supercooled to about 3.7°

Kelvin.

4. Apparatus for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 1 wherein the arrayed antenna, including said three like metallic antenna plates and said three like analog circuitry packages, is encased within an equilateral triangular outer enclosure with each of said antenna plates located at a corner of said outer enclosure and being individually encased in a sealed inner enclosure in a liquid helium environment, said inner enclosure for said antenna plates being spaced from said outer enclosure with the space between said outer enclosure and said inner enclosures being in communication with means to maintain said space under vacuum.

5. Apparatus for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 4 wherein the supercooled three like analog circuitry packages each include a field effect transistor, a preamplifier, a filer and a D.C. power supply, and each of said circuitry packages are contained in a Dewar in a liquid helium environment to maintain said circuitry packages at a temperature of about 77°

Kelvin with each Dewar containing a circuitry package located in close proximity to one of the inner enclosure encasing said metallic antenna plates within the equilateral triangular outer enclosure of said arrayed antenna.

6. A method for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject by measuring the electromagnetic signals emanating from the body of said subject and separating said signals into EKG, EEG, EMG, EOG and respiration waveforms representing said physiological processes, comprising:

(a) positioning a supercooled multi-plate arrayed antenna, including supercooled analog circuitry packages associated with the plates thereof, in a spaced remote relationship of up to about 12 feet from the body of a human subject for detecting electromagnetic signals in the 0.3 to 40 Hertz frequency range emanating from the physiological processes of said subject;

(b) passing the electromagnetic signals detected by said antenna from the output of said antenna to a noise reduction input stage of an analog signal conditioner for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected electromagnetic signals and thereafter through a low-pass filter output stage of the analog signal conditioner to filter out from the detected electromagnetic signals those signal frequencies over 40 Hertz;

(c) passing the 0.3 to 40 Hertz electromagnetic signals from the output stage of the analog signal conditioner through an analog-to-digital converter to convert the 0.3 to 40 Hertz electromagnetic signals to digital signals;

(d) passing the digital signals of the analog-to-digital converter through a digital signal processor for separating the digital signals into component waveforms representing the internal physiological processes of said subject and

(e) transmitting said component waveforms to means for display their and permanent recordation.

7. A method for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 6 wherein liquid helium is circulated over the plates of the supercooled multi-plate arrayed antenna to maintain said plates at a temperature of approximately 3.7°

Kelvin.

8. A method for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 6 wherein Fast Fourier Transform and autocorrelation signal analyses are performed by the digital signal processor for separating said digital signals into waveforms corresponding to the internal physiological processes of said subject.

9. A method for remotely monitoring the internal physiological processes of a human subject as claimed in claim 8 wherein the plates of said antenna are maintained at a temperature of about 3.7°

Kelvin and the analog circuitry packages of said antenna are maintained at a temperature of about 77°

Kelvin.