Driving apparatus

• US 4,943,956 A
• Filed: 04/19/1989
• Issued: 07/24/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Yamaha Corporation
• Original Assignee: Yamaha Corporation
• Inventors: Noro, Masao
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PIHULIC, DANIEL T
• Application Number:
  US07/340,553
• Time in Patent Office: 461 Days
• Field of Search: 367/137, 381/94, 381/96, 381/100, 381/111, 381/121, 381/98, 333/217
• US Class Current: 367/137
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/002 Damping circuit arrangements for transducers, e.g. motional feedback circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/04 for correcting frequency response

Abstract

A driving apparatus for electrically driving a vibrator constituting an acoustic apparatus, wherein the output impedance of the driving apparatus is negative at least one frequency associated with the output sound pressure of the acoustic apparatus among resonance frequencies when the acoustic apparatus is viewed from a terminal for driving the vibrator, and the ratio of the output impedance to the internal impedance inherent in the vibrator never becomes constant over all the acoustic reproduction range of the acoustic apparatus. Then, it is possible to eliminate mutual dependency between resonance systems having the resonance frequencies, design of the resonance systems become easy, and improved performance of sound radiation can be expected.

Claims

1. A driving apparatus for electrically driving a vibrator constituting an acoustic apparatus which reproduces signals in an audio range and has plural resonance frequencies at least one of which is associated with output sound pressure, the driving apparatus comprising:

a drive circuit having an output terminal for providing a drive signal to the vibrator, the drive circuit having an output impedance which is negative at at least one resonance frequency associated with the output sound pressure of said acoustic apparatus, the output impedance of the drive circuit having different values at different frequencies such that the ratio of the output impedance to an internal impedance inherent in said vibrator is not constant over the full reproduction range of said acoustic apparatus.

2. A driving apparatus for driving a vibrator which is arranged in a resonator constituted by a closed cavity and an acoustic mass means for causing said cavity to acoustically communicate with an external region so as to directly radiate an acoustic wave to the outside, the vibrator being driven to cause the resonator to radiate a resonant acoustic wave through said acoustic mass means to the outside, the driving apparatus comprising:

a driving circuit for providing a drive signal including audio frequencies to the vibrator, the driving circuit having an output impedance, wherein at least one of output impedances of said driving circuit at a first resonance frequency which is essentially determined by the motional impedance of said vibrator and the equivalent stiffness of said cavity and at a second resonance frequency which is the resonance frequency of said resonator is a negative impedance, and wherein the output impedances have different output impedance values.

3. A driving apparatus according to claim 2 in combination with the resonator and vibrator, wherein said resonator is a Helmholtz resonator which comprises (1) a cabinet having outer wall defining said cavity and (2) an opening or opening port formed on the outer wall of said cabinet as said acoustic mass means, and wherein said vibrator is mounted on the outer wall of said cabinet, a first surface of the vibrating body of said vibrator facing said external region, and a second surface thereof facing said cavity.

4. A driving apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said vibrator is a dynamic electro-acoustic transducer.

5. A driving apparatus for electrically driving one vibrator arranged to drive a plurality of resonators in parallel wherein each resonator is constituted by a closed cavity and acoustic mass means for causing the respective cavity to acoustically communicate with an external region and wherein the resonators have different resonance frequencies, comprising:

a driving circuit for providing a drive signal including audio frequencies to the vibrator, the driving circuit having an output impedance which is negative at at least a first frequency associated with the output sound pressure of the resonators among a plurality of resonance frequencies formed by said resonators and said vibrator, and the output impedance of the driving circuit at another frequency associated with the sound pressure is different from the output impedance at the first frequency.

6. A driving apparatus according to claim 5 further including a cabinet having a partition plate therein which divides the cabinet into two chambers, the partition plate having an opening, wherein each of the two chambers defines the cavity of a respective resonator, and said acoustic mass means of each resonator comprising one of an opening, an opening port or a passive vibrating body located on the outer wall of said cabinet, and wherein said vibrator is mounted on the partition plate, said vibrator closing the opening formed in said partition plate, a first surface of said vibrating body facing one of the cavities, and a second surface thereof facing the other cavity.

7. A driving apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said vibrator is a dynamic electro-acoustic transducer.

8. A driving apparatus for driving an electro-acoustic transducer comprising a driving circuit for providing a driving signal including audio frequencies to the transducer, wherein the output impedance of the driving apparatus near at least a resonance frequency associated with a sound pressure among resonance frequencies in the state of actual use of said transducer is set to be negative, and the output impedance of the driving apparatus in a frequency range in which the influence of non-motional impedance of said transducer on sound quality is not negligible is set to be 0 or positive.

9. A combined speaker and amplifier system comprising:

a speaker including a cabinet having an outer wall and an internal volume, a partition dividing the internal volume into at least first and second chambers, the partition having an opening, a first opening in the cabinet outer wall communicating with the first chamber, a second opening in the cabinet wall communicating with the second chamber, and a vibrator located in the opening of the partition, the chambers defining first and second resonators both of which are driven by the vibrator, the speaker including a plurality of resonance points; and

an amplifier providing a drive signal for driving the speaker, the amplifier having an output impedance which is negative at at least one of the resonance points and having different values of output impedance at at least two of of the resonance points.

19. The system of claim 9, wherein the cabinet includes first and second ports extending outwardly from the cabinet outer wall at the first and second openings, respectively.

10. A combined speaker and amplifier system comprising:

a speaker including a cabinet and a vibrator having an inherent internal impedance, the speaker being capable of reproducing sounds in a relatively low frequency audio range and a relatively high frequency audio range; and

an amplifier for providing a drive signal to drive the speaker, the amplifier having an output impedance which is negative in the low frequency range and zero or positive in the high frequency range.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the amplifier includes frequency dependent feedback means, coupled between the speaker and an input of the ampflier, for controlling the output impedance of the amplifier.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the feedback means includes first control means for causing the amplifier to have a negative impedance in the low frequency range and a second control means for causing the amplifier to have a zero or positive impedance in the high frequency range.

13. A combined speaker and amplifier system comprising:

a speaker including a cabinet defining a cavity and having an outer wall, a vibrator located in a first opening in the outer wall of the cabinet, and acoustic mass means located at a second opening in the outer wall of the cabinet for radiating acoustic waves to the outside of the cabinet in response to resonance with cavity caused by the vibrator, the speaker having at least first and second resonance frequencies within an audio frequency range; and

an amplifier for providing a drive signal to the speaker, the amplifier having an output impedance which is a first value at the first resonance frequency and a second value different from the first value at the second resonance frequency, at least one of the first and second values being negative.

14. A system as in claim 13, wherein the amplifier includes feedback means coupled between the speaker and an input to the amplifier to provide feedback to the amplifier to control the first and second output impedance values.

15. A system as in claim 14, wherein the feedback means provides different amounts of feedback at the first and second frequencies.

16. A system as in claim 14, wherein the amplifier includes an amplifying section and wherein the amplifying section has different gain at the first and second frequencies.

17. A system as in claim 13, wherein both the first and second values of output impedance are negative.

18. A system as in claim 13, wherein the first value is negative and the second value is positive.