Ultrasonic detector

• US 4,944,191 A
• Filed: 03/07/1989
• Issued: 07/31/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hospira Incorporated (Pfizer Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Abbott Laboratories Incorporated
• Inventors: Lawless, Michael, Fellingham, George H., Pastrone, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Arana, Louis M.
• Application Number:
  US07/307,489
• Time in Patent Office: 511 Days
• Field of Search: 73/19, 73/599, 73/61 R, 73/866.5, 310/365, 310/366, 128/DIG. 13
• US Class Current: 73/599
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/365 Air detectors A61M5/1684 takes precedence; in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3626
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02433 Gases in liquids, e.g. bubbles, foams
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/102 one emitter, one receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/032 by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/036 by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/223 Supports, positioning or alignment in fixed situation mounting transducers per se G10K11/004
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/24 Probes transducers for acoustic waves B06B, G10K; for measuring G01H
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/28 providing acoustic coupling , e.g. water impedance matching G10K11/02
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/348 with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals measuring frequency of mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in general G01H1/06, G01H3/04; measuring frequency or analysing frequency spectra G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/46 by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis spectral signal processing per se G06F17/14

Abstract

An ultrasonic sound generator and receiver are spaced apart from each other so as to receive a projecting portion of a cassette in which a liquid carrying passage is defined by a flexible membrane. The liquid carrying passage in the projecting portion fits between the ultrasonic sound generator and receiver, with opposite sides of the flexible membrane in contact with the sound generator and sound receiver. The sound generator and sound receiver each comprise a substrate having a layer of conducting material. Two electrically isolated regions are defined on the conductive layer, and a piezoelectric chip is electrically connected between the two regions. An electrical signal applied between the first and second regions excites the piezoelectric chip on the sound generator, causing it to generate an ultrasonic signal, which is transmitted through the liquid carrying passage. If liquid is present in the passage, the amplitude of the ultrasonic sound signal received by the piezoelectric chip on the sound receiver is substantially greater than when liquid is absent in the passage. The ultrasonic detector thus produces a signal indicative of liquid in the liquid carrying passage.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic liquid detector comprising:

an ultrasonic sound generator and an ultrasonic sound receiver spacedly separated apart from one another so as to receive a liquid carrying member therebetween;

each of said sound generator and sound receiver including a substrate and a layer of conductive material on said substrate, said conductive layer having at least two regions electrically isolated from each other, a piezoelectric chip placed in electrical contact over at least a portion of a first region of said conductive layer, and a conductive member extending between said piezoelectric chip and a second region of said conductive layer;

whereby when an electrical signal is applied between said first and second regions the piezoelectric chip on said sound generator is excited, causing ultrasonic sound to be generated, and whereby an amplitude of the ultrasonic sound received by said piezoelectric chip on said sound receiver is electrically detected by monitoring the electrical signal produced between the first and second regions of the conductive layer on said sound receiver, the amplitude of the ultrasonic sound received increasing substantially when liquid is present in the liquid carrying member between the sound generator and the sound receiver.

2. The ultrasonic detector of claim 1 further including a housing member for each of said sound generator and sound receiver, the substrate of said generator and receiver being positioned across an opening on its associated housing.

3. The ultrasonic detector of claim 2 wherein said two housings are secured together and configured so as to form a U-shape, with said housing openings facing each other in opposite arm of said U.

4. The ultrasonic detector of claim 1 which includes a push connector pin mounted on each of said regions to which electrical leads can be connected.

5. An ultrasonic liquid detector for use with a liquid carrying member, comprising:

a housing defining an opening sized to accept the liquid carrying member;

an ultrasonic sound source and an ultrasonic sound receiver disposed within the housing, on opposite sides of the opening;

said ultrasonic sound source and ultrasonic sound receiver each comprising a dielectric substrate having a generally planar surface including a conductive layer disposed thereon, divided into a plurality of discrete areas;

said ultrasonic sound source including means disposed in electrical contact with one of the discrete areas on the dielectric substrate for generating an ultrasonic sound signal at a resonant frequency in response to an applied electrical signal, a fluid within the liquid carrying member adjacent the ultrasonic sound source conducting the ultrasonic sound signal to the ultrasonic sound receiver;

said ultrasonic sound receiver including means disposed in electrical contact with one of the discrete areas on the dielectric substrate, for producing an output electrical signal at the resonant frequency in response to the ultrasonic sound signal; and

conductor means for respectively conveying the applied electrical signal to the means for generating the ultrasonic sound signal, and the output electrical signal from the means for producing said output signal, whereby when a liquid is present within the liquid carrying member between the ultrasonic sound source and the ultrasonic sound receiver, the output signal indicates the presence of the liquid due to a relatively higher amplitude in the ultrasonic sound signal at the ultrasonic sound receiver, as compared to said signal in the absence of the liquid.

6. The ultrasonic liquid detector of claim 5, wherein the dielectric substrates of the ultrasonic sound source and ultrasonic sound receiver are mounted within the housing so as to directly contact the liquid carrying member, thereby providing good acoustic contact between the liquid carrying member and the dielectric substrates.

7. The ultrasonic liquid detector of claim 5, wherein the means for generating the ultrasonic sound signal and the means for producing the output electrical signal each comprise piezoelectric crystals having substantially the same resonant frequency characteristics.

8. The ultrasonic liquid detector of claim 5, wherein the conductor means comprise a plurality of terminals fixed in place with the housing and connected to the discrete areas on the dielectric substrates.

9. The ultrasonic liquid detector of claim 8, wherein the conductor means further comprise a lead extending between the means for generating the ultrasonic sound signal and one of the discrete areas to which one of the terminals is connected, and a lead extending between the means for producing the output signal and another of the discrete areas to which another of the terminals is connected.

10. The ultrasonic liquid detector of claim 5, wherein a primary path for the ultrasonic sound signal is provided between the dielectric substrate of the ultrasonic sound source and the dielectric substrate of the ultrasonic sound receiver, directly through the liquid carrying member, the absence of liquid within the liquid carrying member greatly reducing transmission of the ultrasonic sound signal therebetween, causing a substantial change in the output electric signal.