Electrochemical methods of assay
First Claim
1. In a homogeneous method of assaying a ligand in a sample using electrochemical apparatus containing a working electrode and components comprising:
- (a) the sample, and(b) a specific binding partner to the ligand, or a specific binding partner to the ligand and at least one further reagent selected from ligand analogues and specific binding partners to the ligand, the improvement which comprises said components including(c) an electron-source or electron-acceptor selected from oxidoreductase enzymes in cooperation with a substrate therefor and non-enzyme electron sources;
one of components (b) being labelled with an electron-transfer mediator capable of aiding the transfer of electrons between the electron-source or electron-acceptor and the working electrode by accepting electrons from the electron-source and donating them to the working electrode, or accepting electrons from said electrode and donating them to the electron-acceptor; and
which method includes the step of determining whether the said transfer of electrons is perturbed by formation of a complex of said ligand with a specific binding partner.
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Abstract
A ligand in a sample can be assayed using electrochemical apparatus containing a working electrode and components comprising:
(a) the sample,
(b) a specific binding partner to the ligand, or a specific binding partner to the ligand and selected from ligand analogues and specific binding partners, and
(c) an electron-source or electron-acceptor; at least one of components (b) being labelled with an electron-transfer mediator capable of aiding the transfer of electrons between the electron-source or electron-acceptor and the working electrode by accepting electrons from the electron-source and donating them to the working electrode, or accepting the electrons from the electrode and donating them to the electron-acceptor.
The method includes the step of determining whether, and, if desired, the extent to which, the said transfer of electrons is perturbed by at least one of (i) formation of a complex of said ligand with a specific binding partner and (ii) controlled external influence which produces a perturbation of said transfer of electrons as a function of said complex formation.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. In a homogeneous method of assaying a ligand in a sample using electrochemical apparatus containing a working electrode and components comprising:
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(a) the sample, and (b) a specific binding partner to the ligand, or a specific binding partner to the ligand and at least one further reagent selected from ligand analogues and specific binding partners to the ligand, the improvement which comprises said components including (c) an electron-source or electron-acceptor selected from oxidoreductase enzymes in cooperation with a substrate therefor and non-enzyme electron sources; one of components (b) being labelled with an electron-transfer mediator capable of aiding the transfer of electrons between the electron-source or electron-acceptor and the working electrode by accepting electrons from the electron-source and donating them to the working electrode, or accepting electrons from said electrode and donating them to the electron-acceptor; and which method includes the step of determining whether the said transfer of electrons is perturbed by formation of a complex of said ligand with a specific binding partner. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. In a heterogeneous method of assaying a ligand in a sample using electrochemical apparatus containing a working electrode and components comprising:
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(a) the sample, and (b) the specific binding partner to the ligand, or a specific binding partner to the ligand and at least one further reagent selected from ligand analogues and specific binding partners to the ligand, the improvement which comprises said components including (c) an electron-source or electron-acceptor selected from oxidoreductase enzymes in cooperation with a substrate therefor and non-enzyme electron sources; one of components (b) being labelled with an electron-transfer mediator capable of aiding the transfer of electrons between the electron-source or electron-acceptor - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification