Electrofusion marker

• US 4,947,012 A
• Filed: 05/19/1989
• Issued: 08/07/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Minarovic, Joe T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Reynolds, Bruce A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/354,466
• Time in Patent Office: 445 Days
• Field of Search: 219/535, 219/534, 219/544, 219/541, 219/548, 324/326-329, 156/272.2, 156/304.2, 156/379.6, 156/379.7
• US Class Current: 219/535
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/342 comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/3468 characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings B29C65/3668 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/3476 being metallic
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/362 comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/68 using auxiliary shrinkable elements
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/1122 Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints B29C66/45, B29C66/472, B29C66/52272 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/5221 for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/5229 involving the use of a socket
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/71 characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined welding bar compositions B29C65/125
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/9672 involving special data inputs, e.g. involving barcodes, RFID tags
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/06 PE, i.e. polyethylene
• CPC Class Codes: F16L 1/11 for the detection or protection of pipes in the ground
• CPC Class Codes: F16L 47/03 Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 15/00 Tags attached to, or associated with, an object, in order to enable detection of the object record carriers for use with machines having a detectable tag or marker G06K19/00

Abstract

An electrofusion marker which fuses two pipe sections together and acts as a passive electronic marker. The electrofusion marker includes a tubular thermoplastic fitting having a coil therein, which is temporarily energized by a power supply. This heats the fitting, causing it to fuse with the pipe sections. The coil doubles as an inductor, and a capacitor connected in parallel with the coil creates a resonant LC circuit. After the pipe sections have been fused together and buried the joint may be thereafter located by emitting a signal into the ground, which is picked up by the resonant circuit and re-radiated. The radiated signal is detected by a receiver, indicating location of the electrofusion marker and joint.

Claims

1. A device for coupling two elongated members and electronically marking the coupled joint, comprising:

a hollow, thermoplastic fitting member having an inner wall;

resistance means for heating said fitting member when said resistance means is connected to an external power supply, whereby said fitting member becomes fused around the elongated members; and

means connected to said resistance means for creating a resonant circuit.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein said resistance means comprises coil means attached to said fitting member proximate said inner wall thereof.

3. The device of claim 2 wherein said means for creating a resonant circuit comprises reactor means electrically connected in parallel with said coil means.

4. The device of claim 3 wherein said reactor means comprises a capacitor, and said resonant circuit has a resonant frequency f given by the equation ##EQU2## where L is the inductance of said coil means and C is the capacitance of said capacitor.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein:

said coil means comprises a coil of electrically conductive wire having first and second ends; and

said fitting member has attached thereto first and second terminals for receiving sockets of the external power supply, said first and second ends of said coil being connected to said first and second terminals, respectively.

6. The device of claim 5 wherein said inner wall of said thermoplastic fitting member has a cross-section essentially identical to the cross-section of the elongated members.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein said thermoplastic fitting member is constructed of polyethylene.

8. The device of claim 4 wherein said thermoplastic fitting member is color coded to indicate the resonant frequency f of said resonant circuit.

9. An electrofusion marker for coupling two pipes and electronically marking the coupled joint, comprising:

a tubular, thermoplastic fitting having an inner wall, an outer surface, and first and second terminals attached to said outer surface;

a coil of electrically conductive wire having first and second ends, said coil being attached to said fitting proximate said inner wall thereof, and said first and second ends of said coil being electrically connected to said first and second terminals, respectively; and

reactor means connected in parallel to said coil for creating a resonant circuit.

10. The electrofusion marker of claim 9 wherein said reactor means comprises a capacitor, and said resonant circuit has a resonant frequency f given by the equation ##EQU3## where L is the inductance of said coil and C is the capacitance of said capacitor.

11. The electrofusion marker of claim 10 wherein:

said inner wall of said thermoplastic fitting has a circular cross-section essentially identical to the cross-section of the pipes; and

said fitting is constructed of polyethylene.

12. The electrofusion marker of claim 11 further comprising power supply means for temporarily energizing said coil, whereby said fitting may be heated and become fused around the pipes, said power supply means having first and second sockets for connection to said first and second terminals of said fitting, respectively.

13. The electrofusion marker of claim 12 wherein said thermoplastic fitting is color coded to indicate the resonant frequency f of said resonant circuit.

14. An adaptor for modifying a tubular electro-fusion coupler into an electronic marker, the electrofusion coupler having first and second terminals connected to first and second ends of a coil within the coupler, comprising:

a housing;

first and second plugs attached to said housing, for mating with the first and second terminals of the coupler; and

a capacitor located within said housing, electrically connected between said first and second plugs whereby, when said plugs are united with said terminals, a resonant LC circuit is created.

15. The adaptor of claim 14 further comprising means for sealing the connection between said plugs and the terminals of the coupler.