Method and apparatus for automatic signal level adustment

• US 4,947,133 A
• Filed: 01/19/1988
• Issued: 08/07/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: British Technology Group Ltd. (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: National Research Development Corporation
• Inventors: Thomas, Louis D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Callahan, Timothy P.
• Application Number:
  US07/145,099
• Time in Patent Office: 931 Days
• Field of Search: 328/168, 328/136, 328/140, 328/162, 307/493, 307/354, 307/264, 330/278, 330/279, 330/136, 330/129, 333/14
• US Class Current: 327/318
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3005 in amplifiers suitable for low-frequencies, e.g. audio amplifiers H03G3/32, H03G3/34 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 7/002 in untuned or low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio amplifiers H03G7/007, H03G7/001, H03G7/008, H03G7/02, H03G7/06 take precedence

Abstract

An input signal passes by way of a variable gain amplifier to an output terminal. In addition the input signal is applied to a peak detector and then a control signal is derived by applying a smoothing function taking into account a predetermined number of peak values. A selected gain function is applied to the control signal. The control signal is preferably also multiplied by a compression control signal which acts on individual half cycles to bring all peak values in the output signal to the same value.

Claims

1. Apparatus for automatic signal level adjustment comprising:

control means for forming a first control signal which is a function of a weighted sum of a predetermined number, greater than one, of consecutive half cycle peak magnitudes of an input signal, whereby the first control signal is dependent on a frequency content of the input signal, and

processing means for operating on the input signal using a first control transfer function which varies in accordance with the first control signal to provide an output signal which at least partly depends on the first control signal.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means is also for changing a value of the first control signal at discrete intervals also dependent on the frequency content of the input signal.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means is also for changing the function of said weighted sum more rapidly in response to successively increasing peak magnitudes than to successively decreasing peak magnitudes.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means is also for changing the function of said weighted sum in the form of an average of the half cycle peak magnitudes.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means includes a digital low pass filter for deriving the first control transfer function, said digital low-pass filter processing clocked at zero crossings of the input signal.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means, in forming the weighted sum, weights peak magnitudes in dependence upon when said peak magnitudes occur in the input signal, and wherein at least some of the weights are different from others.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means, in operation, delays the input signal by a predetermined amount before being operated upon using the first control transfer function, and the control means, in operation, detects peak magnitudes between zero crossings in the input signal prior to the delay of the input signal by the control means, forms a queue of the peak magnitudes, detects zero crossings in the input signal after the input signal has been delayed, and changes the first control signal each time a zero crossing is detected after the input signal has been delayed using, at least partly, a peak magnitude read from the queue at that time.

8. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means, in operation, derives a second control signal separate from said first control signal and representative of input signal peak magnitudes, each peak magnitude being derived over a respective portion of the input signal, and the control means is responsive to both said first and second control signals, and, in operation operates on each portion of the input signal using a second control transfer function which varies in accordance with the second control signal to vary the output signal partly in accordance with the second control signal derived from that portion with the result that at least a predetermined set of the said peak magnitudes are brought to substantially the same magnitude in the output signal.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the control means is arranged to control the value of the second control signal in accordance with the value of the first control signal.

10. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the control means includes variable gain means connected in the path of the input signal, the control means being arranged to provide a gain control signal for the variable gain means by multiplying the first and second control signals together.

11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the control means is arranged to form the logarithm of the input signal in deriving the first and second control signals, multiply the said control signals by the addition of logarithms, and cause the output of the variable gain means to be the antilog of the product of the input signal and the said gain control signal.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the control means is arranged to control the value of the second control signal in accordance with the value of the first control signal by adding the first control signal and a logarithmic signal representative of input signal peak magnitudes in deriving the second control signal.

13. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means includes means to allow user selection of predetermined characteristics for the first control and/or second control transfer function.

14. A method of automatic signal level adjustment comprising the steps of

forming a first control signal which is a function of a weighted sum of a predetermined number, greater than one, of consecutive peak magnitudes of an input signal, whereby the first control signal is a function of a frequency content of the input signal, and

operating on the input signal using a first control transfer function which varies in accordance with the first control signal to provide an output signal which at least partly depends on the first control signal.

15. A method according to claim 14, comprising the further step of

deriving a second control signal representative of input signal peak magnitudes, each peak magnitude being derived over a respective portion of the input signal, and

wherein said operating step includes operating on each portion of the input signal using a second control transfer function which varies in accordance with the second control signal to vary the output signal at least partly in accordance with the value of the second control signal derived for that portion with the result that at least a predetermined set of the said peak magnitudes are brought to substantially the same magnitude in the output signal.