Polarographic cell

• US 4,950,379 A
• Filed: 10/02/1989
• Issued: 08/21/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 04/09/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nova Biomedical Corporation (Nova Chemicals)
• Original Assignee: Nova Biomedical Corporation (Nova Chemicals)
• Inventors: Silverman, Alan R., Fowler, James E., Young, Chung C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kaplan, G. L.
• Application Number:
  US07/418,775
• Time in Patent Office: 323 Days
• Field of Search: 204/435, 204/1 E, 204/403, 204/415, 435/817
• US Class Current: 204/403.1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0093 Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors laboratory containers with capillary fluid transport in microfabricated channels or chambers B01L3/5027
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/006 for glucose
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/817 Enzyme or microbe electrode

Abstract

A two electrode assembly in a polarographic cell includes a sensor electrode and a silver/silver chloride reference electrode in which silver metal is in contact with a substantial reservoir of silver chloride.

Claims

1. A polarographic cell comprising a sensor electrode and a reference electrode,

said reference electrode being a silver/silver chloride electrode comprising a ring of silver metal in contact with a concentric ring of silver chloride that has a thickness of at least 25μ

, said reference electrode being capable of serving as a counter electrode to complete an electric circuit with said sensor electrode, a sufficient quantity of silver chloride being present so that 2,000 assays can be performed where the current used in each assay is 5 nanoamps and the length of each assay is 60 seconds.

wherein during the operation of said electrode assembly, current flows through said electric circuit and the silver ion from said silver chloride is reduced to silver metal, said cell being connected to means for measuring said current, and

wherein said polarographic cell lacks a third electrode.

2. The electrode assembly of claim 1 wherein said ring of silver chloride is at least 0.01 cm thick.

3. The electrode assembly of claim 1 wherein said ring of silver chloride is less than 0.5 cm thick.

4. The electrode assembly of claim 1, 2, or 3 wherein said silver chloride ring extends for the entire height of said silver ring.

5. The electrode assembly of claim 1 wherein said sensor electrode is disposed inside of said ring of silver chloride and said ring of silver metal.

6. The electrode assembly of claim 5, further comprising a laminated membrane covering the exposed faces of said sensor and said reference electrodes.

7. The electrode assembly of claim 6 wherein said laminated membrane comprises an inner membrane adjacent said exposed faces of said sensor and said reference electrodes;

an outer solution-contacting membrane; and

an adhesive layer between said membranes holding them together.

8. The electrode assembly of claim 7 wherein said adhesive layer comprises an enzyme and a binding agent.

9. The electrode assembly of claim 8 wherein said assembly is for use in assaying a substance and wherein said enzyme is capable of oxidizing said substance to generate hydrogen peroxide.

10. The electrode assembly of claim 1, further comprising a laminated membrane covering the exposed faces of said sensor electrode.