Laminated safety glass and polymeric laminate for use therein

• US 4,952,457 A
• Filed: 12/05/1988
• Issued: 08/28/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Solutia Incorporated (Eastman Chemical Company)
• Original Assignee: Monsanto Company (Bayer AG)
• Inventors: Moran, James R., Kavanagh, Dean L., Cartier, George E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buffalow, Edith
• Application Number:
  US07/279,742
• Time in Patent Office: 631 Days
• Field of Search: 428/423.1, 428/423.7, 428/424.4, 428/425.3, 428/425.6, 428/430, 428/437, 428/480
• US Class Current: 428/425.6
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10018 comprising only one glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10577 Surface roughness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10688 Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/1077 containing polyurethane
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2329/06 PVB, i.e. polyinylbutyral
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2367/00 Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2375/00 Polyureas; Polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/306 comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/40 comprising polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 5/098 Metal salts of carboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 29/14 Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31551 Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31565 Next to polyester [polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31583 Nitrile monomer type [polyacrylonitrile, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31594 Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product [phenol-aldehyde, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31601 Quartz or glass
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31616 Next to polyester [e.g., alkyd]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/3163 : Next to acetal of polymerized unsaturated alcohol [e.g., formal butyral, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 : Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]

Abstract

A polymeric laminate for use with a glass layer in a laminated bilayer or anti-lacerative shield application comprises a first layer of moisture tolerant plasticized polyvinyl butyral containing (a) adhesion control agent(s) and (b) residual hydroxyl content which optimize glass adhesion and optical performance over a range of moisture contents in the first layer likely to be encountered in use, i.e. 0.2 to 0.5 weight % and 2 to 2.8 weight %, such first layer being in face to face contact with a second layer of a clear polymer film or coating having a combination of performance properties desirable for these applications. Preferred second layers are biaxially stretched polyester and thermoset aliphatic polyurethane.

Claims

1. A polymeric laminate comprising a first layer of plasticized polyvinyl butyral in face to face contact with a second layer comprising a clear polymer film or coating, said first layer containing about 0.01 to 0.1 weight percent, based on polyvinyl butyral, of an adhesion control agent other than water, said polyvinyl butyral having a hydroxyl content, calculated as polyvinyl alcohol, of 17 to 22 weight percent;

said laminate possessing the following properties at a water content in the first layer of;

(a) 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C of less than 65 newtons per cm;

(b) 2 to 2.8 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C of at least 5 newtons per cm; and

(ii) less than 3 percent optical haze.

2. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the adhesion control agent is selected from monovalent and divalent metal salts of C₁ to C₈ organic monocarboxylic acids and mixtures of such monovalent and divalent salts.

3. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the polyvinyl butyral, before incorporation of the adhesion control agent therein, has a titer less than 5.

4. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the adhesion control agent is a divalent metal salt of a C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.

5. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the plasticizer comprises dihexyl adipate.

6. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the second layer comprises polyester or polyurethane.

7. The laminate of claim 3 wherein the adhesion control agent is selected from magnesium and calcium salts of C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

8. The laminate of claim 4 wherein the adhesion control agent is magnesium 2-ethyl butyrate.

9. The laminate of claim 6 wherein the second layer comprises polyurethane.

10. The laminate of any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the peel adhesion to glass at 2 to 2.8 weight percent water in the first layer is at least 8 newtons per cm.

11. The laminate of claim 10 wherein the peel adhesion to glass at 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent water in the first layer is less than 45 newtons per cm.

12. A polymeric laminate comprising a first layer of plasticized polyvinyl butyral in face to face contact with a second layer comprising a clear polymeric film of biaxially stretched polyester or polyurethane, said first layer containing 0.01 to 0.1 weight %, based on polyvinyl butyral, of one or more glass adhesion control agents selected from monovalent and divalent metal salts of C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and mixtures of such monovalent and divalent salts, said polyvinyl butyral having a hydroxyl content, calculated as polyvinyl alcohol, of 17 to 22 weight percent;

said laminate possessing the following properties at a water content in the first layer of;

(a) 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C. of less than 65 newtons per cm;

(b) 2 to 2.8 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C of at least 8 newtons per cm; and

(ii) less than 3 percent optical haze.

13. The laminate of claim 12 wherein the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.

14. The laminate of claim 12 wherein the adhesion control agent is present at 0.01 to 0.05 weight %.

15. The laminate of claim 12 wherein the plasticizer comprises dihexyl adipate.

16. The laminate of claim 12 wherein the film comprises polyurethane.

17. The laminate of claim 16 wherein the polyurethane is a thermoset aliphatic polyurethane.

18. The laminate of claim 17 wherein the polyurethane is the reaction product of a polyether triol and polyisocyanate.

19. The laminate of any of claims 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 wherein the peel adhesion to glass at 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent water in the first layer is less than 45 newtons per cm.

20. Laminated safety glass comprising at least one sheet of glass having adhered to its surface a polymeric laminate comprising a first layer of plasticized polyvinyl butyral in face to face contact with a second layer comprising a clear polymer film or coating, said first layer containing about 0.01 to 0.1 weight percent, based on polyvinyl butyral, of an adhesion control agent other than water, said polyvinyl butyral having a hydroxyl content, calculated as polyvinyl alcohol, of 17 to 22 weight percent;

said laminate possessing the following properties at a water content in the first layer of;

(a) 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C of less than 65 newtons per cm;

(b) 2 to 2.8 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C of at least 5 newtons per cm; and

(ii) less than 3 percent optical haze.

21. The safety glass of claim 20 wherein the adhesion control agent is selected from monovalent and divalent metal salts of C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and mixtures of such monovalent and divalent salts.

22. The safety glass of claim 20 wherein the polyvinyl butyral, before incorporation of the adhesion control agent therein, has a titer less than 5.

23. The safety glass of claim 20 wherein the adhesion control agent is a divalent metal salt of a C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.

24. The safety glass of claim 20 wherein the plasticizer comprises dihexyl adipate.

25. The safety glass of claim 20 comprising a single sheet of glass.

26. The safety glass of claim 22 wherein the second layer comprises polyester or polyurethane.

27. The safety glass of claim 22 wherein the adhesion control agent is selected from magnesium and calcium salts of C₁ to C₈ aliphatic monocarboxylic

28. The safety glass of claim 23 wherein the adhesion control agent is magnesium 2-ethyl butyrate.

29. The safety glass of claim 26 wherein the second layer comprises polyurethane.

30. The product of any of claims 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28 or 29 wherein the laminated safety glass comprises two sheets of glass having a sheet of plasticized polyvinyl butyral between the glass surfaces, the first layer of said polymeric laminate being adhered in face to face contact with a side of one of the sheets of glass which is opposite the side in contact with the sheet of plasticized polyvinyl butyral.

31. Laminated safety glass comprising a single sheet of glass having adhered to its surface a polymeric laminate comprising a first layer of plasticized polyvinyl butyral in face to face contact with a second layer comprising a clear polymer film or coating, said first layer containing about 0.01 to 0.1 weight percent, based on polyvinyl butyral, of an adhesion control agent other than water, said polyvinyl butyral having a hydroxyl content, calculated as polyvinyl alcohol, of 17 to 22 weight percent;

said laminate possessing the following properties at a water content in the first layer of;

(a) 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C. of less than 45 newtons per cm;

(b) 2 to 2.8 weight percent

(i) peel adhesion to glass at 21°

C. of at least 8 newtons per cm; and

(ii) less than 3 percent optical haze.