Adaptive sidelobe blanker

• US 4,959,653 A
• Filed: 08/23/1989
• Issued: 09/25/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Ganz, Matthew W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hellner, Mark
• Application Number:
  US07/397,658
• Time in Patent Office: 398 Days
• Field of Search: 342/17, 342/367, 342/379-381
• US Class Current: 342/17
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/021 Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/2813 Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays specially adapted to secondary radar systems G01S13/762; aerials or aerials systems H01Q21/29, H01Q25/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/2611 Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling

Abstract

An adaptive sidelobe blanker uses the covariance matrix used to form an adaptively nulled main channel to generate an adaptively nulled version of an omnidirectional antenna pattern. Individual antenna control includes sampling, digitizing, and storage of an antenna signal. Complex antenna weights manipulate the antenna signals in both the main channel and the blanker channel to provide desired steering of the antenna nulls. The adaptively nulled blanker channel is compared to the adaptively mulled main channel to determine if a received target return is a main beam target or a sidelobe target.

Claims

1. A method of detecting radar signals comprising:

providing an antenna array;

generating an interference representation of interference signals received through the antenna array;

transmitting a radar signal and receiving through each antenna of the antenna array a reflected signal;

generating an adaptively nulled representation of the reflected signal by weighting the received signals by a first weighting matrix which defines a main beam pattern with at least one dominant lobe, modified by the interference representation;

generating a blanking signal by weighting the received signals by a second weighting matrix which defines a generally omnidirectional antenna pattern modified by the interference representation; and

providing a radar display of the adaptively nulled representation blanked by the blanking signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein generating an interference representation of an interference signal comprises assembling a background matrix of complex numerical elements, each element corresponding to the product of the ambient signals as received by one pair of antenna elements of the antenna array.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the background matrix is the covariance matrix of the system.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein said antenna pattern pattern is represented by a first steering vector comprising the weights of the antenna array necessary to generate said antenna pattern.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the first weighting matrix represents the product of the inverse of the background matrix with the first steering vector.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein said generally omnidirectional antenna pattern is represented by a second steering vector comprising the weights of the antenna array necessary to generate said generally omnidirectional antenna pattern.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the second weighting matrix represents the product of the inverse of the background matrix with the second steering vector.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the second steering vector is such that all but one of the antenna weights equal zero.

9. A method of detecting radar signals comprising:

providing an antenna array;

generating a covariance matrix of complex elements representative of ambient interfering signals received through the antenna array;

transmitting a radar signal and receiving through each antenna of the antenna array a reflected signal;

generating an adaptively nulled representation of the reflected signal by weighting the received signals by a set of complex weights, the set of complex weights being formed by multiplying the inverse of the covariance matrix, by a first steering vector which defines a desired quiescent antenna weighting pattern;

generating an adaptively nulled blanking signal by weighting the received signals by a set of complex weights, the set of complex weights being formed by multiplying the inverse of the covariance matrix, by a second steering vector which defines a generally omnidirectional antenna weighting pattern;

comparing the adaptively nulled representation of the reflected signal with the adaptively nulled blanking signal to determine the validity of information contained in the adaptively nulled representation of the reflected signal; and

displaying valid information contained in the adaptively nulled representation of the reflected signal on a radar display.

10. A radar system comprising:

an array of antennas through which the ambient signals are received;

a processor which generates an interference representation of the ambient signals, the processor also generating a blanked, adaptively nulled representation of a received signal by weighting the received signal by a first weighting vector which defines an antenna pattern with at least one dominant lobe, blanked by a second weighting vector which defines a generally omnidirectional pattern, the patterns being modified by the interference representation; and

a display for displaying the blanked, adaptively nulled representation of the received signal.

11. The radar system of claim 10 further comprising system memory in which digitized signals are stored.

12. The radar system of claim 10 wherein the weights of each vector are represented by complex numbers.