Channel ligament clamp and system

• US 4,960,420 A
• Filed: 08/23/1988
• Issued: 10/02/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Technology Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Goble E. Marlowe, Somers W. Karl
• Inventors: Goble, E. Marlowe, Somers, W. Karl
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafer, Robert A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BROWN, MICHAEL A
• Application Number:
  US07/235,194
• Time in Patent Office: 770 Days
• Field of Search: 128/92 YC, 128/92 YD, 128/92 YJ, 128/334 R, 128/92 R, 623/13, 623/16, 411/457, 411/458, 411/459, 411/460, 411/470, 411/469, 606/75, 606/77, 606/72, 606/151, 606/154
• US Class Current: 606/232
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0642 for bones, e.g. for osteosynthesis or connecting tendon to bone
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/17 Guides or aligning means for drills , mills, pins or wires
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0641 having at least three legs as part of one single body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0648 threaded, e.g. tacks with a screw thread
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0811 Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/0829 without deformation of anchor parts, e.g. fixation screws on bone surface, extending barbs, cams, butterflies, spring-loaded pins
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/0864 Fixation of tendon or ligament between anchor elements, e.g. by additional screws in the anchor, anchor crimped around tendon
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/0888 Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30841 Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30892 parallel

Abstract

A ligament fixation device and system for its use that includes a channel ligament clamp (10) fabricated for human implantation and consisting of a channel section having a web (13) between parallel sides wherefrom sections have been removed leaving spaced apart pointed spikes (11) that extend outwardly from walls (12), the channel web including a group of pointed pins (15) that extend therefrom parallel and alongside the spikes (11), and at least one screw-type fastener hole (14) formed therethrough. The system of the invention includes tooling for locating a ligament on a bone surface and scoring that surface for drilling. After drilling, a right angle post (22) of a drilling guide (21) is fitted into that drilled hole (20) and the drill guide longitudinal axis is aligned with the ligament location on the bone surface, which drilling guide has an array of spike and pin holes formed therethrough for receiving a drill turned individually therethrough into the bone surface. In practice, the clamp (10) is positioned over the drilled holes, with a ligament under tension therebetween and the pointed pins (15) are driven through the ligament and into the prepared pin holes, preferably utilizing a seating tool (30), and a screw (40) is turned through the web hole (19) and the ligament into the prepared hole (20), to sandwich the ligament that is contained between the clamp spikes (12) against the bone surface.

Claims

1. A channel ligament clamp system for attaching a ligament to a bone surface, that is either a biologic graft or a prostetic ligament, to a bone surface comprising, a pointed instrument for piercing a ligament maintained on a bone surface to score that bone surface therebelow;

means for forming a right angle hole into that bone surface at that second point;

a channel ligament clamp for human implantation that includes a web between channel sides, which said web includes a plurality of pins that individually extend therefrom and are alongside and parallel to said channel sides, which said web includes at least one laterally centered hole formed therethrough;

drill guide means that includes a body with a right angle post extending therefrom, said body including holes formed therethrough that are in the pattern of said channel ligament clamp pins, said drill guide means right angle post for fitting into said hole formed in said bone to position said pin holes appropriately on the bone surface to receive a drill turned therethrough into said bone surface;

seating tool means for locating said channel ligament clamp web hole over said hole that is formed through said ligament and said hole formed in the bone and said seating tool means for urging said channel ligament clamp pins through said ligament to enter the pin holes drilled into said bone surface; and

a screw-type fastener means for turning through said aligned web and ligament holes and into said bone, sandwiching said ligament against said bone surface between said channel sides.

2. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the pins are arranged in a group that is located proximate to one web end, with each pin equidistant from the web longitudinal axis.

3. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 2, wherein the pin grouping is a square.

4. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the channel ligament clamp web has two longitudinally aligned laterally centered holes formed therethrough separated by a grouping of pins extending therefrom.

5. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 4, wherein the pins are arranged in a triangle configuration with one pin located on the web longitudinal axis and with the remaining pins that form the triangle spaced equidistantly from that axis.

6. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the channel ligament clamp is fabricated out of titanium.

7. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the drill guide body means includes means for aligning its longitudinally axis with the position on the bone surface whereon the ligament will rest.

8. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the seating tool means consist of a rectangular block that includes a depression on a lower surface that is of a shape to accommodate the channel ligament clamp nesting therein, and includes a vertical hole formed therethrough that will align with the hole formed through the web of said channel ligament clamp, which said vertical hole is stepped outwardly from the lesser diameter adjacent to the depression to a greater diameter thereabove;

and a shaft means that is tapered outwardly from a pointed end to a diameter that is greater than said lesser diameter portion of said vertical hole, said shaft means having a flat upper end surface.

9. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the screw-type fastener is a short screw to be turned through only one bone surface.

10. A ligament clamp system as recited in claim 1, wherein the screw-type fastener is a long screw that is to be turned through opposing bone cortex surfaces.

12. A channel ligament clamp as recited in claim 1, wherein the channel sides are arranged as spikes, said spikes and pins each have pointed ends and the pins are slightly longer than the spikes.

11. A channel ligament clamp comprising, a section of channel constructed from a material suitable for human implantation having upstanding spaced apart parallel channel sides with a web therebetween to fit over a ligament said web having inner and outer surfaces;

pin means consisting of a plurality of pins, each pin having a cylindrical shaft with a pointed end and an enlarged broad head opposite end, which said cylindrical shaft includes a circumferential groove formed around said cylindrical shaft, spaced apart from said broad head, said pin fitted through a hole in said web, said circumferential groove located adjacent to and just below said web inner face surface, said pin extending alongside and parallel to said channel sides, said circumferential grooves, each receiving a metal flow from around holes formed through said web, staking each said pin in said web; and

at least one laterally centered hole formed through said web for receiving a screw-type fastener fitted therethrough.

13. A channel ligament clamp as recited in claim 11, wherein the pins are arranged equidistant from and along opposite sides of the web longitudinal axis in a grouping that is proximate to one web end, with the laterally centered hole formed through said web proximate to the other web end.

14. A channel ligament clamp as recited in claim 11, wherein the pins are arranged n a triangular pattern at approximately the web center, one pin on and the other pins straddling the web longitudinal axis;

and a pair of laterally centered holes formed through said web, each proximate to a web end.

15. A channel ligament clamp as recited in claim 11, wherein the channel section and pins are formed out of titanium.

16. A method for securing a ligament to a bone surface comprising the steps of, locating a ligament under a desired tension on a bone surface;

with a sharp end of a tool, piercing the ligament to score said bone surface;

drilling an appropriate diameter fastener hole into the bone;

with a drill guide having a body that includes an array of holes formed therethrough that conform to the size and spacing of parallel pins of a channel ligament clamp, positioning said drill guide over the ligament location on the bone surface, and drilling said bone surface through each of said array of pin holes to a depth that is appropriate to receive the ends of said channel ligament clamp pins;

fitting said channel ligament clamp over said ligament positioned above the holes that were formed in said bone surface utilizing said drill guide such that said channel ligament clamp ends align to said formed holes;

utilizing a seating tool means that provides for fitting a pointed end of a shaft through said channel ligament clamp web, said ligament and said fastener hole that has been formed into said bone surface, urging said channel ligament clamp towards said bone surface such that said pin ends thereof pass through said ligament contained between said channel ligament clamp sides, which said pin ends pass into said pin holes that have been drilled into said bone surface; and

turning a screw through the channel ligament clamp web hole, ligament and into said fastener hole that has been formed into said bone surface.

17. A procedure as recited in claim 16, wherein the screw is sufficiently long to pass through the entire bone, exiting from an opposite bone surface.

18. A method as recited in claim 16, wherein the channel ligament clamp has a pair of spaced apart holes formed therethrough each for receiving a screw turned therethrough.

19. A method as recited in claim 18, wherein one or both screws is of sufficient length to pass entirely through the bone to exit an opposite bone surface.