Automobile head-up display system with reflective aspheric surface

• US 4,961,625 A
• Filed: 09/15/1989
• Issued: 10/09/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 09/18/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Flight Dynamics Inc (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Flight Dynamics Inc (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Thomas, Mark A., Desmond, John P., Wood, Robert B.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/409,954
• Time in Patent Office: 389 Days
• Field of Search: 350/174, 350/445, 350/432, 350/442, 350/443, 350/444, 350/479
• US Class Current: 359/630
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/012 comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0154 with movable elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0187 slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/01 Head-up displays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0101 characterised by optical features G02B27/0172 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0149 characterised by mechanical features G02B27/0176 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/30 Polarising elements light-modulating devices with active elements G02F1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/00 Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings

Abstract

An optical display system (10) presents visual source information to an observer (18). The display system includes a vision unit (14) that has reflective surfaces (16) through which the observer can view an outside world scene and which reflect source information emanating from an information source (22) for display to the observer. In a preferred embodiment, the optical display system constitutes a head-up display system for an automobile and the observer is the driver of the automobile. The vision unit constitutes an automobile windshield with or without a reflection enhancement material and whose inner and outer surfaces reflect source information carried by light propagating from the information source, such as a liquid crystal display (32). A projection lens system (24) positioned between the inner surface of the windshield and the information source has optical light-directing properties for compensating for optical aberrations introduced by the nonplanar windshield surface. The projection lens system includes an aspheric element (262) that is unique to a specific aspheric windshield shape and remaining elements that are common to a great number of different windshield shapes. A positioning mechanism ( 130) allows the driver to adjust the vertical position of the source information (60) reflected by the windshield within a total display field of view for optimal viewing by a seated driver. The positioning mechanism also automatically changes the distance between the display image and the driver as a function of vehicle speed to promote safe vehicle operation.

Claims

1. An optical display system for presenting visual information to an observer, comprising:

a vision unit through which the observer can view an outside world scene, the vision unit having a reflective aspheric surface with a curvature characterized by vision unit sag properties;

information source means for providing source information carried by light propagating along an optical path for reflection by the reflective surface of the vision unit for display to an observer; and

projection lens means for projecting the source information at a finite projection distance and predetermined size for display to the observer and for compensating for aberrations caused by the reflective aspheric surface of the vision unit so that the light reflected by it is of substantially aberration-free character for viewing by the observer,

the projection lens means including first and second lens sections positioned along the optical path between the reflective surface and the information source means, the first lens section including a rotationally nonsymmetric optical element characterized by the vision unit sag properties to compensate for nonsymmetric aberrations introduced by the reflective aspheric surface of the vision unit and the second lens section characterized by optical light directing properties that affect the projection distance and the size of the source information and that compensate for other optical aberrations present in the optical display system, thereby to provide projection lens means in which the second lens section is substantially independent of vision unit sag properties and is compatible with vision units having different sag properties.

2. The system of claim 1 in which the projection lens means includes a light reflecting fold element disposed between the first and second lens sections to change the direction of the optical path of light propagating between them.

3. The system of claim 1 in which the projection lens means develops an image of the source information at the finite projection distance.

4. The system of claim 1 in which the reflective surface comprises a major surface of a vehicle windshield, which major surface is positioned adjacent the observer.

5. The system of claim 1 in which the reflective aspheric surface has different curvatures in different sections lying in mutually orthogonal planes.

6. The system of claim 1 in which the projection lens means comprises a projection lens system that includes a plastic lens component.

7. The system of claim 1 in which the vision unit has a primary operational field of view through which the observer views the outside world scene, and the observer has an instantaneous field of view of source information presented by the display system, the instantaneous field of view being located generally outside the primary operational field of view.

8. The system of claim 7 in which the instantaneous field of view is positioned below the primary operational field of view.

9. The system of claim 1 in which the second lens section includes a rotationally symmetric lens element.

10. The system of claim 1 in which the first lens section is positioned along the optical path between the reflective surface and the second lens section.