Low profile array antenna system with independent multibeam control
First Claim
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1. Apparatus for radiating microwave energy comprising:
- an array of antenna elements,a plurality of couplers each having first and second input ports and third and fourth output ports,each said coupler having said third port coupled to one of said antenna elements and said fourth port coupled to another one of said antenna elements to form a plurality of antenna subarrays,each antenna element of each said subarray positioned substantially a quarter wavelength apart from the other antenna element at a desired operating frequency,a first beam forming network for generating a plurality of first input signals representative of a first predetermined pattern to be radiated, anda second beam forming network for generating a plurality of second input signals representative of a second predetermined pattern to be radiated,said plurality of first input signals coupled to said first input port of said plurality of couplers, respectively,said plurality of second input signals coupled to said second input port of said plurality of couplers, respectively,each said coupler including means for transmitting the first input signal from said first input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the first transmitted signal at said third output port by 90°
with respect to the first transmitted signal at said fourth output port, and means for transmitting the second input signal from said second input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the second transmitted signal at said fourth by 90°
with respect to the second transmitted signal at said third port.
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Abstract
An array antenna system has been described incorporating a plurality of antenna elements each having two quarter wave patches or monopoles for radiating microwave energy in a forward and reverse direction, a first and second beam forming network coupled to a coupler for each antenna element, wherein microwave energy coupled to the antenna element from one beam forming network couples lagging phase to one of the two quarter wave patches and from the second beam forming network couples lagging phase to the other quarter wave patch. The invention overcomes the problem of antenna utilization by providing two autonomous beam patterns with independent control or for overcoming the problem of antenna pattern performance by providing a second pattern which may be combined with the first pattern to provide, for example, an improved front-to-back ratio.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. Apparatus for radiating microwave energy comprising:
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an array of antenna elements, a plurality of couplers each having first and second input ports and third and fourth output ports, each said coupler having said third port coupled to one of said antenna elements and said fourth port coupled to another one of said antenna elements to form a plurality of antenna subarrays, each antenna element of each said subarray positioned substantially a quarter wavelength apart from the other antenna element at a desired operating frequency, a first beam forming network for generating a plurality of first input signals representative of a first predetermined pattern to be radiated, and a second beam forming network for generating a plurality of second input signals representative of a second predetermined pattern to be radiated, said plurality of first input signals coupled to said first input port of said plurality of couplers, respectively, said plurality of second input signals coupled to said second input port of said plurality of couplers, respectively, each said coupler including means for transmitting the first input signal from said first input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the first transmitted signal at said third output port by 90°
with respect to the first transmitted signal at said fourth output port, and means for transmitting the second input signal from said second input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the second transmitted signal at said fourth by 90°
with respect to the second transmitted signal at said third port. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. Apparatus for radiating microwave energy comprising:
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a ground conductor having a first and second surface, a plurality of antenna elements positioned above said first surface, each said antenna element having first and second radiators spaced substantially a quarter wavelength apart from each other at a desired operating frequency, a plurality of couplers, one for each antenna element, each coupler having first through fourth ports, said first port coupled to one of a plurality of first input signals to be radiated, said second port coupled to one of a plurality of second input signals to be radiated, said third port coupled to said first radiator of a respective antenna element, said fourth port coupled to said second radiator of said respective antenna element, a first beam forming network for generating said plurality of first input signals representative of a first predetermined pattern to be radiated, and a second beam forming network for generating said plurality of second input signals representative of a second predetermined pattern to be radiated, each said coupler including means for transmitting the first input signal from said first input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the first transmitted signal at said third output port by 90°
with respect to the first transmitted signal at said fourth output port, and means for transmitting the second input signal from said second input port to said third and fourth output ports and for shifting the second transmitted signal at said fourth port by 90°
with respect to the second transmitted signal at said third port.
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Specification
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Current AssigneeRaytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
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Original AssigneeAlliedsignal Inc. (Honeywell International Inc.)
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InventorsTresselt, Carl P.
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Primary Examiner(s)Sikes, William L.
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Assistant Examiner(s)Wise, Robert E.
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Application NumberUS06/669,555Time in Patent Office2,161 DaysField of Search343/700 MS, 343/829, 343/830, 343/853US Class Current343/700.0MSCPC Class CodesH01Q 25/00 Antennas or antenna systems...H01Q 25/02 providing sum and differenc...H01Q 9/285 Planar dipole H01Q9/065 tak...
