Secure optical-fiber communication system

• US 4,965,856 A
• Filed: 05/23/1989
• Issued: 10/23/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Arbus Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Arbus Incorporated
• Inventors: Swanic, Anthony
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sutcliffe, Geoff
• Application Number:
  US07/355,460
• Time in Patent Office: 518 Days
• Field of Search: 455/617, 340/555, 340/556, 340/557, 370/3, 379/35
• US Class Current: 398/40
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/00 Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2210/08 Shut-down or eye-safety

Abstract

A data signal and a reference signal are multiplexed into a fiber optic communications link for transmission from a first secure location to a seond location. A replica of the reference signal is transmitted from the first location to the second location over a separate communication channel. At the second location, the angular phase difference between the reference signal and the replica thereof is continuously monitored. If the angular phase difference departs significantly from a specified value, an alarm is set as a warning that the fiber optic communications link has been compromised.

Claims

1. A system for alerting a user to the fact of an unauthorized tapping of an optical fiber communication system, comprising:

a means for generating data signals;

means for modulating a first optical carrier signal with said data signals;

means for providing a reference signal;

means for modulating a second optical carrier signal by said reference signal;

means for multiplexing the first and second modulated optical carrier signals into a fiber optic communication link;

means, coupled to said fiber optic communications link, for receiving, demultiplexing and demodulating the first and second modulated optical carrier signals to recover the data and reference signals;

means for providing a replica of said reference signal;

means for measuring the phase difference between the recovered reference signal and the replica of said reference signal as received over a communications link that is physically separate from said fiber optic communication link, there being an effective path-length difference therebetween; and

means for creating an alert signal when the measured phase difference between the recovered reference signal and the received replica of the reference signal becomes non-zero.

2. The system as defined by claim 1, wherein:

the first and second optical carrier signals are characterized by first and second wavelengths respectively; and

the multiplexing and demultiplexing means provide wavelength-division multiplexing and demultiplexing capabilities.

3. The system as defined by claim 2, further comprising:

a phase compensating means, coupled to the phase difference measuring means, for equalizing the effective path-length difference between the fiber optic communications link and the physically separate communication link.

4. A method for detecting unauthorized eavesdropping on a fiber optic communications link, comprising:

at a first location, generating a data signal;

modulating a first optical carrier signal by said data signal;

generating a reference signal;

modulating a second optical carrier signal by said reference signal;

multiplexing the first and second modulated optical carrier signals into a fiber optic communications link and transmitting said first and second modulated optical carrier signals to a second location;

transmitting a replica of said reference signal to said second location;

at said second location, receiving and demodulating the first and second modulated optical carrier signals, receiving the transmitted replica of said reference signal and measuring the angular phase difference between the received replica of said reference signal and the demodulated second modulated optical carrier signal; and

generating an alarm signal when the measured angular phase difference becomes non-zero.

5. The method as defined by claim 4, wherein:

said first and second optical carrier signals are characterized by first and second wavelengths.

6. The method as defined by claim 5, wherein:

the first and second modulated optical carrier signals are respectively multiplexed and demultiplexed by use of wavelength-division multiplexing technology.

7. The method as defined by claim 6, comprising the step of:

transmitting the replica of the reference signal over a communications channel that is physically separate from the fiber optic communication link.

8. The method as defined by claim 7, comprising the step of:

compensating for the phase difference between an reference signal and the replica thereof due to the effective signal path-length difference presented by the reference signal communcations channel and the fiber optic communication link.

9. A system for monitoring signal security in a fiber-optic communication system, comprising:

a transmitter, the transmitter including at least

(a) means for generating a data signal,

(b) means for modulating a first optical carrier signal by said data signal,

(c) means for generating a UHF reference signal,

(d) means for modulating a second optical carrier signal by a first portion of said reference signal,

(e) means for multiplexing the first and second modulated optical carrier signals into a fiber optic communications link;

a receiver, the receiver being interconnected with said transmitter by said fiber optic communications link;

a telemetric link interconnecting said transmitter with said receiver, said telemetric link being adapted to transfer a second portion of said reference signal from said transmitter to said receiver;

said receiver including at least

(f) means for demultiplexing said first and second modulated optical carrier signals received over said fiber optic communications link,

(g) means for demodulating the demultiplexed first and second modulated optical carrier signals,

(h) a signal utilization device for receiving the data signals extracted from the demodulated first optical carrier signal,

(i) a phase discriminator for receiving as inputs, the first portion of the reference signal, as extracted from the demodulated second carrier signal, and the second portion of said reference signal as received over said telemetric link, and

(j) means for providing an alarm signal when the two inputs become out of phase with each other.

10. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, comprising:

means included with said receiver for compensating for the phase difference between the first and second portions of the reference signal, due to an effective signal path-length difference of the fiber optic communication link and the telemetric link.

11. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, wherein:

the first and second optical carrier signals are characterized by first and second wavelengths; and

said multiplexing and demultiplexing means are wavelength-division multiplexers/demultiplexers.

12. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, wherein:

said transmitter and receiver are configured as a full duplex communications system.

13. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, wherein:

the telemetric link is physically separate from the fiber optic communications link.

14. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, wherein:

the telemetric link is a wire-line.

15. The communication security monitoring system as defined by claim 9, wherein:

the telemetric link is ethereal.

16. The communications security monitoring system as defined by claim 12 wherein:

the system comprises a full duplex communications system.

17. In a communication network including at a first location, a transmitter of data signals and at a second location, a receiver of data signals, the two locations being interconnected by a fiber optic communications link, a security monitoring system, comprising:

means for modulating a first optical carrier signal of a first wavelength by the data signals;

means for generating a reference signal;

means for modulating a second optical carrier signal of a second wavelength by said reference signal;

means for wavelength-division multiplexing the first and second modulated optical carrier signals into the fiber optic communication link;

means at the receiver location for receiving, demultiplexing and demodulating said first and second modulated optical carrier signals to recover the data and reference signals;

means for transmitting a replica of said reference signal over a telemetric link from said first location to said second location;

means for measuring the relative phase angle between the recovered reference signal and a received replica thereof; and

means for generating an alarm signal if the measured phase angle exceeds an excepted range of tolerance around zero degrees.