Variable pitch arrangement for a gas turbine engine

• US 4,968,217 A
• Filed: 09/06/1989
• Issued: 11/06/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Rolls-Royce PLC (Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc)
• Original Assignee: Rolls-Royce PLC (Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc)
• Inventors: Newton, Arnold C.
• Primary Examiner(s): KWON, JOHN
• Application Number:
  US07/403,376
• Time in Patent Office: 426 Days
• Field of Search: 416/130, 416/158, 416/160, 416/147, 416/157 A, 416/157 B, 416/129, 416/130
• US Class Current: 416/160
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 11/32 mechanical
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 1/30 characterised by having a single rotor operable in either direction of rotation, e.g. by reversing of blades combinations of machines or engines F01D13/00
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 7/00 Rotors with blades adjustable in operation; Control thereof for reversing F01D1/30
• CPC Class Codes: F02K 1/66 using reversing fan blades
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 29/323 adjustable
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/36 specially adapted for the fan of turbofan engines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/74 by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/76 the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources

Abstract

A variable pitch arrangement to enable reverse pitch settings of fan blades to be achieved without the leading and trailing edges of adjacent fan blades abutting each other comprises two sets of fan blades and two sets of actuators. The two sets of fan blades are rotatably mounted on the fan rotor, and arranged circumferentially on the fan rotor. The blades in the first set of fan blades are arranged alternately circumferentially with the blades in the second set of fan blades. There are equal numbers of blades in each set of fan blades. The two sets of actuators act independently of each other on the two sets of fan blades such that the pitch of the blades in the first set and the pitch of the blades in the second set are varied in a phased relation to prevent fouling of the blades. Initially one set of blades varies pitch quickly while the other set of blades varies pitch slowly, and then the first set of blades varies pitch slowly while the other set of blades varies pitch quickly.

Claims

1. A variable pitch arrangement for a gas turbine engine comprising:

a rotor having an axis of rotation;

a plurality of first blades being arranged circumferentially on and extending radially from the rotor, the plurality of first blades being rotatably mounted on the rotor to allow the pitch of the first blades to be varied, wherein each first blade has a circular root portion having gear teeth on at least a portion of its circumference, a leading edge and a trailing edge;

a plurality of second blades being arranged circumferentially on and extending radially from the rotor, the plurality of second blades being rotatably mounted on the rotor to allow the pitch of the second blade'"'"'s to be varied, wherein each second blade has a circular root portion having gear teeth on at least a portion of its circumference, a leading edge and a trailing edge;

wherein the plurality of first blades and the plurality of second blades are arranged to e rotatably mounted in a plane substantially perpendicular to ht axis of rotation of the rotor, and arranged alternately circumferentially, the number of second blades being equal to the number of first blades

first actuator means being arranged to vary the pitch of the plurality of first blades only, the first actuator comprising a first annular member having gear teeth on its circumference which mesh only with the gear teeth on the root portions of the first blades;

second actuator means being arranged to vary the pitch of the plurality of second blades only, the second actuator comprising a second annular member having gear teeth on its circumference which mesh only with the gear teeth on the root portions of the second blades;

wherein the first actuator means and the second actuator means vary the pitch of the first blades and the second blades independently of each other so that ht leading edges of the first blades are prevented from contacting the trailing edges of the second blades.

2. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first actuator comprises a first drive shaft to drive the first annular member.

3. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second actuator comprises a second drive shaft to drive the second annular member.

4. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 3, further comprising motor means for driving the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft independently and in opposite directions.

5. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein the motor means comprises a first hydraulic motor for driving the first drive shaft in a first direction and a second hydraulic motor for driving the second drive shaft independently of, and in an opposite direction from, the first drive shaft.

6. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first annular member is a ring gear having teeth on all of its circumference.

7. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second annular member is a ring gear having teeth on all of its circumference.

8. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first ring gear is positioned axially downstream of the first and second blades, the second ring gear is positioned axially upstream of the first and second blades, the root portions of the first blades not having gear teeth over a portion of their circumferences, the portions of the root portions of the first blades not having gear teeth being arranged to abut and to react loads into the second drive shaft, the root portions of the second blades not having gear teeth over a portion of their circumferences, the portions of the root portions of the second blades not having gear teeth being arranged to abut and to react loads into the first drive shaft.

9. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first annular member has a plurality of first sectors and a plurality of second sectors, the first sectors and second sectors being arranged alternately circumferentially, the first sectors having gear teeth which mesh with the gear teeth on the root portions of the first blades and the second sectors being smooth.

10. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the second annular member has a plurality of first sectors and a plurality of second sectors, the first sectors and second sectors being arranged alternately circumferentially, the first sectors having gear teeth which mesh with the gear teeth on the root portions of the second blades and the second sectors being smooth.

11. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 10, wherein eh first and second annular member are positioned respectively axially downstream and upstream of the first and second blades, wherein the circumferences of the root portions of the first blades have smooth portions which are arranged to abut the second sectors of the second annular member, and the circumferences of the root portions of the second blades have smooth portions which are arranged to abut the second sectors of the first annular member.

12. A variable pitch arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor is a fan rotor, and the first and second blades are fan blades.