Embedment of data in a video signal

• US 4,969,041 A
• Filed: 09/23/1988
• Issued: 11/06/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tektronix Incorporated (Fortive Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Dubner Computer Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: O'Grady, William J., Dubner, Robert J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shepperd, John W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Parker, Michael D.
• Application Number:
  US07/248,053
• Time in Patent Office: 774 Days
• Field of Search: 358/84, 358/86, 358/141, 358/142, 358/146, 455/2
• US Class Current: 348/473
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2005/91321 the copy protection signal being a copy protection control signal, e.g. a record inhibit signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2005/9135 by superimposing the spectrally spread copy protection signal onto the video signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/913 for scrambling ; for copy protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/08 Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band , e.g. by time division H04N7/007 takes precedence

Abstract

Data is embedded in a video signal by adding a low level wavefrom to the video signal, the low level wave form having a level below the noise level of the video signal and corresponding to the data. To detect the data embedded in the video signal the video signal is correlated with the low level waveform corresponding to the data to produce a correlation coefficient. A high correlation coefficient indicates the presence of a low level waveform which is converted into the data. The low level waveform extends over many video lines such that it does not occur at or near the same location within a video frame for many video frames to avoid fixed-pattern noise anomalies that may be detected by a viewer of the television picture.

Claims

1. An apparatus for embedding data in a video signal having an active video portion comprising:

means for generating a low level waveform representing a unique digital data word and having a level below the noise level of the video signal; and

means for combining the low level waveform with the active video portion in an unobtrusive manner, the low level waveform extending over a plurality of video lines of the video signal in such a manner that it does not occur at or near the same position of a video frame for many video frames to avoid a fixed-pattern anomaly that is detectable by an observer.

2. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 where the generating means comprises:

means for storing the low level waveform; and

means for addressing the storing means so that the low level waveform is read out from the storing means for input to the combining means during the active video portion.

3. An apparatus for detecting data embedded in a video signal comprising:

means for correlating the video signal with a low level waveform corresponding to a unique data word to be detected to produce a correlation coefficient; and

means for outputting the unique data word when the correlation coefficient is high.

4. An apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein the correlating means comprises:

means for multiplying the video signal with the low level waveform; and

means for integrating the resulting product from the multiplying means over a specified period of time to produce the correlation coefficient.

5. An apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein the outputting means comprises:

means for comparing the correlation coefficient with a threshold value so that when the correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold value an identification code corresponding to the low level waveform is produced; and

means for converting the identification code to the unique data word.

6. A system for transmitting data within a video signal having an active video portion comprising:

means for unobtrusively embedding in the active video portion a low level waveform corresponding to a unique data word, the low level waveform having a level below the noise level of the video signal and extending over a plurality of video lines of the video signal in such a manner that it does not occur at or near the same position of a video frame for many video frames to avoid a fixed-pattern anomaly that is detectable by an observer; and

means for detecting the low level waveform within the active video portion to recover the unique data word.

7. A system as recited in claim 6 wherein the embedding means comprises:

means for generating the low level waveform; and

means for combining the low level waveform with the active video portion in an unobtrusive manner.

8. A system as recited in claim 7 wherein the generating means comprises:

means for storing the low level waveform; and

means for addressing the storing means so that the low level waveform is read out from the storing means for input to the combining means during the active video portion.

9. A system as recited in claim 6 wherein the detecting means comprises:

means for correlating the video signal with the low level waveform corresponding to the unique data word to be detected to produce a correlation coefficient; and

means for outputting the unique data word when the correlation coefficient is high.

10. A system as recited in claim 9 wherein the correlating means comprises:

means for multiplying the video signal with the low level waveform; and

means for integrating the resulting product from the multiplying means over a specified period of time to produce the correlation coefficient.

11. A system as recited in claim 9 wherein the outputting means comprises:

means for comparing the correlation coefficient with a threshold value so that when the correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold value an identification code corresponding to the low level waveform is produced; and

means for converting the identification code to the unique data word.

12. A method of embedding data in a video signal having an active video portion comprising the steps of:

generating a low level waveform representing a unique digital data word and having a level below the noise level of the video signal; and

combining the low level waveform with the active video portion in an unobtrusive manner, the low level waveform extending over a plurality of video lines of the video signal in such a manner that it does not occur at or near the same position of a video frame for many video frames to avoid a fixed-pattern anomaly that is detectable by a observer.

13. A method as recited in claim 12 where the generating step comprises the steps of:

storing the low level waveform; and

addressing the stored low level waveform so that the low level waveform is read out for input to the combining step during the active video portion.

14. A method of detecting data embedded in a video signal comprising the steps of:

correlating the video signal with a low level waveform corresponding to a unique data word to be detected to produce a correlation coefficient; and

outputting the unique data word when the correlation coefficient is high.

15. A method as recited in claim 14 wherein the correlating step comprises the steps of:

multiplying the video signal with the low level waveform; and

integrating the resulting produce from the multiplying step over a specified period of time to produce the correlation coefficient.

16. A method as recited in claim 14 wherein the outputting step comprises the steps of:

comparing the correlation coefficient with a threshold value so that when the correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold value an identification code corresponding to the low level waveform is produced; and

converting the identification code to the unique data word.

17. A method of transmitting data within an active portion of a video signal comprising the steps of:

unobtrusively embedding in the active portion a low level waveform corresponding to a unique data word, the low level waveform having a level below the noise level of the video signal and extending over a plurality of video lines of the video signal in such a manner that it does not occur at or near the same position of a video frame for many video frames to avoid a fixed-pattern anomaly that is detectable by an observer; and

detecting the low level waveform within the active portion to recover the unique data word.

18. A method as recited in claim 17 wherein the embedding step comprises the steps of:

generating the low level waveform; and

combining the low level waveform with the active portion in an unobtrusive manner.

19. A method as recited in claim 18 wherein the generating step comprises the steps of:

storing the low level waveform; and

addressing the stored low level waveform so that the low level waveform is read out for input to the combining step during the active portion.

20. A method as recited in claim 17 wherein the detecting step comprises the steps of:

correlating the video signal with the low level waveform corresponding to the unique data word to be detected to produce a correlation coefficient; and

outputting the unique data word when the correlation coefficient is high.

21. A method as recited in claim 20 wherein the correlating step comprises the steps of:

multiplying the video signal with the low level waveform; and

integrating the resulting product from the multiplying step over a specified period of time to produce the correlation coefficient.

22. A method as recited in claim 20 wherein the outputting step comprises the steps of:

comparing the correlation coefficient with a threshold value so that when the correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold value an identification code corresponding to the low level waveform is produced; and

converting the identification code to the unique data word.