Nonisotropic solution polarizable material and electrical components produced therefrom

• US 4,974,118 A
• Filed: 08/21/1989
• Issued: 11/27/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 02/20/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Colgate-Palmolive Company
• Original Assignee: Colgate-Palmolive Company
• Inventors: Rounds, Rhyta S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Donald A.
• Application Number:
  US07/396,482
• Time in Patent Office: 463 Days
• Field of Search: 361/311-315, 361/323, 361/321, 252/62.2
• US Class Current: 361/311
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/58 Liquid electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/62 characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 4/04 Liquid dielectrics
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/022 Electrolytes; Absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/36 Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 14/00 Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M6/00 - H01M12/00; Manufacture thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/045 characterised by aqueous electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/166 by the solute
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/168 by additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/22 Immobilising of electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

A polarizable material that includes a nonisotropic solution useful for making electrical devices. In one embodiment, the polarizable material is comprised of commercially available solid bar soap, neat soap or a polymorphic solid solution and employed as the dielectric in a capacitor or an electrolyte in a supercapacitor. In another embodiment the nonisotropic solution is employed as an electrolyte in an electrochemical battery.

Claims

1. An electrical device comprising an electrical transmission means connected to a nonisotropic compound selected from the group consisting of nonionic, cationic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide polymers and copolymers.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the polyethylene oxide polymer includes C₅ to C₂₀ alkyl group and at least two ethylene oxide groups.

3. The device of claims 1 or 2 wherein said nonisotropic compound further includes a liquid.

4. The device of claim 6 wherein said nonisotropic compound is selected from the group consisting of solutions having a liquid crystal microstructure and polymorphic solid micellar solutions.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein said liquid further includes an electrolyte.

6. The device of claim 1 wherein said nonisotropic compound has a lamellar liquid crystal microstructure.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein said nonisotropic compound further includes a polar liquid.

8. The device of claim 7 wherein the polar liquid is water.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein said polar liquid further includes an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and alkanolammonium salts.

10. The device of claim 8 wherein said polar liquid further includes an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of sodium, lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium salts.

11. The device of claim 7 wherein the nonisotropic compound includes about 6 to about 80% wt water.

12. The device of claim 1 wherein said nonisotropic compound has a microstructure selected from the group consisting of neat, subneat, superwaxy, waxy, subwaxy and middle soaps.

13. The device of claim 1 wherein the device is a capacitor.

14. An electrical device comprising an electrical transmission means connected to a nonisotropic compound selected from the group consisting of cesium meristate, ammonium laurate, triethanolamine stearate, and triethanolamine laurate.