Elastomer encased active ingredients

• US 4,975,270 A
• Filed: 04/21/1987
• Issued: 12/04/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 04/21/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hershey Chocolate & Confectionery Corporation (The Hershey Company)
• Original Assignee: Nabisco Foods Company Limited (Mondelez International, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kehoe, Gary S.
• Primary Examiner(s): GRIFFIN, RONALD
• Application Number:
  US07/040,970
• Time in Patent Office: 1,323 Days
• Field of Search: 424/48, 424/440, 424/441, 424/490, 424/493, 424/43, 424/438, 424/439, 424/442, 426/3, 426/801, 131/352
• US Class Current: 424/48
• CPC Class Codes: A23G 3/54 Composite products, e.g. layered, coated, filled
• CPC Class Codes: A23G 4/20 Composite products, e.g. centre-filled , multi-layer, laminated
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2002/00 Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2200/044 Colouring
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2200/16 Taste affecting agent
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2200/224 Encapsulating agent
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/1614 Sodium
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/18 Lipids
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/242 Acesulfame K, acetylsulfame
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/2482 Aspartam
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/26 Saccharin
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/30 Other Organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/6406 Glycerol
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/6408 Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/642 Sorbitol
• CPC Class Codes: A23V 2250/70 Vitamins
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/1635 obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 426/801 Pediatric

Abstract

Active ingredients useful in chewable articles of commerce are physically encased in non-porous, chewable, particles of elastomer and such particles are then incorporated in the articles of commerce. During mastication of the chewable article of commerce the active ingredient is released from the elastomer particles over a prolonged period of time. The active ingredients would include flavorants, intense sweeteners, colorants, medicaments, effervescent agents and tobacco.

Claims

1. A solid non-porous, chewable, particle of a food grade elastomer based encapsulating composition, said encapsulating composition being a water insoluble elastomer selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, styrene butadiene, rubber, chicle, crown gum nispero, balato, jetulong, pendare, perillo, niger, gutta, tunic, leche caspi, sorva, and gutta hank kang and having encased therein one or more active ingredients employed in chewable products, and solid particle of encapsulating composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said particle of encapsulating composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredient being encased in said solid particle of encapsulating composition so as to facilitate and release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time in a chewable environment.

2. A solid particle as in claim 1 which has a particle size of about 400 to 900 microns.

3. A solid particle as in claim 1 in which said elastomer is plasticized with about 1 to 15 weight % of one or more food grade plasticizers therefor.

4. A solid particle as in claim 1 which further comprises about 1 to 30 weight % of one or more food grade fillers.

5. A solid particle as in claim 1 in which said active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of intense sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, medicaments, tobacco and effervescent agents.

6. A chewable product having extended active ingredient release characteristics and comprising at least one active ingredient therefor physically encapsulated in non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chicle, crown gum, nispero, balato, jetulong, pendare, perillo, niger, gutta, tunic, leche caspi, sorva, and gutta hank kang, said solid particles of elastomer having a particle size of about 400 to 900 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer and being about 25 to 500 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particle of elastomer so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

7. A chewable product as in claim 6 selected from comestible, semi-comestible and non-comestible products.

8. A chewable product as in claim 7 which is a comestible product.

9. A chewable product as in claim 7 which is a semi-comestible product.

10. A chewable product as in claim 7 which is a non-comestible product.

11. A chewable product as in claim 9 which is chewing gum.

12. A chewable product as in claim 9 which is chewing gum and said active ingredient comprises as least one intense sweetener.

13. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises aspartame.

14. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises saccharin.

15. A chewable product as in claim 12 which is chewing gum and said active ingredient comprises as least one colorant.

16. A chewable product as in claim 15 in which said colorant is adapted to streak during the mastication of said product.

17. A chewable product as in claim 15 in which said colorant is adapted to provide a speckled appearance during the mastication of said product.

18. A chewable product as in claim 16 which is bubble gum.

19. A chewable product as in claim 17 which is bubble gum.

20. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises as least one flavorant.

21. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises at least one effervescent agent.

22. A chewable product as in claim 21 in which said effervescent agent is adapted to generate CO₂ during the mastication of said product.

23. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises tobacco.

24. A chewable product as in claim 12 in which said active ingredient comprises as least one medicament.

25. A chewable product as in claim 9 in which a plurality of said active ingredients are employed therein.

26. A chewable product as in claim 25 in which said plurality of active ingredients comprise two or more of intense sweetener, colorant, flavorant, medicament, tobacco and effervescent agent.

27. A chewable product as in claim 11 which is bubble gum.

28. A chewable product as in claim 11 which is regular chewing gum.

29. A chewable product as in claim 6 in which said active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of flavorants, intense sweeteners, colorants, medicaments, effervescent agents and tobacco.

30. A chewable product as in claim 29 in which said active ingredient is an intense sweetener.

31. A chewable product as in claim 30 in which said active ingredient is aspartame.

32. A chewable product as in claim 30 in which said active ingredient is acid saccharin or a salt thereof.

33. A process for extending the release time of an active ingredient in a chewable product which comprises physically encapsulating at least one of said active ingredients in particles of water-insoluble elastomer selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chicle, crown gum, nispero, balato, jetulong, pendare, perillo, niger, gutta, tunic, leche caspi, sorva, and gutta hand kang prior to the formulating of said active ingredient into, and the masticating of said active ingredient from, said chewable product, whereby the rate of release of said active ingredient from said chewable product is retarded due to the need to first masticate said active ingredient from said elastomer particles, said elastomer particles having a size of about 100 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer and being about 10 to 1000 microns.

34. In a process for encapsulating at least one active ingredient for a chewable product so as to extend the release time of said active ingredient from said chewable product the improvement comprising physically encapsulating said active ingredient in non-porous, chewable, particles of a food grade water-insoluble elastomer selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chicle, crown gum, nispero, balato, jetulong, pendare, perillo, niger, gutta, tunic, leche caspi, sorva, and gutta hand kang and then incorporating the encapsulated active ingredient in said chewable product, said particles of elastomer having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer and being about 10 to 1000 microns.

35. A chewable product designed for canine or feline use and comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and comprising an elastomer selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chicle, crown gum, nispero, balato, jetulong, pendare, perillo, niger, gutta, tunic, leche caspi, sorva, and gutta hand kang and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particle of elastomer so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

36. A process for physically encapsulating at least one active ingredient for chewable products selected from the group consisting of flavorants, sweeteners, colorants, medicaments, tobacco and effervescent agents which comprises

admixing said active ingredient with a continuous phase of elastomer to form a homogeneous dispersion of said active ingredient in said elastomer,

cooling said homogeneous dispersion to below the brittle point thereof, and

pulverizing the embrittled dispersion to form non-porous particles thereof having an average particle size of about 200 to 1200 μ

m.

37. A chewing tobacco product comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer based composition encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer based composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer based composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particles of elastomer based composition so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

38. A chewable bolus comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer based composition encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer based composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer based composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particles of elastomer based composition so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

39. A chewable non-consumable baby product comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer based composition encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer based composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer based composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particles of elastomer based composition so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

40. An athletic mouthpiece comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer based composition encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer based composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer based composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particles of elastomer based composition so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

41. An animal bit comprising a plurality of non-porous, chewable, particles of a water-insoluble elastomer based composition encased active ingredient, said solid particles of elastomer based composition having a particle size of about 200 to 1200 microns and said active ingredient being in the form of a liquid or a solid and when in solid form having a particle size less than that of said solid particles of elastomer based composition and being about 10 to 1000 microns, said active ingredients being encapsulated in said solid particles of elastomer based composition so as to facilitate the release of said active ingredient over a prolonged period of time when said product is chewed.

42. A process for physically encapsulating at least one additive in a water-insoluble elastomeric matrix which comprises

admixing said additive with a continuous water-insoluble phase of elastomer to form a homogeneous dispersion of said additive in said elastomer,

cooling said homogeneous dispersion to below the brittle point thereof, and

pulverizing the embrittled dispersion to form non-porous particles thereof having an average particle size of about 200 to 1200 μ

m.

43. A process as in claim 42 in which said additive is a food grade material.

44. A process as in claim 43 in which said elastomer is a food grade material.