Accompaniment line principal tone determination system

• US 4,977,812 A
• Filed: 09/27/1989
• Issued: 12/18/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Inventors: Ino, Mayumi
• Primary Examiner(s): Witkowski, Stanley J.
• Application Number:
  US07/413,546
• Time in Patent Office: 447 Days
• Field of Search: 84/609-614, 84/618, 84/634-638, 84/656, 84/DIG. 2, 84/DIG. 12, 84/DIG. 22, 84/649-652, 84/666-669
• US Class Current: 84/634
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/36 Accompaniment arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/081 for automatic key or tonality recognition, e.g. using musical rules or a knowledge base
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/576 Chord progression
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/02 Preference networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/22 Chord organs

Abstract

A system for automatically determining principal tones of an accompaniment line supporting a melodic line comprises a plurality of principal tone inference engines which after principal tones in accordance with different rules of inference from one another and a priority control which controls priorities among the plurality of inference engines to determine final principal tones in the accompaniment line. Each principal tone inference engine may include a condition checker which checks to see whether musical conditions are met and a principal tone generator which generates principal tones. The priority control monitors the information supplied from the condition checkers to select final principal tones supplied from the principal tone generators. Some of the final principal tones may be dependent from the preceding principal tone while some others may be independent. There may be also be provided a storage of the structure of music which is reflected in a series of the final principal tones. In an application, a melodic line monitor is provided so that an accompaniment line interacting with the melody will be generated.

Claims

1. A system for determining a principal tone for each of a plurality of segments of an accompaniment line, in an environment wherein data of music are provided before said principal tone is determined, comprising:

hierarchic structure means for defining, as at least part of said data of music, a hierarchic structure of segments of music; and

principal tone inference means for generating an output signal based on inferring a principal tone for a segment of interest among said segments of music, in accordance with said hierarchic structure defined by said hierarchic structure means, whereby a principal tone is determined by said principal tone inference means for each of said plurality of segments of the accompaniment line.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein:

said hierarchic structure means includes means for defining a past segment of music having the same hierarchic level as a segment of interest; and

said principal tone inference means includes means for inferring a principal tone of said segment of interest in a form dependent on a principal tone determined for said past segment having the same hierarchic level as said segment of interest.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein:

a piece of music includes segments each having the same hierarchic level as an immediately preceding segment, and other segments each having the same hierarchic level as a like segment in a like musical phrase; and

said principal tone inference means includes;

immediate dependent inference means for inferring, when a segment of interest has the same hierarchic level as the immediate preceding segment, a principal tone for said segment of interest by reference to a principal tone determined for said immediately preceding segment; and

past phrase dependent inference means for inferring, when a segment of interest has the same heirarchic level as a like segment in a like musical phrase, a principal tone for said segment of interest to be tone related to the principal tone determined for said related segment in the past.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein

the first and last segments of a piece of music are assigned the highest hierarchic level;

and

said principal tone inference means includes means for inferring, when a segment of interest is said first or last segment of said piece of music, a principal tone for said segment of interest to be a root.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein:

said hierarchic structure means includes musical form memory means for storing a type of each musical phrase and a first segment number of each musical phrase; and

said principal tone inference means includes;

segment matching means for reading out data of said musical form memory means and for checking as to whether a segment of interest is a first segment of a musical phrase of a certain type; and

executing means for inferring, when it has been found by segment matching means that said segment of interest is said first segment of said musical phrase of a certain type, a tone related to a principal tone determined for a first segment of a past musical phrase of a related type to be a principal tone for said segment of interest.