Aliquoting of serial liquid samples

• US 4,979,402 A
• Filed: 01/12/1989
• Issued: 12/25/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Aligual, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Norman E. Bullock, Will G. Ryan
• Inventors: Bullock, Norman E., Ryan, Will G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Noland, Tom
• Application Number:
  US07/296,424
• Time in Patent Office: 712 Days
• Field of Search: 73/864.64, 73/864.63, 73/864.51, 73/864.91, 73/863, 422/100, 422/102, 422/103, 128/760-771, 436/174, 436/180
• US Class Current: 73/863
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/007 for taking urine samples measuring urological functions A61B5/20; genital receptacles A61F5/451; urinals for bed-ridden persons A61G9/006
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2050/0064 by screwing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2050/0083 Snap connection
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/00 Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502 with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures centrifugal-type cuvettes G01N21/07; analysis by separation into components G01N30/00; automatic analysers G01N35/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/10 in the liquid or fluent state burettes, pipettes B01L3/02; sampling of ground water E02D1/06; metering by volume of fluids or fluent solid material G01F11/00, G01F13/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/1032 Dilution or aliquotting

Abstract

An apparatus and process for obtaining an aliquot of serial liquid samples. A measured aliquot of each serial liquid sample is obtained and passed to an aliquot storage chamber with discard of the remainder of each liquid sample. A liquid collection container is provided sufficiently large for the largest single liquid serial sample with a generally vertical aliquot measurement container forming at least one aliquot measurement chamber. Each aliquot measurement chamber has a cross-sectional area in the same relation to the cross-sectional area of the liquid collection chamber as the quantity of each aliquot that is desired to bear to the liquid samples. The bottom of each aliquot measurement container is in the same general horizontal plane as the bottom of the liquid collection container. In one embodiment, the apparatus and process is operated by an aliquot valve which in a first position places each aliquot measurement chamber in communication only with the liquid collection chamber and when in a second position, places each aliquot measurement chamber in communication only with a corresponding aliquot storage chamber.

Claims

1. A liquid aliquoting apparatus for obtaining an aliquot of a series of liquid samples comprising:

a liquid collection container forming a liquid collection chamber, a top portion of said liquid collection container forming an opening, said opening having a cross section large enough to accommodate a fluid sample intake into said liquid collection chamber, at least one aliquot storage container, each one forming an aliquot storage chamber below said liquid collection chamber, at least one generally vertical aliquot measurement container, each one forming an aliquot measurement chamber;

vent means positioned at a high point of each said aliquot measurement container, each said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with said liquid collection chamber through said vent means;

fill means positioned in a region of a low point of each said aliquot measurement container and said liquid collection container, each said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with said liquid collection chamber through said fill means;

drain means positioned at said low point of each said aliquot measurement container and said liquid collection container, each said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with each corresponding said aliquot storage chamber; and

volume displacement means for discharging a fluid from each said aliquot storage chamber and intaking a liquid sample from each corresponding said aliquot measurement chamber.

2. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said volume displacement means further comprise said aliquot storage container being collapsible.

3. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 2 wherein at least one side of said aliquot storage container has bellows.

4. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said liquid collection container has a liquid collection container bottom sloped downward toward said fill means.

5. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 4 further comprising a supporting rib secured between said liquid collection container bottom and an aliquot container top of said aliquot storage container.

6. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising a container top and engaging means for sealably mating said container top with an upper portion of said liquid collection container.

7. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said engaging means further comprise said container top having container top threads and said upper portion having upper portion threads sealably mateable with said container top threads.

8. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising liquid sample inlet means sealably attached to said container top and in communication with said liquid collection chamber.

9. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said liquid sample inlet means further comprise funnel means having a convergent end sealably attached to said container top.

10. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising graphic instruction means positioned on at least one liquid collection container side of said liquid collection container, said graphic instruction means indicating a direction in which the liquid aliquoting apparatus must be tipped to retain an aliquot measurement portion of said liquid sample within each said aliquot storage chamber.

11. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said graphic instruction means further comprise a directional arrow and language means for instructing a user how to properly tip and operate the liquid aliquoting apparatus.

12. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein at least one of an aliquot container bottom and an aliquot container side wall of said aliquot storage container has access means for accessing each said aliquot storage chamber.

13. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said access means further comprise at least one indent in said at least one of an aliquot container bottom and an aliquot container side wall.

14. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein an overall horizontal cross-sectional shape of the liquid aliquoting apparatus is rectangular.

15. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 14 further comprising one said aliquot storage chamber occupying a corner section of said liquid aliquoting apparatus.

16. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein an overall horizontal cross-sectional shape of the liquid aliquoting apparatus is round.

17. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said cross section of said opening is large enough to facilitate urine intake into said liquid collection container directly from human discharge.

18. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said vent means further comprise at least one vent port, each said vent port sized large enough to allow air to flow through each said vent port, and each said vent port sized small enough to retain an aliquot measurement portion of said liquid sample within each said aliquot measurement chamber when the liquid aliquoting apparatus is tilted to discharge a liquid collection portion of said liquid sample from said liquid collection chamber.

19. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 18 wherein said vent port has a round cross section with a vent port diameter in a range from about 3/128 inch to about 5/128 inch.

20. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 19 wherein said vent port diameter is about 1/32 inch.

21. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said fill means further comprise at least one fill port, each said fill port sized large enough to allow said liquid sample to seek an equilibrium level within said liquid collection chamber and each said aliquot measurement chamber, and each said fill port sized small enough to retain an aliquot measurement portion of said liquid sample within each said aliquot measurement chamber when the liquid aliquoting apparatus is tilted to discharge a liquid collection portion of said liquid sample from said liquid collection chamber.

22. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 21 wherein said fill port has a round cross section with a fill port diameter in a range from about 3/64 inch to about 5/64 inch.

23. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 22 wherein said fill port diameter is about 1/16 inch.

24. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said drain means further comprise a drain port sized small enough to retain said liquid sample in each said aliquot measurement chamber and said liquid collection chamber, and said drain port sized large enough to allow said liquid sample to flow through said drain port into each said aliquot measurement chamber when said volume displacement means are activated.

25. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said drain port has a round cross section with a drain port diameter in a range from about 3/100 inch to about 5/100 inch.

26. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 25 wherein said drain port diameter is about 1/25 inch.

27. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein an aliquot measurement volume of each said aliquot measurement chamber is in a range from about 1 percent to about 50 percent of a liquid collection volume of said liquid collection chamber.

28. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 27 wherein said range is about 3 percent to about 5 percent.

29. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an aminoglycoside antibiotic stored within said at least one aliquot storage chamber.

30. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 29 wherein said aminoglycoside antibiotic in a liquid form is evaporated leaving a solid form of said aminoglycoside antibiotic on at least one inner wall surface of said aliquot storage container.

31. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 29 wherein said aminoglycoside antibiotic is gentamicin.

32. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 31 wherein said gentamicin in a liquid form is evaporated leaving a solid form of said gentamicin on at least one inner wall surface of said aliquot storage container.

33. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising at least one separating wall positioned between collection container walls of said liquid collection container from a liquid collection container bottom up to less than about one-half of a height of said liquid collection chamber, said at least one separating wall forming a first number of liquid collection containers equal to a second number of said at least one aliquot measurement container.

34. A liquid aliquoting apparatus for obtaining an aliquot series of liquid samples comprising:

a liquid collection container forming a liquid collection chamber, a top portion of said liquid collection container forming an opening, said opening having a cross section large enough to accommodate a fluid sample intake into said liquid collection chamber, an aliquot storage container forming an aliquot storage chamber below said liquid collection chamber, a generally vertical aliquot measurement container forming an aliquot measurement chamber;

vent means positioned at a high point of said aliquot measurement container, said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with said liquid collection chamber through said vent means;

fill means positioned in a region of a low point of said aliquot measurement chamber and said liquid collection container, said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with said liquid collection chamber through said fill means;

drain means positioned at said low point of said aliquot measurement container and said liquid collection container, said aliquot measurement chamber in fluid communication with each corresponding said aliquot storage chamber; and

volume displacement means for discharging a fluid from said aliquot storage chamber and intaking a liquid sample from said aliquot measurement chamber.

35. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said volume displacement means further comprise said aliquot storage container being collapsible.

36. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 35 wherein at least one side of said aliquot storage container has bellows.

37. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said liquid collection container has a liquid collection container bottom sloped downward toward said fill means and a supporting rib secured between said liquid collection chamber bottom and an aliquot container top of said aliquot container.

38. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 further comprising a container top and engaging means for sealably mating said container top with an upper portion of said liquid collection container.

39. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 38 wherein said engaging means further comprise said container top having container top threads and said upper portion having upper portion threads sealably mateable with said container top threads.

40. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 38 further comprising liquid sample inlet means sealably attached to said top and in communication with said liquid collection chamber.

41. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 40 wherein said liquid sample inlet means further comprise funnel means and a convergent end of said funnel means sealably attached to said top.

42. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 further comprising graphic instruction means positioned on at least one liquid collection container side of said liquid collection container, said graphic instruction means indicating a direction in which the liquid aliquoting apparatus must be tipped to retain said liquid sample within said aliquot storage chamber.

43. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 42 wherein said graphic instruction means further comprise a directional arrow and language means for instructing a user how to properly tip and operate the liquid aliquoting apparatus.

44. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein at least one of an aliquot container bottom and an aliquot container side wall of said aliquot storage container has access means for accessing said aliquot storage chamber.

45. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 44 wherein said access means further comprise at least one indent in said at least one of an aliquot container bottom and an aliquot storage container side wall.

46. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein an overall horizontal cross-sectional shape of the liquid aliquoting apparatus is rectangular.

47. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 46 wherein said aliquot storage chamber is vertically positioned in a corner section of said liquid aliquoting apparatus.

48. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein an overall horizontal cross-sectional shape of the liquid aliquoting apparatus is round.

49. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said cross section of said opening is large enough to facilitate urine intake into said liquid collection container directly from human discharge.

50. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said vent means further comprise a vent port sized large enough to allow air to flow through said vent port, and said vent port sized small enough to retain an aliquot measurement portion of said liquid sample within said aliquot measurement chamber when the liquid aliquoting apparatus is tilted to discharge a liquid collection portion of said liquid sample from said liquid collection chamber.

51. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 50 wherein said vent port has a round cross section with a vent port diameter in a range from about 3/128 inch to about 5/128 inch.

52. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 51 wherein said vent port diameter is about 1/32 inch.

53. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said fill means further comprise a fill port sized large enough to allow said liquid sample to seek an equilibrium level within said liquid collection chamber and said aliquot measurement chamber, and said fill port sized small enough to retain an aliquot measurement portion of said liquid sample within said aliquot measurement chamber when the liquid aliquoting apparatus is tilted to discharge a liquid collection portion of said liquid sample from said liquid collection chamber.

54. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 53 wherein said fill port has a round cross section with a fill port diameter in a range from about 3/64 inch to about 5/64 inch.

55. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 54 wherein said fill port diameter is about 1/16 inch.

56. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said drain means further comprise a drain port sized small enough to retain said liquid sample in said aliquot measurement chamber and said liquid collection chamber, and said drain port sized large enough to allow said liquid sample to flow through said drain port into said aliquot measuring chamber when said volume displacement means is activated.

57. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 56 wherein said drain port has a round cross section with a drain port diameter in a range from about 3/100 inch to about 5/100 inch.

58. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 57 wherein said drain port diameter is about 1/25 inch.

59. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 wherein an aliquot measurement volume of said aliquot measurement chamber is in a range from about 1 percent to about 50 percent of a liquid collection volume of said liquid collection chamber.

60. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 59 wherein said range is about 3 percent to about 5 percent.

61. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 34 further comprising an aminoglycoside antibiotic stored within said aliquot storage chamber.

62. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 61 wherein said aminoglycoside antibiotic in a liquid form is evaporated leaving a solid form of said aminoglycoside antibiotic on at least one inner wall surface of said aliquot storage container.

63. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 61 wherein said aminoglycoside antibiotic is gentamicin.

64. A liquid aliquoting apparatus according to claim 63 wherein said gentamicin in a liquid form is evaporated leaving a solid form of said gentamicin on at least one inner wall surface of said aliquot storage container.