System for output plane calibration of an optical correlator

• US 4,980,922 A
• Filed: 05/31/1988
• Issued: 12/25/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Inventors: Leib, Kenneth G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Boudreau, Leo H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): COUSO, YON JUNG
• Application Number:
  US07/200,599
• Time in Patent Office: 938 Days
• Field of Search: 382/31, 382/30, 382/42, 350/3.82, 350/162.12, 350/162.13, 350/3.77, 356/392, 250/396 R
• US Class Current: 382/211
• CPC Class Codes: G06E 3/005 using electro-optical or opto-electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/88 Image or video recognition using optical means, e.g. reference filters, holographic masks, frequency domain filters or spatial domain filters

Abstract

A system for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional and nonlinearity information to determine the position of an input image in an input image plane of the optical correlator. The optical correlator operates on the principle of projecting the Fourier transform of an input image onto at least one matched filter having recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of an image of interest. The inverse Fourier transform of the correlated optical signal is then projected onto a detector to determine the correlation of the input image with the image of interest. A calibration image is positioned in the input image plane of the optical correlator, and includes a two dimensional array of substantially identical targets, with the precise location of each identical target in the input image plane being known. At least one matched filter is placed in the optical correlator, and has recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of the identical target. The positions of the resultant optical signals in the output correlation plane are then correlated with the position of the two dimensional array of identical targets in the input image plane to calibrate the output correlation plane of the optical correlator for positional information and nonlinearity. The calibration system of the present invention enables an optical correlator system to be precisely calibrated in a way that the system can continue to operate using the same optical computing array. The calibration system can be used with any prescribed input format, e.g. 35 mm, 70 mm, 5", etc.

Claims

1. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information to determine the position of an input image, in an input image plane, received by the optical correlator, wherein the optical correlator operates on the principle of projecting the Fourier transform of an input image onto at least one matched filter having recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of an image of interest, and then projecting the inverse Fourier transform of the correlated optical signal onto a detector to determine the correlation of the input image with the image of interest, comprising the steps of establishing a calibration image in the input image plane of the optical correlator which contains a two dimensional array of substantially identical targets positioned in symmetrically spaced x and y positions with respect to a first, horizontal axis and a second, vertical axis, with the precise location of each identical target in the input image plane being known utilizing at least one matched filter in the optical correlator having recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of the identical target, and correlating the output signals in the correlation plane to the positions of the two dimensional array of identical targets in the input image plane to calibrate the output correlation plane of the optical correlator for positional information.

2. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of establishing a calibration image comprises establishing a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images spaced along two orthogonal directions of the input image plane.

3. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane, of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of establishing a calibration image comprises establishing a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images spaced along both the x and y axes of the input image plane.

4. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of establishing a calibration image comprises establishing a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images equally spaced along both the x and y axes of the input image plane.

5. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, wherein said identical targets are identical images of an object encountered during actual industrial or commercial usage of the optical correlator, such that after the output correlation plane of the optical correlator has been calibrated for positional information to determine the position of an input image received by the optical correlator as specified herein, a change of the at least one matched filter is not required for actual industrial or commercial usage of the optical correlator, which eliminates misalignment problems caused by a change of matched filters.

6. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, said step of utilizing at least one matched filter comprising utilizing a multiple matched filter, each having a different Fourier transform hologram recorded thereon.

7. A method of calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 1, including testing the calibration results for linear and nonlinear relationships between images in the input plane and output signals in the output correlation plane.

8. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information to determine the position of an input image, in an input image plane, received by the optical correlator, wherein the optical correlator operates on the principle of projecting the Fourier transform of an input image onto at least one matched filter having recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of an image of interest, and then projecting the inverse Fourier transform of the correlated optical signal onto a detector to determine the correlation of the input image with the image of interest comprising:

a. a calibration image positioned in the input image plane of the optical correlator containing a two dimensional array of substantially identical targets, with the precise location of each identical target in the input image plane being known;

b. at least one matched filter in the optical correlator having recorded thereon the Fourier transform hologram of the identical target; and

c. means for detecting the positions of the resultant optical signals in the output correlation plane;

d. means for correlating the detected positions of the resultant optical signals in the output correlation plane with the positions of the two dimensional array of identical targets in the input image plane to calibrate the output correlation plane of the optical correlator for positional information.

9. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 8, said calibration image comprising a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images spaced along two orthogonal directions of the input image plane.

10. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 8, said calibration image comprising a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images spaced along both the x and y axes of the input image plane.

11. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 8, said calibration image comprising a calibration image having one identical image in the center of the input image plane, and a plurality of spaced identical images equally spaced along both the x and y axes of the input image plane.

12. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 8, wherein said identical targets are identical images of an object encountered during actual industrial or commercial usage of the optical correlator, such that after the output correlation plane of the optical correlator has been calibrated for positional information to determine the position of an input image received by the optical correlator as specified herein, a change of the at least one matched filter is not required for actual industrial or commercial usage of the optical correlator, which eliminates misalignment problems caused by such a change.

13. An arrangement for calibrating the output correlation plane of an optical correlator for positional information as claimed in claim 8, said at least one matched filter comprising a multiple matched filter, with each matched filter having a different Fourier transform hologram recorded thereon.