Line-sequential pyramid processing of a plurality of raster-scanned image variables

• US 4,982,283 A
• Filed: 05/06/1988
• Issued: 01/01/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Acampora, Alfonse A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kostak, Victor R.
• Application Number:
  US07/190,905
• Time in Patent Office: 970 Days
• Field of Search: 358/140, 358/160, 358/138, 358/133, 382/49, 382/56
• US Class Current: 375/240.12
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/186 the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/503 involving temporal prediction adaptive coding with adaptive selection between spatial and temporal predictive coding H04N19/107; adaptive coding with adaptive selection among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes H04N19/109
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/63 using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets

Abstract

A plurality of raster-scanned image variables are time-compressed and time-division multiplexed on a line-sequential basis for pyramid analysis. The resulting differential pulse code modulation is statistically encoded and assembled together with digital audio code and synchronizing code. The assembler supplies a serial stream of bits to a transmitter. Receiving apparatus for a video teleconferencing station includes a receiver complementary to the transmitter and a parser for separating digital codewords. Those codewords that are statistical codes descriptive of differential pulse code modulation of video are demodulated. The demodulation results are formatted for a pyramid synthesizer. The stream of samples provided as output signal from the pyramid synthesizer is time-division demultiplexed and time expanded to recover the plurality of raster-scanned image variables.

Claims

1. Apparatus for performing two-dimensional spatial-frequency filterings of each of a plurality of signals each descriptive of a raster-scanned image field sampled-data variable, said raster-scanned image field sampled-data variables having the same number of scan lines in their respective raster scans, said apparatus comprising:

a respective time compressor for each of said plurality of signals, having the capability of time compressing a full scan line of its respective signal;

means for timing the operation of said time compressors to time-division-multiplex said signals for interleaving successive ones of their respective scan lines on a cyclic basis;

thereby to form a line-sequential composite signal which is a raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields; and

a first two-dimensional spatial-frequency filter receptive of said composite signal.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said raster-scanned image field sampled-data variables are raster scanned parallel in time.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least two of said raster-scanned image field sampled-data variables have the same number of samples in each of their respective scan lines.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first two-dimensional spatial-frequency filter is one of a plurality of two-dimensional spatial-frequency filters arranged as a pyramid analyzer for analyzing said raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields into component spatial-frequency spectra in sampled-data form.

5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in combination with:

a formatter for arranging the samples of said component spatial-frequency spectra into a serial stream of samples.

6. A combination as set forth in claim 5 including:

a differential pulse code modulator for generating a differential pulse code response to said serial stream of samples.

7. A combination as set forth in claim 6 wherein said differential pulse code modulator is of a type differentially comparing samples separated by a frame time delay.

8. A combination as set forth in claim 6 further including:

means for statistically encoding said differential pulse code to generate a succession of self-parsing statistical codes.

9. A combination as set forth in claim 8 wherein said means for statistically encoding said differential pulse code includes:

a zero run length encoder for determining the lengths of runs of zeroes in said differential pulse code, and

means for selecting the statistical codes for zero-value samples in said differential pulse code dependent upon the length of zero runs in which those samples are included.

10. A sending apparatus, comprising in addition to the combination of claim 8:

means for generating digital audio codes;

means for generating synchronizing codes indicative of the framing of said raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields and of the signals derived therefrom;

means for generating a serial stream of bits from said statistical codes, said digital audio codes, and said synchronizing codes; and

a transmitter for transmitting over a data link a signal responsive to said serial stream of bits.

11. A combination of:

a pyramid synthesizer, receptive of the component spatial-frequency spectra in sampled-data form of a raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields, for synthesizing said raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields; and

a respective time decompressor for each of said plurality of side-by-side image fields, arranged to accept as its respective input signal samples descriptive of its respective image field and to provide a raster-scanned output of its respective image field synchronously with each other of said time decompressors.

12. A receiving apparatus, comprising in addition to the combination of claim 11:

a receiver for receiving from a data link a signal, responsive to which said receiver supplies a serial stream of bits;

means responsive to said serial stream of bits for separating digital audio codes, synchronizing codes indicative of the framing of said raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields, and statistical codes descriptive of a differential pulse code modulation signal encoding said raster-scanned sampled-data description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields;

means for decoding said statistical codes to recover said differential pulse code modulation signal;

a demodulator for said differential pulse code modulation signal;

a formatter for arranging data samples from said demodulator to supply to said pyramid synthesizer said component spatial-frequency spectra in sampled-data form of the raster-scanned description of a plurality of side-by-side image fields;

a video monitor for providing a display;

means for applying video input signals to said video monitor in response to the raster-scanned outputs of their respective image fields supplied by said time decompressors; and

means responsive to at least some of said synchronizing codes for supplying said video monitor information with which to synchronize its display.

13. A method for analyzing the spatial-frequency spectra of first and second raster-scanned video signals, said method comprising the steps of:

time-division multiplexing said first and second raster-scanned video signals together to form a line-sequential third raster-scanned video signal, and

performing a pyramid analysis of said third raster-scanned video signal.

14. A method for synthesizing first and second raster-scanned video signals from the spatial-frequency spectra of a third raster-scanned video signal of a type as is formed by line-sequential time-division multiplexing of said first and second raster-scanned video signals, said method comprising the steps of:

performing a pyramid synthesis of said third raster-scanned video signal from its said spatial frequency spectra,

time-division demultiplexing said third video signal for separating samples descriptive of scan lines of first video signal and samples descriptive of scan lines of second video signal, and

resampling each set of separated samples so the raster scanning of said first video signal and the raster scanning of said second video signal are in synchronism with each other.