Panoramic interactive system

• US 4,985,762 A
• Filed: 12/11/1989
• Issued: 01/15/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Horizonscan Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Horisonscan Incorporated
• Inventors: Smith, Graham T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Application Number:
  US07/448,263
• Time in Patent Office: 400 Days
• Field of Search: 358/87, 358/335, 354/95, 354/94, 354/96, 354/98, 354/99
• US Class Current: 348/39
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 37/02 with scanning movement of lens or cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/161 Encoding, multiplexing or demultiplexing different image signal components for multi-view video sequence encoding H04N19/597
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/189 Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/218 using spatial multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/221 using the relative movement between cameras and objects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/339 using spatial multiplexing H04N13/337 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/341 using temporal multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/363 using image projection screens volumetric display H04N13/388
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/398 Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for recording of a panorama or large portion thereof in a manner for display or selective display of a portion thereof on a video display device. The method initially records the panorama in a manner not suitable for video display and thereafter projects the recorded image and records the projection of the panorama in a manner suitable for selective reproduction on a video display device. The method and apparatus are particularly suitable for recording of real time panoramas where the initial recording is time dependent and occurs quickly with sufficient accuracy for effective recording of the panorama, allowing the projecting step and second recording step to be independent of the initial demanding time restraint. Staging the recording of the panorama simplifies the recording and allow specialization of the steps to improve the quality of the final reproduction. The apparatus includes a panoramic lens in combination with a camera arrangement for producing an initial record of the panorama. A projecting arrangement produces an image of the panorama recorded on record, which image is recorded by a recording device in a manner suitable for video display.

Claims

1. A method for accurately recording an image of at least 180°

, comprising;

at least a two stage method,

said first stage comprising;

recording a panorama of at least 180°

in a manner not suitable for video, said second stage comprising;

projecting the recorded image in a manner suitable for display on a cylindrical screen and recording the projected image in a manner suitable for reproducing selected portions of the recorded projected image on a video display device.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first stage records the panorama at least 180°

in a distorted form and the second stage step of projecting the recorded image reverses the distortion.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said recording step of said first stage includes using a panoramic lens to gather the image for recording.

4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said projecting step includes the use of a panoramic lens.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said method is used for recording a real time changing panorama, and

said first stage steps accurately record the changing panorama in a series of records and said second stage steps which require more time to complete utilize the series of records for converting the series into a form suitable display on a video display device.

6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said second stage uses a rotating optical slit scanner.

7. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said second stage records the panoramic image in a rectangular panoramic record.

8. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said rectangular panoramic record is stored in a frame buffer.

9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein said rectangular panoramic record is stored in said frame buffer as two equal image sections stacked one atop of the other.

10. A method of recording a panoramic image of up to 360°

comprising;

gathering such panoramic image by means of a panoramic lens and recording of the gathered panoramic image in a ring like format;

projecting the recorded panoramic image by means of a panoramic lens to produce an image which represents the panoramic image when viewed on a cylindrical screen;

sequentially recording the projected image in series format such that a selected portion of the series may be used for displaying the selected portion on a video display device.

11. A method as claimed in claim 10 for recording a real time panoramic image wherein said step of gathering and recording is repeated in a known time sequence to produce a series of recordings, and

said step of projecting is carried out as a separate operation not bound by the timing restraints of the gathering and recording step, such that the sequential recording of each recording of the series is carried out independent of time restraints of the gathering and recording step, and

introducing the appropriate timing intervals into the resulting string of series formats.

12. A method of recording a real time panoramic image sequence comprising a first and second stage,

the first stage comprising:

gathering such panoramic image sequence by means of a panoramic lens and recording the gathered panoramic image sequence by a sequence of film records, each of which accurately records one panoramic image of the panoramic image sequence, and the second stage comprises;

projecting each film record by means of a panoramic lens such that the recorded panoramic image could be reproduced on a cylindrical screen thereabout and incrementally recording the projected image with an accuracy corresponding to the film records.

13. In a method for recording a panoramic image comprising the steps of:

first recording the panoramic image in a distorted format to provide a projectable record of the panoramic image, said step of first recording requiring a short duration of time, and subsequently

projecting the projectable record in a manner to reverse the distortion of the distorted format, and

recording the projected record in a series of records which are capable of accurately reproducing selected portions of the projected record on a video display device, wherein

said step of recording the projected record in a series of records being completed in a time duration many times the short duration of time required for the first recording of the panoramic image.

14. A combination for recording a panoramic image, comprising:

a panoramic lens to scan a panorama and first recording means associated with said panoramic lens to record the image of the panorama on a recording media in a distorted form,

means for projecting the recorded image by means of at least a corresponding panoramic lens to remove the distortion, and

means for sequentially recording the projected image in a rectangular panoramic record suitable for video display.

15. A combination for accurately recording a real time panoramic image, comprising:

image gathering means including a panoramic lens to continuously view a panorama and a film recording means associated therewith for sequentially recording the image of the panorama on a film recording media in a distorted format in a known time sequence,

means for projecting the image of the panorama recorded on the recording media by means of a panoramic lens in a manner to remove distortion, and

second recording means for sequentially recording the projected image in a manner suitable for video including means for introducing the proper time sequence based on the known time sequence such that the recorded projected image corresponds with the timing of the real time panoramic image,

said second recording means not being suitable for recording a changing panorama which can be accurately recorded by said first recording means.

16. In a method for recording a real time panoramic image which changes in time for selective display on a video display device, the combination comprising:

first recording means to record the panoramic image in a manner which distorts the panoramic image to the human eye including a sequence of film records having a known time duration therebetween such that each record corresponds to the panoramic image at a single point in time, and

means for projecting each film record in a manner to produce an undistorted image corresponding to the original panoramic image and second recording means for recording each projected film record in a manner suitable for display on a video display device, wherein the second recording means requires a time duration for recording of the undistorted image many times the known time duration between film records.

17. A combination for recording a panoramic image of up to 360°

comprising;

means for gathering and recording such panoramic image in a ring like record, said means for gathering and recording including

a panoramic lens;

a projecting arrangement for projecting the recorded panoramic image including a panoramic lens to produce an image which represents the panoramic image when viewed on a cylindrical screen; and

recording means to sequentially record the projected image in series format such that a selected portion of the series may be used for displaying the selected portion on a video display device.