Fast response load sense control system

• US 4,986,071 A
• Filed: 06/05/1989
• Issued: 01/22/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Komatsu Dresser Company
• Original Assignee: Komatsu Dresser Company
• Inventors: Voss, Dennis A., Gruber, Gary A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Look, Edward K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kapsalas, George
• Application Number:
  US07/361,217
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 60/420, 60/427, 60/450, 60/452
• US Class Current: 60/420
• CPC Class Codes: E02F 9/2221 Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements E02F9/2203 take precedence over E02F9/2221
• CPC Class Codes: E02F 9/2232 using one or more variable displacement pumps
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 11/163 for sharing the pump output equally amongst users or groups of users, e.g. using anti-saturation, pressure compensation
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 11/165 for adjusting the pump output or bypass in response to demand
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/20553 with pilot circuit, e.g. for controlling a swash plate
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/253 Pressure margin control, e.g. pump pressure in relation to load pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/30555 Inlet and outlet of the pressure compensating valve being connected to the directional control valve
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/3111 the pump port being closed in the centre position, e.g. so-called closed centre
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/324 manually, e.g. by using a lever or pedal
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/351 Flow control by regulating means in feed line, i.e. meter-in control
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/50536 using unloading valves controlling the supply pressure by diverting fluid to the return line
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/55 for limiting a pressure up to a maximum pressure, e.g. by using a pressure relief valve
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6052 using check valves
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6055 using pressure relief valves
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/6058 with isolator valves
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/7053 Double-acting output members
• CPC Class Codes: F15B 2211/71 Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders

Abstract

A source of pressurized hydraulic fluid has a variable fluid output rate and a control system which varies the fluid output rate responsive to a load sense control signal, e.g., a variable displacement pump. The pressurized fluid is made available to a plurality of hydraulic actuators through a corresponding plurality of work control valves. A load sense line is utilized to sense the pressure of the fluid in each hydraulic actuator and to apply a total load sense signal to the control system. A conduit containing a pressure reducing valve provides fluid communication between the output of the source of fluid and the load sense line to pass fluid therethrough to the load sense line only when the pressure in the load sense line is less than a predetermined value. Maintaining at least this minimum pressure in the load sense line minimizes lag in the load sense signal which would otherwise occur as a result of the loss of fluid in the load sense line due to the bleeding of the load sense line.

Claims

1. Apparatus comprising a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid having an outlet with a variable fluid output rate and having a control system which varies the fluid output rate of said outlet responsive to the magnitude of fluid pressure applied to a control signal port of said control system,

at least one consumer device which consumes hydrostatic energy and has a fluid inlet, a consumer delivery line providing fluid communication between said outlet of said source of fluid and said fluid inlet of said consumer device, a process control valve operatively positioned in said consumer delivery line for selectively permitting or blocking fluid flow from said source of fluid through said consumer delivery line to said consumer device,

a load sense line providing fluid communication between said control signal port of said control system and said delivery line at a location between said process control valve and said consumer device to pass a pressure signal to said control signal port responsive to the load demand of said consumer device as represented by the pressure of the fluid at said location in said consumer delivery line,

a fluid receiver,

a first restricted bleed line providing fluid communication between said control signal port of said control system and said fluid receiver to bleed fluid from said control signal port and said load sense line into said fluid receive,

a first fluid line providing fluid communication between said outlet of said source of fluid and said load sense line, and a pressure reducing valve operatively positioned in said first fluid line to pass fluid from said source of fluid into said load sense line whenever the pressure of the fluid in said load sense line is less than a predetermined value and to block the passage of fluid through said first fluid line to said load sense line whenever the pressure of the fluid in said load sense line is greater than said predetermined value.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said consumer device is one of a plurality of consumer devices, each having at least one fluid inlet;

wherein said consumer delivery line is one of a plurality of consumer delivery lines, each being connected between said outlet of said source of fluid and a respective consumer device fluid inlet, each consumer delivery line having a process control valve operatively positioned therein for selectively permitting or blocking fluid flow therethrough from said outlet of said source of fluid to the respective consumer device fluid inlet; and

wherein said load sense line provides fluid communication between said control signal port and each of said plurality of consumer delivery lines at a location between the respective process control valve and the respective consumer device.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2 wherein said load sense line has a plurality of branches, with each branch being connected to a respective consumer delivery line, each of said branches containing a restriction and a check valve, and wherein said first fluid line is connected to said load sense line downstream of said branches.

4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pressure reducing valve has first and second control ports, a conduit providing fluid communication between said first control port of said pressure reducing valve and a location in said first fluid line on the side of said pressure reducing valve away from said source of fluid, a conduit providing fluid communication between said second control port of said pressure reducing valve and said fluid reservoir, and a spring biasing said pressure reducing valve in opposition to the fluid pressure in said first control port of said pressure reducing valve, the pressure in said first control port of said pressuring reducing valve acting to close said pressure reducing valve when the pressure in said first control port of said pressure reducing valve exceeds the combination of the pressure in said second control port of said pressure reducing valve and the force of said spring biasing said pressure reducing valve.

5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 4 wherein said source of fluid is a variable displacement pump.

6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said source of fluid is a variable displacement pump.

7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 wherein said consumer device is one of a plurality of consumer devices, each having at least one fluid inlet;

wherein said consumer delivery line is one of a plurality of consumer delivery lines, each being connected between said outlet of said source of fluid and a respective consumer device fluid inlet, each consumer delivery line having a process control valve operatively positioned therein for selectively permitting or blocking fluid flow therethrough from said outlet of said source of fluid to the respective consumer device fluid inlet; and

wherein said load sense line provides fluid communication between said control signal port and each of said plurality of consumer delivery lines at a location between the respective process control valve and the respective consumer device.

8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first restricted bleed line comprises a bleed conduit containing an orifice and a flow controller with the flow controller being operable to vary the flow of fluid through said bleed conduit to maintain the pressure drop across said orifice at a predetermined value.

9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said process control valve is a closed center type.

10. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said load sense line contains a restriction and a check valve between said consumer device and the junction of said load sense line and said first fluid line.

11. Apparatus comprising a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid having an outlet with a variable fluid output rate of said outlet responsive to the magnitude of fluid pressure applied to a control signal port of said control system,

at least one consumer device which consumes hydrostatic energy and has a fluid inlet, a consumer delivery line providing fluid communication between said outlet of said source of fluid and said fluid inlet of said consumer device, a process control valve operatively positioned in said consumer delivery line for selectively permitting or blocking fluid flow from said source of fluid through said consumer delivery line to said consumer device,

a load sense line providing fluid communication between said control signal port of said control system and said delivery line at a location between said process control valve and said consumer device to pass a pressure signal to said control signal port responsive to the load demand of said consumer device as represented by the pressure of the fluid at said location in said consumer delivery line,

a fluid receiver,

a first restricted bleed line providing fluid communication between said control signal port of said control system and said fluid receiver to bleed fluid from said control signal port and said load sense line into said fluid receiver,

a first fluid line providing fluid communication between said outlet of said source of fluid and said load sense line, and a pressure reducing valve operatively positioned in said first fluid line to pass fluid from said source of fluid into said load sense line whenever the pressure of the fluid in said load sense line is less than a predetermined value and to block the passage of fluid through said first fluid line to said load sense line whenever the pressure of the fluid in said load sense line is greater than said predetermined value,

wherein said consumer device is one of a plurality of consumer devices, each having at least one fluid inlet;

wherein said consumer delivery line is one of a plurality of consumer delivery lines, each being connected between said outlet of said source of fluid and a respective consumer device fluid inlet, each consumer delivery line having a process control valve operatively positioned therein for selectively permitting or blocking fluid flow therethrough from said outlet of said source of fluid to the respective consumer device fluid inlet; and

wherein said load sense lien provides fluid communication between said control signal port and each of said plurality of consumer delivery lines at a location between the respective process control valve and the respective consumer device,

wherein said load sense line as a plurality of branches, with each branch being connected to a respective consumer delivery line, each of said branches containing a restriction and a check valve, and wherein said first fluid lien is connected to said load sense line downstream of said branches; and

wherein said control system comprises a control element for varying the fluid output rate from said outlet of said source of fluid, said control element having a control signal port,

a pilot valve having first and second control ports and first, second and third fluid ports, said pilot valve having a first position wherein said first fluid port is connected to said second fluid port and a second position wherein said first fluid port is connected to said third fluid port, said pilot valve being actuable between said first and second positions responsive to the difference in the pressures at said first and second control ports of said pilot valve, said second control port of said pilot valve being said control signal port of said control system,

a second fluid line connecting said control signal port of said control element to said first fluid port of said pilot valve to transmit fluid pressure between said first fluid port and said control signal port of said control element,

a third fluid lien connecting said outlet of said source of fluid to said second port of said pilot valve,

a fourth fluid line connecting said third fluid port of said pilot valve to said fluid receiver to pass fluid from said third fluid port into said fluid receiver,

a fifth fluid line connecting said outlet of said source of fluid to said first control port of said pilot valve, and

a second restricted bleed line connecting said control signal port of said control element and said fluid receiver to bleed fluid from said control signal port of said control element and said second fluid line into said fluid receiver.

12. Apparatus in accordance with claim 11 wherein said first restricted bleed line comprises a bleed conduit containing an orifice and a flow controller with the flow controller being operable to vary the flow of fluid through said bleed conduit to maintain the pressure drop across said orifice at a predetermined value.

13. Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 wherein said source of fluid is a variable displacement pump and wherein said control element comprises a body having a piston chamber therein, a piston reciprocatably mounted in said piston chamber and dividing said piston chamber into first and second end chambers, said control signal port of said control element providing fluid communication between said first end chamber and said second fluid line so that fluid pressure in said second fluid line will urge said piston toward said second end chamber, and a biasing element associated with said piston to urge said piston toward said first end chamber.

14. Apparatus in accordance with claim 13 wherein each of said process control valves is a closed center type.

15. Apparatus in accordance with claim 14 wherein said pressure reducing valve has first and second control ports, a conduit providing fluid communication between said first control port of said pressure reducing valve and a location in said first fluid line on the side of said pressure reducing valve away from said source of fluid, a conduit providing fluid communication between said second control port of said pressure reducing valve and said fluid reservoir, and a spring biasing said pressure reducing valve in opposition to the fluid pressure in said first control port of said pressure reducing valve, the pressure in said first control port of said pressuring reducing valve acting to close said pressure reducing valve when the pressure in said first control port of said pressure reducing valve exceeds the combination of the pressure in said second control port of said pressure reducing valve and the force of said spring biasing said pressure reducing valve.