Biocompatible, stable and concentrated fluorocarbon emulsions for contrast enhancement and oxygen transport in internal animal use
First Claim
1. A fluorocarbon emulsion, prepared by:
- combining an aqueous phase with an effective amount of emulsifying agent and a fluorocarbon to form a mixture having from greater than 50% to about 125% weight per volume of said fluorocarbon; and
passing the fluorocarbon-containing mixture through a mechanical emulsification apparatus in which said mixture is subjected to sufficiently high flow rates and pressures to form a stable, heat sterilizable fluorocarbon-in-water emulsion;
wherein said emulsion is biocompatible and exhibits substantial particle size stability in the non-frozen state following heat sterilization.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An up to 125% fluorocarbon emulsion for use in or with animal bodies and organs thereof, maintains emulsion stability through normal sterilization procedures with selective osmotic and buffering agents, maintains the emulsion at within predetermined osmolarity levels and, when desired, free of excessive calcium precipitation, reduces in vivo and in vitro red blood cell injury, reduces adverse anemia effects, reduces viscosity and reduces the rate of oxidation, and tends to equilibrate its distribution in major body organs thereby reducing toxicity. The osmotic agents may buffer and may provide nutrient in the form of sugars. The osmotic and buffering agents can comprise, selectively, hexahydric alcohols, namely mannitol and sorbitol; certain sugars, namely glucose, mannose and fructose; along with buffering agents that will affect osmolarity including imidazole, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, monobasic potassium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate or combinations of them. The emulsion may include tocopherol. A method of emulsifying the fluorocarbon includes forced flow impingement under pressure after mixing the fluorocarbon into the discontinuous phase. The fluorocarbon emulsion can be used to deliver drugs and medicines soluble in, or transportable by the emulsion.
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Citations
47 Claims
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1. A fluorocarbon emulsion, prepared by:
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combining an aqueous phase with an effective amount of emulsifying agent and a fluorocarbon to form a mixture having from greater than 50% to about 125% weight per volume of said fluorocarbon; and passing the fluorocarbon-containing mixture through a mechanical emulsification apparatus in which said mixture is subjected to sufficiently high flow rates and pressures to form a stable, heat sterilizable fluorocarbon-in-water emulsion; wherein said emulsion is biocompatible and exhibits substantial particle size stability in the non-frozen state following heat sterilization. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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4. A storage stable, heat sterilizable fluorocarbon emulsion, comprising:
an continuous aqueous phase, a discontinuous fluorocarbon phase, and an effective amount of emulsifying agent, wherein the concentration of said fluorocarbon phase in said emulsion is greater than 75% and no more than 125%, weight per volume, and wherein said emulsion exhibits substantial particle size stability on storage in the non-frozen state following heat sterilization and is biocompatible. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6)
Specification