Self-organizing circuits
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A system that comprises:
- transducer means to sense an input thereto and operable to provide a first output signal representative of said input;
self-organizing circuit means connected to receive said first output signal and operable to effect analysis of constituent elements of said input and provide a further output signal related to said input, each self-organizing circuit of said self-organizing circuit means including a plurality of sub-circuits or levels which are connected to receive messages from some other sub-circuit or level and are operable to deliver messages to some other sub-circuit or level, there being voting in that each sub-circuit or level weights relative amounts of negative and positive influence thereto and votes whether or not to pass along information to the further sub-circuits or levels; and
error correcting means acting on each subcircuit or level of the self-organizing circuit means which serves to correct errors in said further output signal by modifying the strength of the connections between said sub-circuits or levels occasioned by inaccurate analysis of the input by the self-organizing circuit means, and for effecting analysis of a first pattern of constituent elements and at a later time to apply said error correcting means to effect analysis of a second pattern of constituent elements without modifying the strength of at least a portion of said connections made during said first application of error correcting means.
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Abstract
Self-organizing circuits to receive input signals from transducers and the like and operable, under guidance from modifying inputs thereto, operate in a learning mode and systems embodying such self-organizing circuits. The circuits include mechanisms to change the modifying inputs based upon Boolean functions and further mechanisms to change the modifying inputs based upon competition among the input signals. The circuits have time delays which allow identification of time-varying patterns. The circuits also further mechanisms to change the modifying inputs based on a balance of inhibitory and excitory influences on subcircuits and based on changes in the messages between subcircuits.
43 Citations
50 Claims
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1. A system that comprises:
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transducer means to sense an input thereto and operable to provide a first output signal representative of said input; self-organizing circuit means connected to receive said first output signal and operable to effect analysis of constituent elements of said input and provide a further output signal related to said input, each self-organizing circuit of said self-organizing circuit means including a plurality of sub-circuits or levels which are connected to receive messages from some other sub-circuit or level and are operable to deliver messages to some other sub-circuit or level, there being voting in that each sub-circuit or level weights relative amounts of negative and positive influence thereto and votes whether or not to pass along information to the further sub-circuits or levels; and error correcting means acting on each subcircuit or level of the self-organizing circuit means which serves to correct errors in said further output signal by modifying the strength of the connections between said sub-circuits or levels occasioned by inaccurate analysis of the input by the self-organizing circuit means, and for effecting analysis of a first pattern of constituent elements and at a later time to apply said error correcting means to effect analysis of a second pattern of constituent elements without modifying the strength of at least a portion of said connections made during said first application of error correcting means. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 42, 43, 46)
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5. A system that comprises:
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transducer means to sense as input thereto a signal containing information, said transducer means being operable to convert that input to a first output signal representative of said input; self-organizing circuit means connected to receive said first output signal and operable to effect analysis of the pattern of constituent elements thereof and provide a second output signal shaped, at least in part, by said information, said self-organizing circuit means comprising multi-levels with punish and reward signals to all levels, feedback signals at all levels and random initial output weighting; and error correcting means acting on each subcircuit or level of the self-organizing circuit means which serves to correct errors in said second output signal by modifying the strength of the connections between said sub-circuits or levels occasioned by inaccurate analysis of the input by the self-organizing circuit means, which error correcting means include said punish and reward signals as input and which effect analysis of a first pattern of constituent elements and, at a later time, apply said error correcting means to effect analysis of a second pattern of constituent elements without modifying the strength of at least a portion of said connections made during said first application of error correcting means. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 47)
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6. A system that comprises:
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self-organizing circuit means connected to receive as input information in the form of a signal and operable to effect analysis of the pattern of constituent elements thereof to extract said information from the input signal and provide an output signal related to said information, said self-organizing circuit means comprising multi-level circuits, error correcting means acting on each sub-circuit or level of the self-organizing circuit means which serves to correct errors in said second output signal by modifying the strength of the connections between said sub-circuits or levels occasioned by inaccurate analysis of the input by the self-organizing circuit means, which error correcting means include said punish and reward signals as input and which effect analysis of a first pattern of constituent elements and, at a later time, apply said error correcting means to effect analysis of a second pattern of constituent elements without modifying the strength of at least a portion of said connections made during said first application of error correcting means. - View Dependent Claims (7, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 48)
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8. A system that comprises:
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self-organizing circuit means connected to receive a plurality of input signals representing constituent elements of input information and operable to effect identification of the pattern of constituent elements by combining the influence which each constituent element has on the pattern of constituent elements, said self-organizing circuit means comprising multi-levels with feedback from higher levels to lower levels to aid in identification of said pattern, said self-organizing circuit means being operable to provide an output signal related to said pattern; and error correction means connected to modify said self-organizing circuit means by varying the influence which each constituent element has on a first pattern of constituent elements as occasioned by accurate and inaccurate identification of said input information and said error correction means further connected to hold fixed at least some portion of the influence which each constituent element has on said first pattern while varying the influence which each constituent element has on a second pattern of constituent elements as occasioned by accurate and inaccurate identification of said second input information. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 31, 32, 33, 44, 49)
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45. A system that comprises:
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transducer means to sense an input thereto and operable to provide a first output signal representative of said input; self-organizing circuit means connected to receive said first output signal and operable to effect analysis of constituent elements of said input and provide a further output signal related to said input, each self-organizing circuit of said self-organizing circuit means including a plurality of sub-circuits or levels which are connected to receive messages from some other sub-circuit or level and are operable to deliver messages to some other sub-circuit or level, there being voting in that each sub-circuit or level weights relative amounts of negative and positive inputs thereto and votes whether or not to pass along information to the further sub-circuits or levels; and error correcting means acting on each subcircuit or level of the self-organizing circuit means which serves to correct errors in said further output signal by modifying the strength of the connections between said sub-circuits or levels occasioned by inaccurate analysis of the input by the self-organizing circuit means, and wherein said modifying the strength of connections is based at least partially upon the balance between said negative and positive weighting of said inputs. - View Dependent Claims (50)
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Specification