Piping corrosion monitoring system calculating risk-level safety factor producing an inspection schedule

• US 4,998,208 A
• Filed: 11/14/1988
• Issued: 03/05/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Standard Oil Company (BP PLC)
• Original Assignee: Standard Oil Company (BP PLC)
• Inventors: Buhrow, Robert P., Schuster, Ronald J., Leininger, Gary G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lall, Parshotam S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Melnick, S. A.
• Application Number:
  US07/274,729
• Time in Patent Office: 841 Days
• Field of Search: 137/551, 364/551.01, 364/496, 364/506-509, 364/402, 364/512, 73/40, 73/40.5 R
• US Class Current: 702/35
• CPC Class Codes: F17D 5/00 Protection or supervision of installations arrangements for protecting foundations E02D31/00; protecting pipes from damage or internal or external wear F16L57/00, against corrosion and scale F16L58/00; investigation of the fluid-tightness of structures G01M3/00

Abstract

A piping corrosion monitoring system is disclosed which is implemented by software run on a personal computer or the equivalent. The system generates inspection dates for individual piping and other elements, such as pressure vessels, in a process plant. The process plant is divided into circuits made up of piping and associated vessels expected to be exposed to a common corrosion environment. Corrosion data for individual inspection points within each circuit is used to estimate likely corrosion rates for other elements of the particular circuit. The estimated corrosion rates are used to calculate inspection dates for elements within the circuits. Also factored into the inspection date are the risk factors such as the toxicity of the substance being carried, the proximity of the circuit to valuable property or to control rooms, laboratories, or the like, and other factors relating to the security assigned to the circuit. The system evaluates a large number of possible corrosion mechanisms for each inspection point and chooses that which leads to the highest anticipated corrosion rate in calculation of the inspection date, thus providing a very conservative inspection date schedule, while not overinspecting circuits likely to exhibit low corrosion rates or in which failure would be relatively less critical.

Claims

1. A corrosion monitoring method for monitoring the condition of the walls of corrodible piping and associated vessels in a process plant, comprising the steps of:

dividing the piping and associated vessels of the plant into a plurality of circuits, wherein the elements of each of the circuits are expected to be exposed to a common corrosion environment;

establishing at least one inspection point within each circuit;

assembling corrosion data, said corrosion data comprising actual measurements of the wall thicknesses of the piping and associated vessels at each of the inspection points, said measurements being associated with corresponding times of measurement for each inspection point thus established;

determining for each inspection point the highest of several possible corrosion rates which can be expected to occur;

establishing a risk-level safety factor for each circuit, said risk-level safety factor being calculated from a plurality of factors comprising;

a design pressure for the circuit,

a design temperature for the circuit,

the degree of hazardousness to humans of the material in the piping and associated vessels of the circuit,

the potential of said material to spontaneously ignite in the atmosphere, and

the location of the circuit relative to valued property likely to be damaged by a pipe wall failure in said each circuit;

calculating inspection dates one for each of the inspection points within each of the circuits from the determined corrosion rates taking into account the risk-level safety factor using a programmed digital computer; and

producing an inspection schedule for said piping and associated vessels from the calculated inspection dates.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inspection dates are calculated by establishing a plurality of test cases for each circuit, each of said test cases providing an estimate of the potential corrosion rate within each said respective circuit based on a particular potential corrosion mechanism model.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein certain ones of said test cases are based on corrosion mechanisms which tend to corrode an entire section of a pipe or associated vessel, and wherein others of said test cases are based on corrosion mechanisms tending to corrode specified points within a pipe or associated vessel.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising comparing any differences between individual corrosion rates measured at individual inspection points in a circuit and the circuit average corrosion rate for that circuit to locate any inspection points within that circuit having corrosion rates that differ from the circuit average rate by more than a predetermined amount and calculating a ratio of the individual corrosion rate to the circuit average rate for use in calculating the inspection dates.

5. A method of monitoring corrosion in a piping system, comprising:

dividing a piping system to be monitored into a plurality of circuits, each circuit having a common corrosion environment;

designating at least one inspection point within each of the circuits;

assembling historical data for piping wall corrosion in the vicinity of the inspection points;

inspecting the piping wall thickness at selected inspection points within said circuits to determine the amount of actual corrosion at said points;

comparing the actual corrosion at the individual points within each of the circuits at which said inspections have been made to corrosion estimated from rates based on said historical data;

calculating, based on the corrosion at the inspected points and the historical data, estimated corrosion rates for inspection points within each of the circuits at which piping has not been inspected, wherein each of said estimates is selected as the maximum corrosion computed by a plurality of test cases, each test case employing a particular corrosion mechanism mode, said test cases including a model for corrosion of a pipe over a large area, such that said pipe tends to split open or collapse in service before corroding through a wall, and a model for corrosion of said pipe in a localized area, such that the pipe leaks prior to collapse thereof, said localized corrosion model incorporating a risk-level safety factor calculated from a plurality of factor comprising;

a design pressure for the circuit,

a design temperature for the circuit,

the degree of hazardousness to humans of the material in the circuit,

the potential of said material to spontaneously ignite in the atmosphere, and

the location of the circuit relative to valued property that may be damaged by a leak;

calculating inspection dates one for each of the inspection points within each of the circuits based on the estimated corrosion rates using a programmed digital computer, and

producing an inspection schedule using the calculated inspection dates.

6. The method of claim 5, comprising updating said historical data with additional inspection data as additional inspections are carried out.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein for each circuit a maximum corrosion rate, determined from a single inspection point within said circuit, is divided by the average corrosion rate, determined from all inspection points within said circuit, to calculate a maximum/average corrosion ration for assessing the likelihood of a piping wall failure within said circuit, and wherein said maximum/average corrosion ration is used calculating the inspection dates.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein one of said test cases uses a localized corrosion model in which a total thickness test case rate is calculated form a circuit adjusted rate and a circuit safety factor, where the circuit adjusted rate is the greatest of a formula adjusted rate, a suggested circuit rate, and a minimum circuit rate, and the circuit safety factor is the greatest of the maximum/average ratio, a suggested safety factor, and the risk-level safety factor.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein one of said test cases uses a large area corrosion model in which a corrosion rate is assumed to be equal to two standard deviations above the calculated average corrosion rate in the circuit.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein one of said test cases uses a large area corrosion model in which a corrosion rate is assumed to be equal to twice the calculated average corrosion rate in the circuit.

11. The method of claim 5, wherein the estimated corrosion rates are calculated two times, the calculations from the first time being used to calculate the estimated corrosion rates the second time, and wherein the corrosion rates calculated the second time are used to calculate the inspection date.

12. In a corrosion monitoring method for monitoring the condition of the walls of corrodible piping and associated vessels in a process plant, including the steps of dividing the piping and associated vessels of the plant into a plurality of circuits, establishing at least one inspection point within each circuit, assembling corrosion data including actual measurements of the wall thicknesses of the piping and associated vessels at the inspection points, determining for each inspection point the highest of several possible corrosion rates which can be expected to occur, calculating inspection dates one for each of the inspection points within each of the circuits from the determined corrosion rates taking into account a risk-level safety factor using a programmed digital computer, and producing an inspection schedule for the piping and associated vessels from the calculated inspection dates, the improvement comprising:

establishing the risk-level safety factor for each circuit by calculating said risk-level safety factor from a plurality of factors comprising;

a design pressure for the circuit,

a design temperature for the circuit,

the degree of hazardousness to humans of the material in the piping and associated vessels of the circuit,

the potential of said material to spontaneously ignite in the atmosphere, and

the location of the circuit relative to valued property likely to be damaged by a pipe wall failure in said each circuit.

13. The improvement of claim 12, wherein the inspection dates are calculated by establishing a plurality of test cases for each circuit, each of said test cases providing an estimate of the potential corrosion rate within each said respective circuit based on a particular potential corrosion mechanism model.

14. The improvement of claim 13, wherein certain ones of said test cases are based on corrosion mechanisms which tend to corrode an entire section of a pipe or associated vessel, and wherein others of said test cases are based on corrosion mechanisms tending to corrode specified points within a pipe or associated vessel.

15. The improvement of claim 12, comprising comparing any differences between individual corrosion rates measured at individual inspection points in a circuit and the circuit average corrosion rate for that circuit to locate any inspection points within that circuit having corrosion rates that differ from the circuit average rate by more than a predetermined amount and calculating a ratio of the individual corrosion rate to the circuit average rate for use as one of the plurality of factors in establishing the risk-level safety factor.