Electrical biosensor containing a biological receptor immobilized and stabilized in a protein film
First Claim
1. A method of immobilizing and stabilizing a biological receptor in a polymeric film on a transducer for the determination of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
- (a) forming a mixture by combining a biological receptor capable of binding the analyte, a base component which is a protein, a polymerizing agent and at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants, under conditions appropriate for polymerization to occur; and
(b) forming a film by polymerization of the mixture of (a) on a transducer.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrical biosensor for analyte determination is prepared by polymerization of a mixture of a biological receptor capable of binding an analyte in a sample, a protein and a polymerizing agent such as glutaraldehyde to form a polymeric film on a transducer. The mixture preferably contains a stabilizer selected from lipids, detergents and antioxidents. The receptor may be an acetylcholine receptor and the analyte, acetylcholine. A preferred stabilizer is a combination of phosphatidyl choline and octyphenoxypolyethoxyethanol. In carrying out a determination, analyte in a sample binds to the receptor causing a change in an electrical characteristic of the film which is indicative of the presence of the analyte. The biosensor may contain a second polymeric film that is free of the receptor and which serves as a control.
154 Citations
15 Claims
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1. A method of immobilizing and stabilizing a biological receptor in a polymeric film on a transducer for the determination of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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(a) forming a mixture by combining a biological receptor capable of binding the analyte, a base component which is a protein, a polymerizing agent and at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants, under conditions appropriate for polymerization to occur; and (b) forming a film by polymerization of the mixture of (a) on a transducer. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. A method for determining an analyte in a sample comprising:
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(a) contacting the sample with a biosensor comprising; (1) a polymeric film formed by chemical copolymerization of a solution comprising; (a) a base component which is a protein (b) a biological receptor capable of binding the analyte; and (c) at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants; and (2) a sensor comprising a first conductor and a second conductor which are in contact with the polymeric protein film; and (b) determining a change in an electrical characteristic of the polymeric protein film, whereby a change is indicative of the presence of analyte in the sample.
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4. A biological receptor-containing biosensor for the determination of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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(a) a polymeric film formed by chemical copolymerization of a solution comprising (1) a base component which is a protein; (2) a biological receptor capable of binding the analyte; and (3) at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants; (b) a first sensor comprising a first conductor and a second conductor which are in contact with said film; and (c) a current source in conductive contact with the first and second conductors for measuring an electrical characteristic of the polymeric film. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An acetylcholine receptor-containing biosensor for the determination of an analyte in a sample comprising:
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(a) a polymeric film formed by chemical copolymerization of a solution comprising (1) a base component which is a protein selected from the group consisting of serum albumin, gelatin and collagen; (2) acetycholine receptor capable of binding the analyte; and (3) at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants; (b) a first sensor comprising a first conductor and a second conductor which are in contact with said film; and (c) a current source in conductive contact with the first and the second conductors for measuring an impedance of the film. - View Dependent Claims (10)
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11. A biological receptor-containing biosensor for the determination of an analyte in a sample, comprising a first polymeric film comprising a protein, a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of lipids, detergents and antioxidants and a biological receptor capable of binding the analyte, the first polymeric film being in contact with a first electrical sensor for measuring an electrical characteristics of the first polymeric film and further comprising:
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(a) a second polymeric film free of receptor for binding the analyte, the second polymeric film being in contact with a second electrical sensor for measuring an electrical characteristic of the second polymeric film; (b) a potential barrier interposed between the second polymeric film and the first polymeric film, such that the barrier hinders current flow between said second polymeric film and the first polymeric film; (c) a current source; and (d) a circuit contacting the current source and the first and the second electrical sensors for measuring absolute and the differential changes in the electrical characteristics of the first and second films. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
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Specification