Method and apparatus for enhanced drug permeation of skin
First Claim
1. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
- (a) removing the outermost layers of the skin;
(b) measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed; and
,(c) stopping said skin removal when a predetermined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for preparation of a selected area of skin to facilitate drug absorption comprises removal of the outermost layers of the skin by gentle abrasion or other means, measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as the outermost layers of the skin are removed, and stopping skin removal when a predetermined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate drug absorption. The preferred electrical resistance or impedance meter is in contact with the skin under consideration by two separate but adjacent conductive poles and is purpose calibrated to signal when the skin resistance or impedance level is such that rapid absorption of a drug will occur.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
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(a) removing the outermost layers of the skin; (b) measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed; and
,(c) stopping said skin removal when a predetermined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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- 14. Apparatus for skin preparation to facilitate drug absorption comprising a skin removal means consisting of an abrasive material in the form of a pad incorporating two electrically conductive areas positioned in different parts of the pad for connection to an electrical resistance of impedance meter.
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16. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
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(a) Removing the outermost layers of the skin by wet or dry abrasion, wherein skin removal is delimited by application to the skin of a single use target masking tape consisting of a disk of adhesive backed tape with a central aperture; (b) Measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed; and
,(c) Stopping said skin removal when a pre-determined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs.
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17. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
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(a) Removing the outermost layers of the skin by an electrically powered moving pad having fine abrasive materials at its surface and wherein skin removal is delimited by application to the skin of single use target masking tape consisting of a disc of adhesive backed tape with a central aperture; (b) Measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed; and
,(c) Stopping said skin removal when a pre-determined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs.
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18. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
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(a) Removing the outermost layers of the skin wherein skin removal is by Laser; (b) Measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed; and
,(c) Stopping said skin removal when a pre-determined optimum skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs. - View Dependent Claims (19)
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- 20. An electrical resistance or impedance meter with electrically conductive leads connected to a pair of electrically conductive poles so that the meter measures the electrical resistance or impedance when the said electrically conductive poles are applied in contact with the skin of a patient, wherein the said meter is calibrated to show the range of electrical resistance or impedance at which satisfactory drug effect will occur following application to the skin of a drug preparation of defined composition for a defined time.
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22. An electrical resistance or impedance meter with electrically conductive leads connected to a pair of electrically conductive poles so that the meter measures the electrical resistance or impedance when the said electrically conductive poles are applied in contact with the skin of a patient, wherein the said meter is calibrated to show the range of electrical resistance or impedance at which satisfactory drug effect will occur following application to the skin of a local anaesthetic preparation of defined composition for less than three minutes.
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23. Apparatus for skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs, said apparatus comprising in combination:
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(a) an electrical resistance or impedance meter with electrically conductive leads connected to a pair of electrically conductive poles, (b) said electrically conductive poles for application to the skin of a patient permitting measurement of electrical resistance or impedance, and (c) means of abrasion for abrasion of the said region of skin of a patient until a pre-determined skin resistance or impedance measurement is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs.
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24. Apparatus for skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs, said apparatus comprising in combination:
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(a) an electrical resistance or impedance meter with electrically conductive leads connected to a pair of electrically conductive poles, (b) said electrically conductive poles for application to the skin of a patient permitting measurement of electrical resistance or impedance, (c) means of abrasion for abrasion of the said region of skin of a patient until a pre-determined skin resistance or impedance measurement is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs, and (d) a single use target masking tape consisting of a portion of adhesive backed tape with a central aperture for de-limiting the region of skin abrasion.
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25. A method of skin preparation to facilitate absorption of drugs comprising the following steps:
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(a) removing the outermost layers of the skin by abrasion, (b) measuring the change in electrical resistance or impedance of the skin as said outermost layers of the skin are removed, and (c) stopping said skin removal when a pre-determined skin resistance or impedance is achieved to facilitate the absorption of drugs.
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Specification