Lightweight high power electromagnetic transducer

• US 5,004,944 A
• Filed: 11/27/1987
• Issued: 04/02/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: UQM Technologies, Inc. (Danfoss A/S)
• Original Assignee: Unique Mobility, Inc. (Danfoss A/S)
• Inventors: Fisher, Gene A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skudy, R.
• Application Number:
  US07/125,781
• Time in Patent Office: 1,222 Days
• Field of Search: 310/266, 310/156, 310/198, 310/207, 310/179, 310/180, 310/181, 310/216, 310/184, 310/218, 310/44, 310/67 R, 310/64, 310/46, 310/65, 310/177, 310/114, 310/115, 310/261 , 310/185, 310/188, 310/12, 310/13, 310/195, 310/43, 310/45, 310/232, 310/233, 310/248, 310/52
• US Class Current: 310/266
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/02 characterised by the magnetic material
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/06 characterised by the shape, form or construction
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/165 Shape, form or location of the slots
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 21/12 with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 23/56 Motors or generators having iron cores separated from armature winding
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/00 Details of windings
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/04 Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/12 arranged in slots
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/47 Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 33/06 with polarised armatures
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 33/16 with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 33/18 with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 41/03 Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors H02K41/035 takes precedence

Abstract

An electromagnetic transducer is disclosed that is lightweight and has a high power to weight ratio, with the transducer being capable of operation as an efficient motor, alternator or generator, and being particularly useful, for example, in connection with self-propelled vehicle applications such as passenger cars. The electromagnetic transducer can utilize a shell construction, which enhances heat removal, and includes a magnetic-flux producing assembly, having a plurality of spaced magnetic elements, and an armature assembly formed by a winding arrangement of dispersed conductive elements which are separated by flux carrying elements which, to the extent that such flux carrying elements are electrically conductive, are dispersed in one, two, or three dimensions to thus be dispersed-phase flux carrying elements. The armature conductors and flux carrying elements are dispersed to minimize creation of opposing induced currents, or eddy currents, depending on the effect produced on transducer operation. This dispersal enables operation of the transducer at high efficiency with high torque being maintained even during high speed relative motion between the magentic flux producing assembly and the armature with the combination of high torque and high speed producing higher power per unit weight than can now know devices.

Claims

1. A brushless, high-speed, high torque electric motor, comprising:

a housing;

a shaft mounted on said housing to rotate relative thereto;

a magnetic field-generating rotor secured to said shaft to rotate therewith, said rotor having a mounting disk connected to said shaft and one of (i) a first annular wall means having a first magnetic means mounted thereon for generating a magnetic flux and (ii) a second annular wall means comprising an outer annular wall and an inner annular wall both supported by said mounting disk and spaced radially apart to define an annular gap therebetween, said inner annular wall being spaced radially apart from said shaft, and a second magnetic means for generating a magnetic flux mounted on at least one of said inner annular wall and said outer wall; and

an armature, for intercepting said magnetic flux, fixed to said housing, said armature comprising an annular member positioned to be disposed one of (i) radially adjacent said first annular wall means and (ii) at least partially within said gap between said inner annular wall and said outer wall of said rotor, said armature including (i) a plurality of spaced sections of electrical conductors, each section including a plurality of separate conductive wires insulated from each other and (ii) a plurality of magnetic flux carrying elements interposed between said sections of electrical conductors, each flux carrying element comprising a member pressed from highly magnetically permeable particles and a binder material for binding said particles together.

2. The motor of claim 1 further comprising actuation means for causing rotation of said shaft at a rate of speed sufficiently high to create a high power density operation of said motor.

3. The motor of claim 1 wherein said wires have insulation material thereon, and wherein said flux currying elements comprise highly permeable material placed over said insulation material on said wires.

4. The motor of claim 1 wherein said housing includes means causing air to be passed through said housing adjacent to said armature to dissipate heat and thereby improve operation of the motor.