Thin panel illuminator

• US 5,005,108 A
• Filed: 02/10/1989
• Issued: 04/02/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Solid State Opto Limited (Global Lighting Technologies Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Lumitex Incorporated
• Inventors: Parker, Jeffery R., Pristash, David J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Husar, Stephen F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hagarman, Sue
• Application Number:
  US07/309,424
• Time in Patent Office: 781 Days
• Field of Search: 362/26, 362/27, 362/31, 362/32
• US Class Current: 362/602
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0005 the light guides being of the fibre type G02B6/0003 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0038 Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0046 Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0061 to provide homogeneous light output intensity
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 2013/1813 provided with a coating showing a pattern of dots of variable density
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 2013/1822 Stair-cased profiled window

Abstract

Thin panel illuminator includes a solid transparent panel member having one or more deformed output regions which cause light entering the panel along an input edge thereof to be emitted along the length of the panel. Light may be transmitted to one or more panel input edges from one or more light sources utilizing transition devices which convert easily focused light generally to the shape of the panel input surfaces.

Claims

1. A panel illuminator comprising a solid transparent panel member having a greater cross sectional width than thickness and top and bottom surfaces and an input edge, transition means for receiving focused light from a light source and transmitting the focused light to said input edge for conduction by said panel member, and means for causing the conducted light to be emitted from one of said surfaces along the length of said panel member, said transition means including an input surface at one end shaped to permit a light source to be easily focused thereon, and an output surface at another end having a shape substantially corresponding in shape to said input edge of said panel member and connected thereto.

2. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member is formed into a wave form of predetermined pattern having oppositely facing bends extending generally transversely across the width of said panel member at spaced apart intervals along the axial length of said panel member which cause light conducted by said panel member to be emitted from said bends.

3. The illuminator of claim 2 further comprising a back reflector on one of said surfaces of said panel member for reflecting light emitted from said bends on said one of said surfaces back through said panel member.

4. The illuminator of claim 2 further comprising coating means on said panel member having a refractive index that changes the attenuation of the light emitted from said panel member.

5. The illuminator of claim 4 wherein said coating means is applied only to selected areas of said bends.

6. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member includes input edges at opposite ends thereof, and there are transition means connected to each of said input edges for receiving focused light from plural light sources and transmitting the focused light to said input edges.

7. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member is shaped to fit a particular application.

8. The illuminator of claim 1 for use in lighting applications.

9. The illuminator of claim 1 for use in phototherapy applications.

10. The illuminator of claim 1 for use in radiation curing of epoxies and adhesives.

11. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said transition means includes a plurality of optical fibers extending between said input and output surfaces.

12. The illuminator of claim 11 wherein said optical fibers are formed into a light cable which transmits light from said light source to said input edge of said panel member.

13. The illuminator of claim 11 wherein said optical fibers are scrambled at said input and output surfaces to distribute the transmitted light more uniformly over said input edge.

14. The illuminator of claim 11 wherein said optical fibers are loosely woven into a ribbon-like cable for transmitting light from said light source to said panel member.

15. The illuminator of claim 11 wherein at least one of said input and output surfaces has coating means thereon which absorbs or reflects predetermined frequencies of light.

16. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said transition means comprises a solid transparent member.

17. The illuminator of claim 16 wherein said input surface is substantially square.

18. The illuminator of claim 16 wherein said input surface is substantially round.

19. The illuminator of claim 16 wherein said transition means includes a plurality of said input surfaces for receiving focused light from a plurality of light sources.

20. The illuminator of claim 16 which includes a plurality of solid transparent panel members, and said transition means includes a plurality of output surfaces for transmitting focused light to said plurality of panel members.

21. The illuminator of claim 16 wherein said output surface of said transition means is integral with said input edge of said panel member.

22. The illuminator of claim 16 further comprising lens means at said input surface for spreading light substantially evenly across said output surface.

23. The illuminator of claim 16 further comprising lens means for altering the input light ray distribution of said light source to said transition means.

24. The illuminator of claim 16 wherein at least one of said input and output surfaces of said transition means includes coating means for absorbing or reflecting predetermined frequencies of light.

25. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said transition means includes a target at one end on which said light source is focused, and means for transmitting and spreading the light received by said target over said input edge of said panel member.

26. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted from said panel member comprises disruptions on one of said surfaces of said panel member which when struck by light entering said input edge of said panel member cause some of the light to be emitted.

27. The illuminator of claim 26 wherein the depth, shape or frequency of said disruptions are controlled along the length of said panel member to control the emission of light along such length.

28. The illuminator of claim 26 wherein said disruptions are at decreasingly spaced intervals as the distance from said light source increases to provide a more uniform emission of light along the length of said panel member.

29. The illuminator of claim 26 further comprising reflector means on another of said surfaces for reflecting light back through said panel member.

30. The illuminator of claim 26 further comprising reflector means on another edge of said panel member opposite said input edge for reflecting light back into said panel member.

31. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member comprises a wave guide having disruptions on one of said surfaces which cause light conducted by said panel member to be emitted therefrom.

32. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted comprises a prismatic surface on one of said surfaces of said panel member.

33. The illuminator of claim 32 wherein said prismatic surface includes a plurality of spaced apart edges which run generally parallel to said input edge.

34. The illuminator of claim 33 further comprising a reflective surface overlying said prismatic surface for causing the light emitted thereby to be reflected back through said panel member.

35. The illuminator of claim 33 further comprising a prismatic film disposed in close proximity to said prismatic surface for shifting the angular direction of light emitted therefrom.

36. The illuminator of claim 35 wherein said prismatic film is separated from said prismatic surface by an air gap.

37. The illuminator of claim 35 wherein said prismatic film is bonded to said prismatic surface by a transparent epoxy.

38. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted comprises a solid transparent film on one of said surfaces of said panel member having spaced apart prism edges running generally perpendicular to said input edge, and deformities along the length of said prism edges.

39. The illuminator of claim 38 wherein the depth and shape of said deformities varies along the length of said prism edges to produce a desired light output distribution.

40. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted comprises plural spaced apart light output regions on one of said surfaces of said panel member each having deformities therein to cause light to be emitted therefrom.

41. The illuminator of claim 40 wherein said panel member includes plural input edges each having a transition means connected thereto for transmitting light to said input edges from plural light sources.

42. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted comprises a deformed output region on one of said surfaces of said panel member that progressively decreases in depth along the length of said panel member as the distance from said input edge increases.

43. The illuminator of claim 42 further comprising reflector means for redirecting the emitted light from said deformed output region back through said panel member.

44. The illuminator of claim 43 wherein said reflector means is in closely spaced relation to said deformed output region, with an air gap therebetween.

45. The illuminator of claim 43 wherein said reflector means is bonded to said panel member by a transparent adhesive.

46. The illuminator of claim 43 wherein said reflector means is deposited directly on said deformed output region.

47. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member includes a pair of input edges at opposite ends thereof, and transition means connected to each of said input edges for receiving focused light from plural light sources and transmitting the focused light to said input edges, and said means for causing light to be emitted comprises a deformed output region on one of said surfaces of said panel member which progressively decreases in depth from both of said input edges toward the middle of said deformed output region.

48. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member is in the shape of a pad.

49. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member is curved.

50. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member is in the shape of a channel having a bottom wall, spaced apart side walls, and an open top, and said means for causing light to be emitted comprises deformities along the interior length of said bottom and side walls which cause light to be emitted internally.

51. The illuminator of claim 50 wherein said channel is curved intermediate its length.

52. The illuminator of claim 50 further comprising reflective surfaces on the exterior of said bottom and side walls for reflecting light back through said channel to the interior.

53. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said means for causing light to be emitted comprises coating means on selected areas of one of said surfaces.

54. The illuminator of claim 1 wherein said panel member comprises a solid transparent wave guide having a prismatic surface on one side of said wave guide for causing such conducted light to be emitted therefrom.

55. The panel of claim 54 wherein said prismatic surface includes a plurality of spaced apart prism edges extending substantially parallel to said input edge.

56. The panel of claim 55 further comprising reflector means for causing the light emitted from said prismatic surface to be reflected back through said wave guide.

57. The panel of claim 55 further comprising a prismatic film in close proximity to said prismatic surface for shifting the angular direction of light emitted therefrom.

58. The panel of claim 57 wherein there is an air gap between said prismatic film and said prismatic surface.

59. The panel of claim 57 further comprising transparent adhesive means for bonding said prismatic film to said prismatic surface.

60. The panel of claim 54 wherein said prismatic surface progressively decreases in depth along the length of said wave guide as the distance from said input edge increases.

61. The panel of claim 60 further comprising reflector means for redirecting the emitted light from said prismatic surface back through said wave guide.

62. The panel of claim 61 wherein there is an air gap between said reflector means and said prismatic surface.

63. The panel of claim 61 wherein said reflector means is bonded to said wave guide by a transparent adhesive.

64. The panel of claim 61 wherein said reflector means is deposited directly on said prismatic surface.

65. The panel of claim 54 wherein said wave guide has a pair of input edges at opposite ends thereof for receiving light from plural light sources, and said prismatic surface decreases in depth from both of said input edges toward the middle of said prismatic surface.

66. The panel of claim 54 wherein said wave guide includes plural spaced apart light output regions and plural input edges to which light is transmitted from plural light sources.

67. The panel of claim 54 wherein said wave guide is shaped to fit a particular application.

68. The panel of claim 67 wherein said wave guide is in the shape of a pad.

69. The panel of claim 67 wherein said wave guide is curved.

70. The panel of claim 67 wherein said wave guide is in the shape of a channel having a bottom wall, spaced apart side walls and an open top, and prismatic surfaces are provided along the interior length of said bottom and side walls to cause light to be emitted interiorly.

71. The panel of claim 70 wherein the exterior of said channel has a reflective coating to redirect any externally emitted light back to the channel interior.

72. A light emitting panel comprising a solid transparent light conducting panel member having a greater cross sectional width than thickness, said panel member being in the shape of a wave form of predetermined pattern having oppositely facing bends extending generally transversely across the width of said panel member at spaced apart intervals along the axial length of said panel member which cause light conducted by said panel member to be emitted from said bends.

73. The panel of claim 72 further comprising reflector means for reflecting light emitted from said bends on one side of said panel member back through said panel member.

74. The panel of claim 72 further comprising coating means on said panel member having a refractive index that changes the attenuation of the light emitted from said panel member.

75. The panel of claim 74 wherein said coating means is applied only to selected areas of said bends.

76. The panel of claim 72 wherein said panel member comprises a thin light conducting ribbon or film formed into said wave form.