Hot melt ink compositions

• US 5,006,170 A
• Filed: 06/22/1989
• Issued: 04/09/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Marchessault, Robert H., Henrissat, Bernard, Schwarz, William M., Alexandru, Lupu
• Primary Examiner(s): Bell, Mark L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Klemanski, Helene
• Application Number:
  US07/369,797
• Time in Patent Office: 656 Days
• Field of Search: 106/22, 106/26, 106/27, 106/30, 106/31, 106/32
• US Class Current: 106/31.3
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 11/34 Hot-melt inks

Abstract

Disclosed are hot melt ink compositions suitable for ink jet printing which comprise a colorant, a binder, and a propellant selected from the group consisting of hydrazine; cyclic amines; ureas; carboxylic acids; sulfonic acids; aldehydes; ketones; hydrocarbons; esters; phenols; amides; imides; halocarbons; urethanes; ethers; sulfones; sulfamides; sulfonamindes; phosphites; phosphonates; phosphates; alkyl sulfines; alkyl acetates; and sulfur dioxide. Also disclosed are hot melt ink compositions suitable for ink jet printing which comprise a colorant, a propellant, and a binder selected from the group consisting of rosin esters; polyamides; dimer acid amides; fatty acid amides; epoxy resins; fluid paraffin waxes; fluid microcrystalline waxes; Fischer-Tropsch waxes; polyvinyl alcohol resins; polyols; cellulose esters; cellulose ethers; polyvinyl pyridine resins; fatty acids; fatty acid esters; poly sulfonamides; benzoate esters; long chain alcohols; phthalate plasticizers; citrate plasticizers; maleate plasticizers; sulfones; polyvinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers; polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers; novalac resins; natural product waxes; mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides; and mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides. In one embodiment, the binder comprises a liquid crystalline material.

Claims

1. A hot melt ink composition which comprises a colorant, a binder, and a propellant selected from the group consisting of hydrazine;

cyclic amines;

ureas;

aldehydes;

ketones;

biphenyl;

hexane;

benzene;

phenols;

amides;

imides;

halocarbons;

urethanes;

ethers;

sulfones;

sulfamides;

methyl sulfonamide;

phosphites;

phosphonates;

alkyl sulfides;

alkyl acetates; and

sulfur dioxide, said ink being a solid at room temperature.

2. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of solvent dyes.

3. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of spirit soluble dyes.

4. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of rosin esters;

polyamides;

dimer acid amides;

fatty acid amides;

epoxy resins;

fluid paraffin waxes;

fluid microcrystalline waxes;

Fischer-Tropsch waxes;

polyvinyl alcohol resins;

polyols;

cellulose esters;

cellulose ethers;

polyvinyl pyridine resins;

fatty acids;

fatty acid esters;

poly sulfonamides;

benzoate esters;

long chain alcohols;

ethoxylated long chain alcohols;

phthalate plasticizers;

citrate plasticizers;

maleate plasticizers;

sulfones;

polyvinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers;

polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers;

novalac resins; and

natural product waxes.

5. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of phenol, halogen substituted phenols, cresols, propionamide, sulfones, methyl sulfamide, methyl sulfide, methyl acetate, sulfur dioxide, imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, and succinimide.

6. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, methyl sulfamide, succinimide, dimethyl sulfone, methyl sulfone, diethyl sulfone, diphenyl sulfone, and propionamide.

7. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the colorant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight, the binder is present in an amount of from 0 to 85 percent by weight, and the propellant is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 90 percent by weight.

8. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 1 wherein the propellant has a melting point of from about 50°

C. to about 150°

C., a boiling point of from about 180°

C. to about 250°

C., a viscosity in the liquid state of from about 1 to about 10 centipoise, and a surface tension in the liquid state of from about 20 to about 65 dynes per centimeter.

9. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 8 wherein the propellant has a melting point of from about 80°

C. to about 120°

C., a viscosity of from about 1 to about 5 centipoise in the liquid state, a surface tension of from about 40 to about 65 dynes per centimeter in the liquid state, a boiling point of from about 200°

C. to about 230°

C., and a boiling point that exceeds the melting point by at least 100°

C.

34. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus the ink composition of claim 6 and forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

10. A hot melt ink composition which comprises a colorant, a propellant, and a binder selected from the group consisting of rosin esters;

polyamides;

dimer acid amides;

fatty acid amides;

epoxy resins;

fluid paraffin waxes;

fluid microcrystalline waxes;

Fischer-Tropsch waxes;

polyvinyl alcohol resins;

polyols;

cellulose esters;

cellulose ethers;

polyvinyl pyridine resins;

fatty acids;

fatty acid esters;

poly sulfonamides;

benzoate esters;

citrate plasticizers;

maleate plasticizers;

sulfones;

polyvinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers;

polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers;

novalac resins;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides; and

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides, said ink being a solid at room temperature.

11. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of solvent dyes.

12. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of spirit soluble dyes.

13. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of water;

hydrazine;

alcohols;

cyclic amines;

ureas;

carboxylic acids;

sulfonic acids;

aldehydes;

ketones;

hydrocarbons;

esters;

phenols;

amides;

imides;

halocarbons;

urethanes;

ethers;

sulfones;

sulfamides;

sulfonamides;

phosphites;

phosphonates;

phosphates;

alkyl sulfides;

alkyl acetates; and

sulfur dioxide.

14. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of phenol, halogen substituted phenols, cresols, propionamide, sulfones, methyl sulfamide, ortho, para-toluenesulfonamide, methyl sulfide, methyl acetate, sulfur dioxide, imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, and succinimide.

15. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, methyl sulfamide, succinimide, dimethyl sulfone, methyl sulfone, diethyl sulfone, diphenyl sulfone, and propionamide.

16. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides;

linear long chain sulfones with from about 4 to about 16 carbon atoms; and

mixtures thereof.

17. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms and a material selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monohydroxystearate, glycerol monohydroxystearate, ethylene glycol monohydroxystearate, N(2-hydroxyethyl)-12-hydroxystearamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylene-bis-12-hydroxystearamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylene-bis-ricinoleamide, behenamide/arachidamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylenebisstearamide, oleyl palmitamide, stearamide, oleamide, erucamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylenebisoleamide, stearyl erucamide, erucyl erucamide, stearyl stearamide, erucyl stearamide, and mixtures thereof;

linear long chain sulfones with from about 4 to about 16 carbon atoms; and

mixtures thereof.

18. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the colorant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight, the binder is present in an amount of from 0 to 85 percent by weight, and the propellant is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 90 percent by weight.

19. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 10 wherein the binder has a melting point of from about 60°

C. to about 150°

C., a viscosity in the liquid state of from about 1 to about 10 centipoise, and a surface tension in the liquid state of from about 20 to about 65 dynes per centimeter.

20. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 19 wherein the binder has a melting point of from about 80°

C. to about 120°

C., a viscosity of from about 1 to about 5 centipoise in the liquid state, and a surface tension of from about 40 to about 65 dynes per centimeter in the liquid state.

35. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus the ink composition of claim 15 and forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

21. A hot melt ink composition which comprises a colorant, a propellant selected from the group consisting of hydrazine;

cyclic amines;

ureas;

aldehydes;

ketones;

biphenyl;

hexane;

benzene;

phenols;

amides;

imides;

halocarbons;

urethanes;

ethers;

sulfones;

sulfamides;

methyl sulfonamide;

phosphites;

phosphonates;

alkyl sulfides;

alkyl acetates; and

sulfur dioxide; and

a binder selected from the group consisting of rosin esters;

polyamides;

dimer acid amides;

fatty acid amides;

epoxy resins;

fluid paraffin waxes;

fluid microcrystalline waxes;

Fischer-Tropsch waxes;

polyvinyl alcohol resins;

polyols;

cellulose esters;

cellulose ethers;

polyvinyl pyridine resins;

fatty acids;

fatty acid esters;

poly sulfonamides;

benzoate esters;

citrate plasticizers;

maleate plasticizers;

sulfones;

polyvinyl pyrrolidonone copolymers;

polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers;

novalac resins;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides; and

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides, said ink being a solid at room temperature.

22. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of solvent dyes.

23. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of spirit soluble dyes.

24. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of phenol, halogen substituted phenols, cresols, propionamide, sulfones, methyl sulfamide, methyl sulfide, methyl acetate, sulfur dioxide, imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, and succinimide.

25. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the propellant is selected from the group consisting of imidazole, substituted imidazoles, pyrazine, pyrazole, substituted pyrazoles, methyl sulfamide, succinimide, dimethyl sulfone, methyl sulfone, diethyl sulfone, diphenyl sulfone, and propionamide.

26. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides;

linear long chain sulfones with from about 4 to about 16 carbon atoms; and

mixtures thereof.

27. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols with from about 16 to about 70 carbon atoms and a material selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monohydroxystearate, glycerol monohydroxystearate, ethylene glycol monohydroxystearate, N(2-hydroxyethyl)-12-hydroxystearamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylene-bis-12-hydroxystearamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylene-bis-ricinoleamide, behenamide/arachidamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylenebisstearamide, oleyl palmitamide, stearamide, oleamide, erucamide, N,N'"'"'-ethylenebisoleamide, stearyl erucamide, erucyl erucamide, stearyl stearamide, erucyl stearamide, and mixtures thereof;

linear long chain sulfones with from about 4 to about 16 carbon atoms; and

mixtures thereof.

28. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the colorant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight, the binder is present in an amount of from 0 to 85 percent by weight, and the propellant is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 90 percent by weight.

29. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 21 wherein the propellant has a melting point of from about 50°

C. to about 150°

C., a boiling point of from about 180°

C. to about 250°

C., a viscosity in the liquid state of from about 1 to about 10 centipoise, and a surface tension in the liquid state of from about 20 to about 65 dynes per centimeter; and

the binder has a melting point of from about 60°

C. to about 150°

C., a viscosity in the liquid state of from about 1 to about 10 centipoise, and a surface tension in the liquid state of from about 20 to about 65 dynes per centimeter.

30. A hot melt ink composition according to claim 29 wherein the propellant has a melting point of from about 80°

C. to about 120°

C., a viscosity of from about 1 to about 5 centipoise in the liquid state, a surface tension of from about 40 to about 65 dynes per centimeter in the liquid state, a boiling point of from about 200°

C. to about 230°

C., and a boiling point that exceeds the melting point by at least 100°

C., and the binder has a melting point of from about 80°

C. to about 120°

C., a viscosity of from about 1 to about 5 centipoise in the liquid state, and a surface tension of from about 40 to about 65 dynes per centimeter in the liquid state.

36. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus the ink composition of claim 25 and forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

31. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus an ink composition which comprises a colorant, a binder, and a propellant selected from the group consisting of hydrazine;

cyclic amines;

ureas;

aldehydes;

ketones;

phenols;

amides;

imides;

halocarbons;

urethanes;

ethers;

sulfones;

sulfamides;

methyl sulfonamide;

phosphites;

phosphonates;

alkyl sulfides;

alkyl acetates; and

sulfur dioxide; and

forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

37. A process according to claim 31 wherein the ink jet printing apparatus employs a thermal ink jet printing process.

32. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus an ink composition which comprises a colorant, a propellant, and a binder selected from the group consisting of rosin esters;

polyamides;

dimer acid amides;

fatty acid amides;

epoxy resins;

fluid paraffin waxes;

fluid microcrystalline waxes;

Fischer-Tropsch waxes;

polyvinyl alcohol resins;

polyols;

cellulose esters;

cellulose ethers;

polyvinyl pyridine resins;

fatty acids;

fatty acid esters;

poly sulfonamides;

benzoate esters;

citrate plasticizers;

maleate plasticizers;

sulfones;

polyvinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers;

polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers;

novalac resins;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides; and

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides; and

forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

38. A process according to claim 32 wherein the ink jet printing apparatus employs a thermal ink jet printing process.

33. A process for generating images which comprises incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus an ink composition which comprises a colorant, a propellant selected from the group consisting of hydrazine;

cyclic amines;

ureas;

carboxylic acids;

sulfonic acids;

aldehydes;

ketones;

hydrocarbons;

esters;

phenols;

amides;

imides;

halocarbons;

urethanes;

ethers;

sulfones;

sulfamides;

methyl sulfonamide;

phosphites;

phosphonates;

alkyl sulfides;

alkyl acetates; and

sulfur dioxide; and

a binder selected from the group consisting of rosin esters;

polyamides;

dimer acid amides;

fatty acid amides;

epoxy resins;

fluid paraffin waxes;

fluid microcrystalline waxes;

Fischer-Tropsch waxes;

polyvinyl alcohol resins;

polyols;

cellulose esters;

cellulose ethers;

polyvinyl pyridine resins;

fatty acids;

fatty acid esters;

poly sulfonamides;

benzoate esters;

long chain alcohols;

citrate plasticizers;

maleate plasticizers;

sulfones;

polyvinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers;

polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl acetate copolymers;

novalac resins;

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and linear long chain amides; and

mixtures of linear primary alcohols and fatty acid amides; and

forming images by melting the ink and causing the melted ink to be expelled in droplets onto a substrate, thereby generating an image on the substrate.

39. A process according to claim 33 wherein the ink jet printing apparatus employs a thermal ink jet printing process.