Electronically scanning vehicle radar sensor

• US 5,008,678 A
• Filed: 03/02/1990
• Issued: 04/16/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Herman, Martin I.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor, John B.
• Application Number:
  US07/487,338
• Time in Patent Office: 410 Days
• Field of Search: 342/158, 342/70, 342/71, 342/72, 342/61
• US Class Current: 342/158
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/87 Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/931 of land vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/0263 Passive array antenna
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9315 Monitoring blind spots
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/93272 in the back of the vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/93274 on the side of the vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/032 Constructional details for solid-state radar subsystems
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3233 particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 25/00 Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q3/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/24 varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Abstract

A plurality of transmitting (14, 16, 18, 20) and receiving antenna elements (22, 24, 26, 28) are formed on a support member (12) which may be mounted on a corner of a vehicle for scanning a pattern including areas on opposite sides of the vehicle corner. In an automotive application, the pattern may include a rear area, and a blind spot on the side of the vehicle adjacent to the rear area. A transmitter (50) is connected to the transmitting antenna elements (14, 16, 18, 20) by a passive phased array (30) such as a planar microstrip Butler matrix, and an electronic switch (52) which sequentially connects the transmitter (50) to inputs of the transmitting array (30). A receiver (62) is similarly connected to the receiving antenna elements (22, 24, 26, 28) by a planar microstrip passive phased array (40), and an electronic switch (64) which sequentially connects the receiver (62) to outputs of the receiving array (40). The support member (12) may be formed into a non-planar shape, or be flexible enough to be bent into a non-planar shape, to conform to a non-planar surface of the vehicle on which the sensor is to be mounted.

Claims

1. A scanning vehicle radar sensor, comprising:

support means;

a plurality of transmitting elements formed on the support means in predetermined relation to each other for scanning a predetermined pattern relative to a vehicle on which the sensor is mounted;

a passive phased transmitting array means formed on the support means, having a plurality of inputs, and a plurality of outputs connected to the transmitting antenna elements respectively;

radar transmitter means;

electronic transmitting switch means for sequentially connecting an output of the transmitter means to the inputs of the transmitting array means, and thereby scanning the transmitting antenna elements respectively;

a plurality of receiving antenna elements formed on the support means in predetermined relation to each other and to the transmitting antenna elements respectively for scanning said predetermined pattern;

a passive phase receiving array means formed on the support means, having a plurality of inputs connected to the receiving antenna elements respectively, and a plurality of outputs;

radar receiving means; and

electronic receiving switch means for scanning the receiving antenna elements in synchronism with operation of the transmitting switch means by sequentially connecting an input of the receiver means to the outputs of the receiving array means respectively;

the support means comprising a flexible sheet having a surface on which the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are formed for facing away from the vehicle, the sheet being capable of flexure for conforming to a non-planar surface of the vehicle on which the sensor is to be mounted.

2. A sensor as in claim 1, in which the transmitting array means and receiving array means each comprise a planar microstrip Butler matrix.

3. A sensor as in claim 1, in which the transmitting array means and receiving array means each comprise a planar microstrip Blass matrix.

4. A vehicle radar sensor for scanning around a corner of a vehicle, comprising:

support means for mounting on the corner of the vehicle;

a plurality of transmitting antenna elements formed on the support means in predetermined relation to each other for scanning a predetermined pattern including areas on opposite sides of the corner of the vehicle;

radar transmitter means;

transmitter scanning means for scanningly connecting the transmitter means to the transmitting antenna elements;

a plurality of receiving antenna elements formed on the support means in predetermined relation to each other and to the transmitting antenna elements respectively for scanning said predetermined pattern;

radar receiver means; and

receiver scanning means for scanningly connecting the receiver means to the receiving antenna elements in synchronism with operation of the transmitter scanning means;

the support means comprising a flexible sheet having a surface on which the transmitting and receiving antenna elements are formed for facing away from the corner of the vehicle, the sheet being capable of flexure to conform to a non-planar surface of the corner of the vehicle.

5. A sensor as in claim 4, in which:

the transmitter scanning means includes;

a microstrip passive phased transmitting array means formed on the support means, having a plurality of inputs, and a plurality of outputs connected to the transmitting antenna elements respectively; and

electronic transmitting switch means for sequentially connecting an output of the transmitter means to the inputs of the transmitting array means, and thereby scanning the transmitting antenna elements respectively;

the receiver scanning means includes;

a microstrip passive phased receiving array means formed on the support means, having a plurality of inputs connected to the receiving antenna elements respectively, and a plurality of outputs; and

electronic receiving switch means for sequentially connecting an input of the receiver means to the outputs of the receiving array means respectively, and thereby scanning the receiving antenna elements in synchronism with operation of the transmitting switch means.

6. A sensor as in claim 5, in which the transmitting array means and receiving array means each comprise a planar microstrip Butler matrix.

7. A sensor as in claim 5, in which the transmitting array means and receiving array means each comprise a planar microstrip Blass matrix.

8. A transmitter for a scanning vehicle radar sensor, comprising:

support means;

a plurality of transmitting antenna elements formed on the support means in predetermined relation to each other for scanning a predetermined pattern relative to a vehicle on which the sensor is mounted;

a passive phased transmitting array means formed on the support means, having a plurality of inputs, and a plurality of outputs connected to the transmitting antenna elements respectively;

radar transmitter means; and

electronic transmitting switch means for sequentially connecting an output of the transmitter means to the inputs of the transmitting array means, and thereby scanning the transmitting antenna elements respectively;

the support means comprising a flexible sheet having a surface on which the transmitting antenna elements are formed for facing away from the vehicle, the sheet being capable of flexure for conforming to a non-planar surface of the vehicle on which the sensor is to be mounted.

9. A transmitter as in claim 8, in which the transmitting array means comprises a planar microstrip Butler matrix.

10. A transmitter as in claim 8, in which the transmitting array means comprises a planar microstrip Blass matrix.