Medical drill assembly transparent to X-rays and targeting drill bit

• US 5,013,317 A
• Filed: 02/07/1990
• Issued: 05/07/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 02/07/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Richards Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Smith & Nephew Richards Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Inventors: Durham, A. Glenn, Cole, J. Dean
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafer, Robert A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Brown, Michael
• Application Number:
  US07/476,173
• Time in Patent Office: 454 Days
• Field of Search: 606/96, 606/97, 606/98, 606/80, 33/286, 33/262, 33/263, 33/334, 378/162, 378/163, 378/205, 446/144, 446/145
• US Class Current: 606/96
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1703 using imaging means, e.g. by X-rays
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1725 for applying transverse screws or pins through intramedullary nails or pins
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00902 transparent or translucent

Abstract

A medical drill or pin adapter which is X-ray transparent for aligning a drill bit or pin with an internal line of sight during a surgical procedure utilizes gears mounted within a housing. A drive source engages with the drill adapter rod which in turn rotates, via the gears, a drill bit or pin which is held by the adapter. The drive source is located and oriented out of a line of sight of the direction of the drill bit or pin. The housing, gears and the bit holder for holding the drill bit or pin are formed of X-ray transparent material.

The medical drill or pin adapter can be used in a medical X-ray system for aligning a drill bit or pin with an internal line of sight during a surgical procedure. The system includes an X-ray generating source for creating an X-ray field and an imaging monitor for observing an internal configuration in a patient'"'"'s body within the X-ray field. A power source for rotating the drill bit is connected to the drill adapter rod and a drill bit is mounted to the drill adapter out of the line of sight of the power source. The drill adapter, formed substantially of X-ray transparent material, operatively connects the power source to the drill bit. The adapter is shaped and dimensioned so that the power source is out of the line of sight of the drill bit when a surgeon is aligning the drill bit in a predetermined direction toward the internal configuration in the X-ray field.

Claims

1. An X-ray transparent adapter for aligning a drill bit, pin or other elongated member, the adapter being capable of connecting to a drive source, comprising:

a drive means having a first end and a second end;

means for holding the elongated member connected to said first end of said drive means;

means for engaging the drive source connected to said second end of said drive means;

said drive means being adapted to rotate the elongated member when driven by the drive source;

at lest said drive means and said means for holding the elongated member being formed of X-ray transparent material so that an operator can align the elongated member with an internal predetermined direction in an X-ray transparent medium; and

said means for holding and said means for engaging being located and oriented relative to each other so that the drive source is out of the X-ray line of sight when the operator aligns the elongated member with the internal predetermined direction.

2. The adapter of claim 1, wherein said adapter is autoclavable.

3. The adapter of claim 1, wherein said means for engaging the drive source comprises an irregularly-shaped metal rod adapted to be engaged by a power drill.

4. The adapter of claim 1, wherein said drive means comprises gear means formed of a thermoplastic material.

5. The adapter of claim 4, wherein the gear means comprises:

a pair of drive shafts respectively connected to said means for holding and said means for engaging; and

a pair of cooperating bevel gears respectively mounted on said drive shafts.

6. The adapter of claim 5, wherein said drive shafts are oriented ninety degrees relative to each other.

7. The adapter of claim 1, further comprising:

a housing formed in two halves, said housing encases said drive means; and

a plurality of bolts formed of an X-ray transparent material for connecting the two halves.

8. The adapter of claim 7, wherein said housing is formed of a polyetherimide thermoplastic material.

9. The adapter of claim 7, further comprising a handle connected to said housing.

10. An X-ray system for aligning a drill bit, pin or other elongated member with an internal line of sight during a surgical procedure, comprising:

an X-ray generating means for generating a radiation field;

a receiving means for receiving the radiation field;

an imaging means for observing an internal configuration in a patient'"'"'s body within the radiation field, said imaging means being electrically connected to said receiving means;

an elongated member for drilling a hole or inserting a pin within the internal configuration;

a drive source for rotating said elongated member; and

an adapter substantially formed of an X-ray transparent material for operatively connecting said drive source to said elongated member, said adapter being shaped and dimensioned so that said drive source is not in the X-ray line of sight of the radiation field permitting a surgeon to observe on said imaging means the alignment of said elongated member in a predetermined direction toward the internal configuration in the patient'"'"'s body with the radiation field.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein said adapter comprises:

a housing;

a drive means having a first end and a second end;

means for holding said elongated member connected to said first end of said drive means; and

means for engaging said drive source connected to said second end of said drive means.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein said housing is formed of a polyetherimide thermoplastic material.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein said housing is formed in two halves which are held together by a plurality of bolts formed of an X-ray transparent material.

14. The system of claim 11, wherein said drive means comprises gear means formed of a thermoplastic material.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said gear means comprises:

a pair of drive shafts respectively connected to said means for holding and said means for engaging; and

a pair of cooperating bevel gears respectively mounted on said drive shafts.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein said drive shafts are oriented ninety degrees relative to each other.

17. The system of claim 11, further comprising a handle connected to said housing.

18. The system of claim 10, wherein said adapter is autoclavable.

19. A method of aligning a drill bit, pin or other elongated member in an internal predetermined direction of a target in an x-ray transparent medium, comprising the steps of:

placing said target in a radiation field between a x-ray generating means and a x-ray receiving means;

aligning the internal predetermined direction of the target and x-rays in said radiation field by viewing said target on an imaging means electrically connected to said x-ray receiving means;

positioning an adapter with said elongated member in said radiation field;

aligning said elongated member with said internal predetermined direction of said target by viewing on said imaging means;

rotating said elongated member with a drive source connected to said adapter;

observing the alignment of said elongated member with said internal predetermined direction of said target as said elongated member advances toward said target.