Safety enclosures and systems for high speed vehicles
First Claim
1. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
- a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride;
said protective safety enclosure having thermal insulation between an exterior surface of said enclosure shell and said interior cabin;
at least one passenger seat adapted to support a passenger therein and, to restrain the passenger against movement relative to the interior cabin;
at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin;
at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening;
the enclosure shell and door means forming a substantially fluid-tight interior cabin against inward migration of gases and liquids when the door means closes the door opening;
at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to restrain a passenger within the at least one passenger seat and to in combination with the passenger seat resist passenger movement within the cabin;
a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions;
a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin relative to outside the enclosure, to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Safety enclosures for use in high speed vehicles such as aircraft and high speed trains. The safety enclosures include an enclosure shell which preferably has two shell walls separated by a crash resistant intermediate material which also provides thermal insulation against fires and acoustic attenuation. The enclosures also advantageously include cooling systems which utilize a refrigerant which is expanded through tubes connected along the inner wall of the enclosure shell. A compressed air supply is provided which supplies breathing air to passengers and is used to expand a crash bag. Air is supplied through both the crash bag at passenger contacting panels and through supply lines which exhaust near the passengers'"'"' heads. A motor driven door assembly is controlled to close as the crash bag is being deployed. Exhaust ports having check valves allow positive pressure to be maintained in the cabin of the enclosures to exclude smoke and fire. Passenger seating is provided which includes a dual shoulder harness restraint which is supplemented by the crash bag system. Seating includes a number of features designed to reduce shock and inertial forces experienced by the passengers during crashes. The safety enclosures are provided in singular units and modular arrays having single rows and opposing muliple rows of passenger seats.
49 Citations
87 Claims
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1. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride;
said protective safety enclosure having thermal insulation between an exterior surface of said enclosure shell and said interior cabin;at least one passenger seat adapted to support a passenger therein and, to restrain the passenger against movement relative to the interior cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening;
the enclosure shell and door means forming a substantially fluid-tight interior cabin against inward migration of gases and liquids when the door means closes the door opening;at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to restrain a passenger within the at least one passenger seat and to in combination with the passenger seat resist passenger movement within the cabin; a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin relative to outside the enclosure, to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 51, 84, 85)
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24. A protective safety enclosure for use within aircraft to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein against crash forces, fire and noxious gases, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell;
said enclosure shell having at least inner and outer spaced shell wall members with thermally insulating and impact resistant material contained therebetween;
said enclosure shell defining an interior cabin in which passengers ride;at least one passenger seat within said cabin to support at least one passenger therein and, to restrain the passenger against movement relative to the interior cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one power operated automatic door means which is operable to open and close the door opening;
the enclosure shell and door means forming a substantially fluid-tight interior cabin against inward migration of gases and liquids when the door means closes the door opening;at least one automatically controlled gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to restrain a passenger within the at least one passenger seat and to in combination with the passenger seat limit and cushion passenger movement within the cabin; an automatic cooling system adapted to sense the temperature of the safety enclosure and to automatically cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; an automatic contained compressed breathable gas supply for automatically supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted; at least one controller for automatically controlling the door means, crash bag, cooling system, and breathable gas supply. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 86, 87)
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37. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell;
said enclosure shell having at least inner and outer spaced shell wall members with thermally insulating and impact resistant material contained therebetween;
said enclosure shell defining an interior cabin in which passengers ride;passenger seating within said cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions;
said cooling system including a contained supply of refrigerant connected to supply a plurality of coolant expansion tubes mounted to the enclosure shell at spaced locations to exhaust refrigerant gas between the inner and outer wall members of the enclosure shell; and
wherein,the outer wall member of the enclosure shell is provided with refrigerant escape openings to allow the expanded refrigerant gas exhausted from the coolant expansion tubes to pass from between the inner and outer wall members of the enclosure shell. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 52)
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40. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to resist passenger movement within the cabin;
said crash bag including a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through a bag wall in said crash bag adjacent to at least one passenger to allow delivery of breathable gas to the passenger during deployment of said crash bag;a contained, compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted. - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43, 44)
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45. A crash bag system for use in a protective safety enclosure, comprising:
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a flexible bag envelope having at least one bag wall; a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through at least one bag wall of said bag envelope along passenger contacting panels;
at least some of said breathable gas openings being formed to allow delivery of a breathable gas therethrough for supplying the breathable gas to a passenger. - View Dependent Claims (46)
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47. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passages riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to resist passenger movement within the cabin;
said crash bag including a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through a bag wall along at least one passenger contacting panel to allow delivery of breathable gas to the passenger during deployment of said crash bag;a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted.
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48. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passages riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to resist passenger movement within the cabin;
said crash bag being adapted and automatically controlled to deploy for use during periods when the safety enclosure is subjected to substantial acceleration or deceleration forces;
said crash bag including a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through a bag wall along at least one passenger contacting panel to allow delivery of breathable gas to the passengers during deployment of said crash bag;a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted;
said breathable gas supply including at least one supply outlet adjacent to a location where a passenger head is expected to be during travel.
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49. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passages riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to resist passenger movement within the cabin;
said crash bag being adapted and automatically controlled to deploy for use during periods when the safety enclosure is subjected to substantial acceleration or deceleration forces;
said crash bag further including a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through a bag wall adjacent passengers to allow delivery of breathable gas to the passengers during deployment of said crash bag;a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted.
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50. A protective safety enclosure for use in aircraft and to accommodate and protect passages riding therein against crash forces, fire and noxious gases, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell;
said enclosure shell having at least inner and outer spaced shell wall members with thermally insulating and impact resistant material contained therebetween;
said enclosure shell defining an interior cabin in which passengers ride;passenger seating within said cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening; at least one automatically controlled gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to resist passenger movement within the cabin;
said crash bag including a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through a bag wall along at least one passenger contacting panel to allow delivery of breathable gas to the passenger during deployment of said crash bag;a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted.
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53. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride;
said protective safety enclosure having thermal and crash resistant insulation between an exterior surface of said enclosure shell and said interior cabin;at least one passenger seat adapted to support a passenger therein and, to restrain the passenger against movement relative to the interior cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening;
the enclosure shell and door means forming a substantially fluid-tight interior cabin against inward migration of gases and liquids when the door means closes the door opening;at least one gas-expandable crash bag mounted for controlled deployment to restrain a passenger within the at least one passenger seat and to in combination with the passenger seat resist passenger movement within the cabin; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
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61. A crash bag system, comprising:
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at least one flexible bag envelope having at least one bag wall; a plurality of breathable gas openings formed through at least one bag wall of said bag envelope to allow delivery of a breathable gas therethrough for supplying the breathable gas to a passenger. - View Dependent Claims (62, 63)
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64. A protective safety enclosure for mounting within a vehicle to accommodate and protect passengers riding therein, comprising:
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a protective enclosure shell having an interior cabin in which passengers ride;
said protective safety enclosure having thermal insulation between an exterior surface of said enclosure shell and said interior cabin;at least one passenger seat adapted to support a passenger therein and, to restrain the passenger against movement relative to the interior cabin; at least one door opening in said enclosure shell allowing access into and from the cabin; at least one door means which is operable to open and close the door opening;
the enclosure shell and door means forming a substantially fluid-tight interior cabin against inward migration of gases and liquids when the door means closes the door opening;at least one safety harness system to restrain a passenger within the passenger seat and to limit passenger movement with the cabin; a cooling system adapted to cool the cabin during periods of exposure of the safety enclosure to fire or other high temperature conditions; a contained compressed breathable gas supply for supplying a breathable gas to passengers within the cabin during periods when the door means is closed, and for creating a positive pressure within the cabin to exclude fumes and noxious gases which result during a fire within the vehicle in which the safety enclosure is mounted. - View Dependent Claims (65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83)
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Specification