Apparatus and method for minimizing undesired cursor movement in a computer controlled display system

• US 5,027,109 A
• Filed: 06/08/1989
• Issued: 06/25/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 06/08/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Donovan, Paul M., Chia, Swee T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Oberley, Alvin E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hjerpe, Richard
• Application Number:
  US07/363,586
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 340/710, 340/709, 340/706, 250/231.19, 250/231.18, 250/231.17, 250/231.16, 250/237 R, 250/23.15, 250/231.14, 250/231.13, 250/231.12, 250/231.11, 250/231.1, 33/1 M, 341/13, 341/94, 341/126, 341/143, 307/358, 307/353, 307/352, 328/151
• US Class Current: 345/165
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0312 for tracking the rotation of a spherical or circular member, e.g. optical rotary encoders used in mice or trackballs using a tracking ball or in mouse scroll wheels tracking relative movement in co-operation with a regularly or irregularly patterned surface, e.g. as in optical mice G06F3/0317; constructional details of scroll or thumb-wheels G06F3/0362; optical rotary encoders G01D5/3473
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04892 Arrangements for controlling cursor position based on codes indicative of cursor displacements from one discrete location to another, e.g. using cursor control keys associated to different directions or using the tab key arrangements for controlling cursor position based on coordinate signals G06F3/038
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/08 Cursor circuits

Abstract

An apparatus and method of minimizing undesired cursor movement in a computer controlled display system are disclosed. A cursor control device capable of generating an electrical signal indicative of a position of the cursor control device is provided. At least two temporally spaced portions of the electrical signal are sampled. Each of the samples is taken within a designated period of time. The period of time designated is a function of the predicted rate of movement of the cursor control device. The sampled portions are compared with each other and to an electrical signal previously sampled. The comparisons are analyzed for determining whether the cursor should be signaled to move on the display of the computer controlled display system. Use of this digital logic hysteresis technique minimizes "jitter" of the cursor when the cursor control device is substantially stationary.

Claims

1. A method of minimizing undesired cursor movement in a computer controlled display system, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a cursor control device capable of generating an electrical signal indicative of a position of said cursor control device;

(b) sampling at least two temporally spaced portions of said electrical signal, each of said portions being within a designated period of time, said period of time being a function of the predicted rate of movement of said cursor control device;

(c) comparing said at least two temporally spaced portions with each other and to an electrical signal previously sampled; and

(d) analyzing said comparisons for determining whether the cursor should be signaled to move on the display of said computer controlled display system.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of sampling includes the steps of:

(a) saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical signal; and

(b) saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) signaling said cursor to move when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative, and the determination in step (b), above, is in the negative.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (a), above, is in the negative.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (b), above, is in the affirmative.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of providing a cursor control device includes providing such a device with an X-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along an X-direction and a Y-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along a Y-direction, each encoding assembly including;

(a) electrical input means for providing a pulsed electrical input signal;

(b) light source means connected to said electrical input means for utilizing said pulsed electrical input signal to produce pulses of light;

(c) light collecting and electrical conducting means being in pulsed synchronization with said light source means, said light collecting and electrical conducting means being positioned in relation to said light source means for receiving and being responsive to light being produced by said light source means, and for producing an electrical output signal as an indication of such a response; and

,

(d) positionable light interrupting means for opening and closing the optical path of light being transmitted from said light source means to said light collecting and electrical conducting means sufficiently so as to affect said electrical output signal, the position of said light interrupting means being affected by a change in position of said cursor control device, the resulting pulsed output signal of said light collecting and electrical conducting means for providing indications of locations on the computer control display system, the device resulting in minimized power consumption as a result of the pulsed synchronization of said light source means and said light collecting and electrical conducting means.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of sampling includes the steps of:

(a) saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical output signal; and

(b) saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical output signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) signaling said cursor to move when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative, and the determination in step (b), above, is in the negative.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (a), above, is in the negative.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (b), above, is in the affirmative.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of providing a cursor control device includes providing such a device with an X-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along an X-direction and a Y-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along a Y-direction, each encoding assembly including;

(a) electrical input means for providing an electrical input signal;

(b) light source means connected to said electrical input means for utilizing said electrical input signal to produce pulses of light;

(c) light collecting and electrical conducting means being positioned in relation to said light source means for receiving and being responsive to light being produced by said light source means, and for producing an electrical output signal as an indication of such a response; and

,

(d) positionable light interrupting means for opening and closing the optical path of light being transmitted from said light source means to said light collecting and electrical conducting means sufficiently so as to affect said electrical output signal, the position of said light interrupting means being affected by a change in position of said cursor control device, the resulting output signal of said light collecting and electrical conducting means for providing indications of locations on the computer controlled display system.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said step of sampling included the steps of:

(a) saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical output signal; and

(b) saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical output signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps includes the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) signaling said cursor to move when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative, and the determination in step (b), above, is in the negative.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (a), above, is in the negative.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein said analyzing and comparing steps include the steps of:

(a) determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination in step (b), above, is in the affirmative.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein said electrical signal generated is provided by a contact encoder.

17. An apparatus for minimizing undesired cursor movement in a computer controlled display system, comprising:

(a) a cursor control device capable of generating an electrical signal indicative of a position of said cursor control device;

(b) means for sampling at least two temporally spaced portions of said electrical signal, each of said portions being within a designated period of time, said period of time being a function of the predicted rate of movement of said cursor control device;

(c) means for comparing said at least two temporally spaced portions with each other and to an electrical signal previously sampled; and

(d) means for analyzing said comparisons for determining whether the cursor should be signaled to move on the display of said computer controlled display system.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said means for sampling includes:

(a) means for saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical signal; and

(b) means for saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in step (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for signaling said cursor to move when both the determination by element (a), above, is in the affirmative and the determination by element (b), above, is in the negative.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination by element (a), above, is in the negative.

21. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination by element (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination by element (b), above, is in the affirmative.

22. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said cursor control device includes an X-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along an X-direction and a Y-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along a Y-direction, each encoding assembly including;

(a) electrical input means for providing a pulsed electrical input signal;

(b) light source means connected to said electrical input means for utilizing said pulsed electrical input signal to produce pulses of light;

(c) light collecting and electrical conducting means being in pulsed synchronization with said light source means, said light collecting and electrical conducting means being positioned in relation to said light source means for receiving and being responsive to light being produced by said light source means, and for producing an electrical output signal as an indication of such a response; and

,

(d) positionable light interrupting means for opening and closing the optical path of light being transmitted from said light source means to said light collecting and electrical conducting means sufficiently so as to affect said electrical output signal, the position of said light interrupting means being affected by a change in position of said cursor control device, the resulting pulsed output signal of said light collecting and electrical conducting means for providing indications of locations on the computer control display system, the device resulting in minimized power consumption as a result of the pulsed synchronization of said light source means and said light collecting and electrical conducting means.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein said means for sampling includes:

(a) means for saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical output signal; and

(b) means for saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical output signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing includes:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination by element (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for signaling said cursor to move when both the determination by element (a), above, is in the affirmative and the determination by element (b), above, is in the negative.

25. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination provided by element (a), above, is in the negative.

26. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination in element (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination provided by element (b), above, is in the affirmative.

27. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said cursor control device includes an X-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along an X-direction and a Y-axis optical encoding assembly for encoding along a Y-direction, each encoding assembly including;

(a) electrical input means for providing an electrical input signal;

(b) light source means connected to said electrical input means for utilizing said electrical input signal to produce pulses of light;

(c) light collecting and electrical conducting means being positioned in relation to said light source means for receiving and being responsive to light being produced by said light source means, and for producing an electrical output signal as an indication of such a response; and

,

(d) positionable light interrupting means for opening and closing the optical path of light being transmitted from said light source means to said light collecting and electrical conducting means sufficiently so as to affect said electrical output signal, the position of said light interrupting means being affected by a change in position of said cursor control device, the resulting output signal of said light collecting and electrical conducting means for providing indications of locations on the computer controlled display system.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein said means for sampling includes:

(a) means for saving a first portion, In₁, of said electrical output signal; and

(b) means for saving a second portion, In₂, of said electrical output signal, said first and second portions corresponding respectively to said at least two temporally spaced portions and said second portion being temporally spaced in substantially close proximity to said first portion.

29. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination provided by element (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for signaling said cursor to move when both the determination by element (a), above, is in the affirmative and the determination by element (b), above, is in the negative.

30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ; and

(b) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination by element (a), above, is in the negative.

31. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein said means for analyzing and comparing include:

(a) means for determining whether In₁ is equal to In₂ ;

(b) means for determining whether In₁ and In₂ are equal to said electrical signal previously sampled, when the determination provided by element (a), above, is in the affirmative; and

(c) means for maintaining the cursor in a stationary position when the determination provided by element (b), above, is in the affirmative.

32. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said cursor control device includes a contact encoder.