Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
First Claim
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1. A near-infrared quantitative analysis instrument for non-invasive measurement of blood glucose in blood present in a body part of a subject, comprising:
- (a) means for introducing near-infrared energy into blood present in a body part of a subject;
(b) a near-infrared detector for detecting near-infrared energy within the range of about 600 to 1110 nanometers emerging from the body part and for providing a signal upon detection of near-infrared energy within said range emerging from the body part;
(c) means for positioning both the near-infrared introducing means and the near-infrared detector closely adjacent to the body part so that near-infrared energy detected by the detector corresponds to blood glucose level in said body part; and
(d) means for processing the signal produced by the detector into a second signal indicative of the quantity of glucose present in the blood of the subject.
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Abstract
A near-infrared quantitative analysis instrument and method non-invasively measures blood glucose by analyzing near-infrared energy following interactance with venous or arterial blood, or transmission through a blood containing body part. The instrument and method is accurate and can readily be utilized for at-home testing by diabetics.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A near-infrared quantitative analysis instrument for non-invasive measurement of blood glucose in blood present in a body part of a subject, comprising:
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(a) means for introducing near-infrared energy into blood present in a body part of a subject; (b) a near-infrared detector for detecting near-infrared energy within the range of about 600 to 1110 nanometers emerging from the body part and for providing a signal upon detection of near-infrared energy within said range emerging from the body part; (c) means for positioning both the near-infrared introducing means and the near-infrared detector closely adjacent to the body part so that near-infrared energy detected by the detector corresponds to blood glucose level in said body part; and (d) means for processing the signal produced by the detector into a second signal indicative of the quantity of glucose present in the blood of the subject. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
- 24. The analysis instrument of claim 1 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula
- space="preserve" listing-type="equation">C=K.sub.0 +K.sub.1 [log 1/I.sub.A -2*log 1/I.sub.B +log 1/I.sub.C ]
wherein C is a concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">[log 1/I.sub.A -2*log 1/I.sub.B +log 1/I.sub.C ]and log 1/IA, log 1/IB, and log 1/IC each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths A, B and C.
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25. The analysis instrument of claim 1 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula ##EQU2## wherein C is a concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of ##EQU3## and log 1/IG, log 1/IH, log 1/II and log 1/IJ each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths G, H, I and J.
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26. The analysis instrument of claim 1 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula ##EQU4## wherein C is concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of ##EQU5## and log 1/IA, log 1/IB, log 1/IC, log 1/ID, log 1/IE, and log 1/IF each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths A, B, C, D, E and F.
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21. The method of claim 21 wherein near infrared energy centered on about 980 nanometers is introduced into the blood within said body part.
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27. A non-invasive method for quantitatively analyzing blood glucose in blood of a subject, comprising:
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(a) introducing at least one pair of wavelengths of near-infrared energy into blood within a body part of the subject, said pair being centered on a wavelength within the range of about 600 to 1100 nanometers; (b) detecting near-infrared energy emerging from the subject with a detector which provides a signal upon detecting energy emerging from the subject, and (c) processing the signal to provide a second signal indicative of the amount of glucose present in the blood of the subject. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
- 30. The method of claim 27 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula
- space="preserve" listing-type="equation">C=K.sub.0 +K.sub.1 [log 1/I.sub.A -2*log 1/I.sub.B +log 1/I.sub.C ]
wherein C is concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">[log 1/I.sub.A -2*log 1/I.sub.B +log 1/I.sub.C ]and log 1/IA, log 1/IB, and log 1/IC each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths A, B and C.
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31. The method of claim 27 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula ##EQU6## wherein C is concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of ##EQU7## and log 1/IG, log 1/IH, log 1/II and log 1/IJ each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths G, H, I and J.
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32. The method of claim 27 wherein the signal processing means processes the signal according to the formula ##EQU8## wherein C is concentration of glucose present in the blood, K0 is an intercept constant, K1 is line slope of ##EQU9## and log 1/IA, log 1/IB, log 1/IC, log 1/ID, log 1/IE, and log 1/IF each represent an optical density value at corresponding wavelengths A, B, C, D, E and F.
Specification