Polarographic method for measuring both analyte and oxygen with the same detecting electrode of an electroenzymatic sensor
First Claim
1. A polarographic method for detecting both an analyte and oxygen with a detecting electrode of an electro-enzymatic sensor having at least two or more electrodes, said method comprises:
- contacting the analyte with the detecting electrode wherein the detecting electrode includes an enzymatic reaction layer containing an enzyme for reacting with the analyte in the presence of oxygen to generate an anodically active product;
exposing the same detecting electrode having a first polarity to a voltage for generating an anodic current derived from the anodically active product generated from the reaction between the enzyme and the analyte in the presence of oxygen;
reversing the polarity of the same detecting electrode;
exposing the same detecting electrode having a polarity opposite said first polarity to a voltage for generating a cathodic current derived from electrochemically reducing the oxygen in the enzymatic reaction layer; and
detecting both the anodic current and the cathodic current generated from the same detecting electrode as a function of the analyte and the oxygen, respectively, in the same enzymatic reaction layer.
0 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Novel polarographic (voltametric) methods for measuring in vivo or in vitro analytes in an animal tissue and oxygen in the sensor enzymatic reaction layer with an electroenzymatic sensor are disclosed. The new and vastly improved methods are directed to generating from the electroenzymatic sensor at a suitable voltage an anodic current derived from an anodically active product generated by enzymatic activity on an analyte for measuring the analyte and a cathodic current derived from reducing the oxygen in the sensor enzymatic reaction layer for measuring the oxygen. Additionally, the method contemplates switching the voltage between anodic and cathodic potentials to generate anodic and cathodic currents or applying the voltage at a fixed rate. Advantageously, the methods of this invention may be utilized with implanted sensors in an animal including a human. The sensors may be implanted in blood or non-blood sites. Finally, the methods of this invention further contemplate analyzing the type of conditions around the implanted sensor site to improve the reliability of the sensor as well as the detection of the analyte by the sensor.
334 Citations
11 Claims
-
1. A polarographic method for detecting both an analyte and oxygen with a detecting electrode of an electro-enzymatic sensor having at least two or more electrodes, said method comprises:
-
contacting the analyte with the detecting electrode wherein the detecting electrode includes an enzymatic reaction layer containing an enzyme for reacting with the analyte in the presence of oxygen to generate an anodically active product; exposing the same detecting electrode having a first polarity to a voltage for generating an anodic current derived from the anodically active product generated from the reaction between the enzyme and the analyte in the presence of oxygen; reversing the polarity of the same detecting electrode; exposing the same detecting electrode having a polarity opposite said first polarity to a voltage for generating a cathodic current derived from electrochemically reducing the oxygen in the enzymatic reaction layer; and detecting both the anodic current and the cathodic current generated from the same detecting electrode as a function of the analyte and the oxygen, respectively, in the same enzymatic reaction layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
-
-
11. In a polarographic method for detecting glucose and oxygen with an electroenzymatic sensor having at least two or more electrodes, the improvement comprises:
-
contacting the glucose with a detecting electrode of the electroenzymatic sensor wherein the detecting electrode includes an enzymatic reaction layer containing glucose oxidase for reacting with the glucose in the presence of oxygen to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide; exposing the same detecting electrode having a first polarity to a voltage for generating an anodic current derived from the hydrogen peroxide produced from the reaction between the glucose and glucose oxidase in the presence of oxygen; reversing the polarity of the same detecting electrode; exposing the same detecting electrode having a polarity opposite said first polarity to a voltage for generating a cathodic current derived from electrochemically reducing the oxygen in he enzymatic reaction layer; and detecting the anodic current and the cathodic current generated from the same detecting electrode as a function of the glucose and the oxygen, respectively, in the same enzymatic reaction layer.
-
Specification