"Artificial Intelligence" based learning system predicting "Peak-Period" times for elevator dispatching

• US 5,035,302 A
• Filed: 03/02/1990
• Issued: 07/30/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Otis Elevator Company (Otis Worldwide Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Otis Elevator Company (Otis Worldwide Corp.)
• Inventors: Thangavelu, Kandasamy
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellinen, A. D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Duncanson, Jr., W. E.
• Application Number:
  US07/487,574
• Time in Patent Office: 515 Days
• Field of Search: 187/124, 187/125, 187/127
• US Class Current: 187/382
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 1/2408 where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 2201/222 Taking into account the number of passengers present in the elevator car to be allocated
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 2201/402 by historical, statistical or predicted traffic data, e.g. by learning
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 2201/403 by real-time traffic data

Abstract

The present invention is directed to an elevator dispatching system for controlling the assignment of elevator cars. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a method of determining the commencement and/or conclusion of UP-PEAK and DOWN-PEAK periods of operation. For example, for commencing UP-PEAK operation, a lobby boarding count is predicted, based on historical information of the number of passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby. The predicted lobby boarding count is compared with a predetermined threshold value. If the predicted lobby boarding count is greater than the predetermined threshold value, UP-PEAK is commenced. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined threshold value is a predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population. Additionally, the present invention is directed to a method of adjusting the threshold value based on actual passenger traffic. For example, once UP-PEAK is commenced, the load of the first few elevators leaving the lobby within a predetermined time interval is determined, and the threshold value is adjusted based on their determined load. If the determined load is greater than a certain percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity, indicative of starting UP-PEAK too late, the threshold value is decreased. Similarly, if the determined load is less than a certain percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity, indicative of starting UP-PEAK too soon, the threshold value is increased.

Claims

1. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from a lobby level to various floors in a building having a predetermined population, a method of determining the commencement of an UP-PEAK period of operation, said method comprising the steps of:

obtaining historical information of the number of passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during a plurality of predetermined time intervals, said time intervals being within a predetermined time period;

predicting a lobby boarding count for a specific predetermined time interval based on said historical information;

comparing said predicted lobby boarding count with a predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population; and

commencing UP-PEAK operation at the beginning of said specific time interval if said predicted lobby boarding count is greater than said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population.

2. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators leaving the lobby during said specific time interval if UP-PEAK operation was commenced at the beginning thereof; and

adjusting said predetermined percentage based on said determined load.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 65 percent.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of increasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 50 percent.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population is about 2 percent.

10. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising the steps of:

adjusting the beginning of the predetermined time period based on the starting time of UP-PEAK operation, said adjusted predetermined time period to be used for obtaining a subsequent day'"'"'s historical information.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said predetermined time period is adjusted to begin about 15 minutes before the previous day'"'"'s starting time of UP-PEAK operation.

12. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from a lobby level to various floors in a building having a predetermined population, a method of determining the conclusion of an UP-PEAK period of operation, said method comprising the steps of:

obtaining historical information of the number of passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during a plurality of predetermined time intervals, said time intervals being within a predetermined time period;

predicting a lobby boarding count for a specific predetermined time interval based on said historical information;

comparing said predicted lobby boarding count with a predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population; and

concluding UP-PEAK operation at the beginning of said specific time interval if said predicted lobby boarding count is less than said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population.

13. The method of claim 12, said method further comprising the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators leaving the lobby during said specific time interval if UP-PEAK operation was concluded at the beginning thereof; and

adjusting said predetermined percentage based on said determined load.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 35 percent.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of increasing said predeterminded percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 25 percent.

20. The method of claim 12, wherein said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population is about 1.5 percent.

21. The method of claim 12, said method further comprising the steps of:

adjusting the end of the predetermined time period based on the concluding time of UP-PEAK operation, said adjusted predetermined time period to be used for obtaining a subsequent day'"'"'s historical information.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein said predetermined time period is adjusted to end about 15 minutes after the previous day'"'"'s ending time of UP-PEAK operation.

23. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from various floors to a lobby level in a building having a predetermined population, a method of determining the commencement of a DOWN-PEAK period of operation, said method comprising the steps of:

obtaining historical information of the number of passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during a plurality of predetermined time intervals, said time intervals being within a predetermined time period;

predicting a lobby deboarding count for a specific predetermined time interval based on said historical information;

comparing said predicted lobby deboarding count with a predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population; and

commencing DOWN-PEAK operation at the beginning of said specific time interval if said predicted lobby deboarding count is greater than said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population.

24. The method of claim 23, said method further comprising the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators arriving at the lobby during said specific time interval if DOWN-PEAK operation was commenced at the beginning thereof; and

adjusting said predetermined percentage based on said determined load.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 65 percent.

28. The method of claim 24, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of increasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 50 percent.

31. The method of claim 23, wherein said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population is about 2 percent.

32. The method of claim 23, said method further comprising the steps of:

adjusting the beginning of the predetermined time period based on the starting time of DOWN-PEAK operation, said adjusted predetermined time period to be used for obtaining a subsequent day'"'"'s historical information.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein said predetermined time period is adjusted to begin about 15 minutes before the previous day'"'"'s starting time of DOWN-PEAK operation.

34. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from various floors to a lobby level in a building having a predetermined population, a method of determining the conclusion of a DOWN-PEAK period of operation, said method comprising the steps of:

obtaining historical information of the number of passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during a plurality of predetermined time intervals, said time intervals being within a predetermined time period;

predicting a lobby deboarding count for a specific predetermined time interval based on said historical information;

comparing said predicted lobby deboarding count with a predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population; and

concluding DOWN-PEAK operation at the beginning of said specific time interval if said predicted lobby deboarding count is less than said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population.

35. The method of claim 34, said method further comprising the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators arriving at the lobby during said specific time interval if DOWN-PEAK operation was concluded at the beginning thereof; and

adjusting said predetermined percentage based on said determined load.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

38. The method of claim 36, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 35 percent.

39. The method of claim 35, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined percentage comprises the step of increasing said predetermined percentage by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein said predetermined amount is about 0.25 percent.

41. The method of claim 39, wherein said predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity is about 25 percent.

42. The method of claim 34, wherein said predetermined percentage of the building'"'"'s population is about 1.5 percent.

43. The method of claim 34, said method further comprising the steps of:

adjusting the end of the predetermined time period based on the concluding time of DOWN-PEAK operation, said adjusted predetermined time period to be used for obtaining a subsequent day'"'"'s historical information.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein said predetermined time period is adjusted to end about 15 minutes after the previous day'"'"'s ending time of DOWN-PEAK operation.

45. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from a lobby level to various floors in a building, the system having a method of determining the commencement of an UP-PEAK period of operation based on a predicted lobby boarding count and a predetermined threshold value, a method of adjusting said threshold value comprising the steps of:

predicting said lobby boarding count based on historical information of the number of passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during a predetermined time interval;

comparing said predicted lobby boarding count with said predetermined threshold value;

commencing UP-PEAK operation if said predicted lobby boarding count is greater than said predetermined threshold value; and

adjusting said threshold value based on actual passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during at least a portion of UP-PEAK operation.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein said predetermined threshold value is a predetermined percentage of the building population.

47. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of adjusting said threshold value comprises the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators leaving the lobby during a predetermined time interval within UP-PEAK operation; and

adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

49. The method of claim 47, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of increasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

50. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from a lobby level to various floors in a building, the system having a method of determining the conclusion of an UP-PEAK period of operation based on a predicted lobby boarding count and a predetermined threshold value, a method of adjusting said threshold value comprising the steps of:

predicting said lobby boarding count based on historical information of the number of passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during a first predetermined time interval;

comparing said predicted lobby boarding count with said predetermined threshold value;

concluding UP-PEAK operation if said predicted lobby boarding count is less than said predetermined threshold value; and

adjusting said threshold value based on actual passengers boarding the elevators at the lobby during a second predetermined time interval after the conclusion of UP-PEAK operation.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein said predetermined threshold value is a predetermined percentage of the building population.

52. The method of claim 50, wherein the step of adjusting said threshold value comprises the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators leaving the lobby during said second predetermined time interval after the conclusion of UP-PEAK operation; and

adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

54. The method of claim 52, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of increasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

55. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from various floors to a lobby level in a building, the system having a method of determining the commencement of a DOWN-PEAK period of operation based on a predicted lobby deboarding count and a predetermined threshold value, a method of adjusting said threshold value comprising the steps of:

predicting said lobby deboarding count based on historical information of the number of passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during a predetermined time interval;

comparing said predicted lobby deboarding count with said predetermined threshold value;

commencing DOWN-PEAK operation if said predicted lobby deboarding count is greater than said predetermined threshold value; and

adjusting said threshold value based on actual passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during at least a portion of DOWN-PEAK operation.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein said predetermined threshold value is a predetermined percentage of the building population.

57. The method of claim 55, wherein the step of adjusting said threshold value comprises the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators arriving at the lobby during a predetermined time interval within DOWN-PEAK operation; and

adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

59. The method of claim 57, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of increasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

60. In an elevator dispatching system controlling the assignment of elevator cars from various floors to a lobby level in a building, the system having a method of determining the conclusion of a DOWN-PEAK period of operation based on a predicted lobby deboarding count and a predetermined threshold value, a method of adjusting said threshold value comprising the steps of:

predicting said lobby deboarding count based on historical information of the number of passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during a first predetermined time interval;

comparing said predicted lobby deboarding count with said predetermined threshold value;

concluding DOWN-PEAK operation if said predicted lobby deboarding count is less than said predetermined threshold value; and

adjusting said threshold value based on actual passengers deboarding the elevators at the lobby during a second predetermined time interval after the conclusion of DOWN-PEAK operation.

61. The method of claim 60, wherein said predetermined threshold value is a predetermined percentage of the building population.

62. The method of claim 60, wherein the step of adjusting said threshold value comprises the steps of:

determining the load of at least the first two elevators arriving at the lobby during said second predetermined time interval after the conclusion of DOWN-PEAK operation; and

adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of decreasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.

64. The method of claim 62, wherein said step of adjusting said predetermined threshold value based on said determined load comprises the step of increasing said predetermined threshold value by a predetermined amount if said determined load is less than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the elevator car'"'"'s capacity.