Patch electrode for heart defibrillator
First Claim
1. A flexible, planar patch electrode for cardiac defibrillation comprising:
- a planar wire mesh having a contact side and an opposite insulation side, the wire mesh having a base region with a plurality of protrusions extending therefrom in a generally longitudinal direction, and with each adjacent pair of protrusions being separated by a generally longitudinally extending slot extending outward from the base region;
an electrically insulated lead having a conductor conductively secured to the base region of the patch and centrally located thereon relative to a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction;
a flexible layer of insulation secured to the insulation side of the wire mesh and covering any noninsulated portion of the wire mesh; and
an electrically insulated radiopaque marker disposed about the periphery of the wire mesh.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A flexible, planar patch electrode for cardiac defibrillation is fabricated from conductive wire mesh covered on an insulation side by a flexible layer of insulation. The electrode provides a substantial electrical contact area of 2-4 square inches and is shaped to provide an essentially rectangular base region with a plurality of protrusions extending longitudinally therefrom. he protrusions may be readily flexed to follow natural heart contours and slots between protrusions may be positioned to avoid features such as arteries near the surface of the heart. Central attachment of a lead within the base region minimizes current density and corresponding I2 R energy losses.
90 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A flexible, planar patch electrode for cardiac defibrillation comprising:
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a planar wire mesh having a contact side and an opposite insulation side, the wire mesh having a base region with a plurality of protrusions extending therefrom in a generally longitudinal direction, and with each adjacent pair of protrusions being separated by a generally longitudinally extending slot extending outward from the base region; an electrically insulated lead having a conductor conductively secured to the base region of the patch and centrally located thereon relative to a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; a flexible layer of insulation secured to the insulation side of the wire mesh and covering any noninsulated portion of the wire mesh; and an electrically insulated radiopaque marker disposed about the periphery of the wire mesh. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A flexible, planar patch electrode for cardiac defibrillation comprising:
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a planar foraminous screen having a periphery shaped to define a base region and a plurality of protrusions extending in a longitudinal direction from the base region with each pair of adjacent protrusions being separated by a longitudinally extending slot, the screen having a contact side for making physical electrically conductive contact with a heart and an opposite noncontact side; an insulated lead having a conductor with a noninsulated end secured to the base region of the screen midway between the sides thereof to provide good electrical communication with the screen at a location that minimizes electrical resistance in a path through the screen from the conductor to the laterally outermost protrusions, the conductor extending from the secured end in a direction opposite the protrusions; a layer of insulation secured to the noncontact side of the screen and covering the noninsulated end of the lead conductor, the layer of insulation having a periphery similar in shape to the periphery of the screen but extending beyond he periphery of the screen to assure electrical isolation on the noncontact side of the screen; and an electrically insulated radiopaque marker threaded about the periphery of the planar foraminous screen. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A single flexible, planar cardiac defibrillation electrode providing substantial area contact with a heart surface without significantly interfering with heart operation and without interfering with features on the surface of the heart comprising:
a wire mesh planar screen having a contact size and a noncontact side, an insulated lead a electrically connected at one end to the noncontact side of the planar screen and a layer of insulation covering the noncontact side of the planar screen and any noninsulated portion of the one end of the lead, the electrode having a base region connected to the lead and a plurality of protrusions each separated from an adjacent protrusion by an intermediate slot extending in a longitudinal direction from the base region to enable the base region and protrusions to be shaped into conformal contact with a surface of a heart while allowing any surface feature to be located within an intermediate slot to obtain a substantial surface contact area in the range of 2 to 4 square inches while avoiding significant interference with any motion of the contacted heart surface or features on the contacted heart surface;
the wire mesh planar screen having a plurality of spaced-apart orthogonally oriented mesh strands wherein one of the strands are oriented in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the protrusions so that other ones of the strands are oriented in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction for generating a substantially uniform electric field in the protrusions essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
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19. A single flexible, planar patch electrode for cardiac defibrillation comprising:
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a planar wire mesh having a contact side and an opposite insulation side, the wire mesh having a base region with a plurality of protrusions extending therefrom in a generally longitudinal direction, and with each adjacent pair of protrusions being separated by a generally longitudinally extending slot extending outward from the base region, the planar wire mesh having a plurality of spaced-apart orthogonally oriented mesh strands wherein ones of the strands are oriented in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the protrusions so that other ones of the strands are oriented in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction for generating a substantially uniform electric field in the protrusions essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction; an electrically insulated lead having a conductor conductively secured to the base region of the patch and centrally located thereon relative to a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and a flexible layer of insulation secured to the insulation side of the wire mesh and covering any in an insulated portion of the wire mesh.
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Specification