Optical system for an ophthamological instrument for examination of pupillary responses
First Claim
1. An ophthalmological instrument for examination of pupillary responses and extrinsic eye muscle balance comprising:
- first and second pupil imaging optics, each of said first and second pupil imaging optics including illuminating sources, said first and second pupil imaging optics includingfirst and second collimating lenses passing collimated images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils,a first mirror located on the optical axis of one of said collimating lenses and at an angle thereto for deflecting a collimated image perpendicular to the optical axis of the other of said collimating lenses,a first beam splitter located on the optical axis of said other of said collimating lenses and at an angle thereto for passing a collimated image from said other of said collimating lenses and deflecting a collimated image from said one of said collimating means away from and along the axis of said other of said collimating lenses, anda third lens for focusing the collimated images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils on said image plane;
first and second infrared illuminating sources;
first and second light stimulus devices for selectively stimulating the retinas of a patient'"'"'s left and right eyes, said first and second light stimulus devices includingfirst and second plurality of visible light sources, each of said first and second plurality of light sources corresponding to a plurality of regions of a patient'"'"'s eyes and being individually and selectively energized, andfirst and second cold mirrors located on the optical axes of said first and second collimating lenses, respectively, and at an angle thereto to deflect light respectively from said first and second plurality of visible light sources to a patient'"'"'s eyes, said cold mirrors passing infrared light from the patient'"'"'s pupils to said first and second collimating lenses;
second and third beam splitters located on the optical axes of said first and second collimating lenses, respectively, and at an angle thereto to deflect light respectively from said first and second infrared illuminating sources to a patient'"'"'s eyes, said beam splitters passing light from the patient'"'"'s pupils to said first and second collimating lenses; and
a single video camera having a photosensitive image plane, said first and second pupil imaging optics simultaneously focusing images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils on different areas of said image plane.
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Abstract
A pupil function analyzer has three major subsystems; an electro-optical system, an electronic interface system and a computer/software system. The electro-optical system can, in turn, be described in terms of three subsystems; one that delivers controlled lights to the patient'"'"'s eyes, another that forms images of the two pupils on a television camera, and a third that moves the optics to maintain alignment with the patient'"'"'s eyes. The electronic interface system converts signals from the television camera into digital signals to be read by the computer and also responds to the computer to move motors for the maintenance of optical alignment and also operates the light stimuli. The computer/software saves and analyzes the signals sent by the electronic interface, controls the alignment motors, and provides an operator interface, so that the operator can select tests and examine the results.
33 Citations
16 Claims
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1. An ophthalmological instrument for examination of pupillary responses and extrinsic eye muscle balance comprising:
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first and second pupil imaging optics, each of said first and second pupil imaging optics including illuminating sources, said first and second pupil imaging optics including first and second collimating lenses passing collimated images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils, a first mirror located on the optical axis of one of said collimating lenses and at an angle thereto for deflecting a collimated image perpendicular to the optical axis of the other of said collimating lenses, a first beam splitter located on the optical axis of said other of said collimating lenses and at an angle thereto for passing a collimated image from said other of said collimating lenses and deflecting a collimated image from said one of said collimating means away from and along the axis of said other of said collimating lenses, and a third lens for focusing the collimated images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils on said image plane; first and second infrared illuminating sources; first and second light stimulus devices for selectively stimulating the retinas of a patient'"'"'s left and right eyes, said first and second light stimulus devices including first and second plurality of visible light sources, each of said first and second plurality of light sources corresponding to a plurality of regions of a patient'"'"'s eyes and being individually and selectively energized, and first and second cold mirrors located on the optical axes of said first and second collimating lenses, respectively, and at an angle thereto to deflect light respectively from said first and second plurality of visible light sources to a patient'"'"'s eyes, said cold mirrors passing infrared light from the patient'"'"'s pupils to said first and second collimating lenses; second and third beam splitters located on the optical axes of said first and second collimating lenses, respectively, and at an angle thereto to deflect light respectively from said first and second infrared illuminating sources to a patient'"'"'s eyes, said beam splitters passing light from the patient'"'"'s pupils to said first and second collimating lenses; and a single video camera having a photosensitive image plane, said first and second pupil imaging optics simultaneously focusing images of a patient'"'"'s left and right pupils on different areas of said image plane. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. The ophthalmological instrument for examination of pupillary responses and extrinsic eye muscle balance comprising:
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illumination means for focusing infrared light in a small spot at a central point of a cornea of one of a patient'"'"'s eyes, said spot being smaller than a pupil of said one of the patient'"'"'s eyes, the infrared light passing through the pupil causing it to be back lighted from light scattered at a retina of said one of the patient'"'"'s eyes; and measuring means for imaging the back lighted pupil and measuring a diameter of the imaged pupil. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16)
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Specification