Apparatus for displaying the remaining charge of rechargeable battery

• US 5,043,651 A
• Filed: 09/13/1989
• Issued: 08/27/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Inventors: Tamura, Yoshiharu
• Primary Examiner(s): HICKEY, ROBERT
• Application Number:
  US07/406,473
• Time in Patent Office: 713 Days
• Field of Search: 320/13, 320/14, 320/37, 320/38, 320/43, 320/44, 320/48
• US Class Current: 320/136
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16542 for batteries charge condition monitoring in G01R31/36
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm

Abstract

An apparatus having a rechargeable battery and a battery voltage detector which detects the output voltage of the battery to produce a detection signal when the output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold level. A controller stores a battery capacity value and accumulates the discharge of the battery to produce an accumulated capacity value. The controller also calculates a difference between the stored capacity value and the accumulated capacity value. Using the difference, a display displays the remaining charge value of the battery thereon. If the difference exceeds a predetermined value at a time the controller receives the detection signal, the controller changes the stored capacity value to a new capacity value. Alternatively, the controller may change a rate of accumulating the battery discharge.

The apparatus may have a current detector for detecting a current flowing through the battery. The controller may accumulate the battery discharge based on the detected current.

Claims

1. An apparatus for monitoring the residual capacity of a battery comprising:

means for detecting the output voltage of a battery and for producing a detection signal when said output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold level;

means for storing a first value;

means for accumulating the discharge of said battery to produce a second value;

first means for calculating a difference between said first and second values to produce a difference value;

means responsive to said difference value for displaying the remaining charge value of said battery;

second means responsive to said detection signal for providing said second value to said calculating means; and

means for changing either said first value or an accumulating rate of said accumulating means when said difference value is higher than a predetermined value.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said storing means comprises means for storing a battery capacity C_f of said battery as said first value, and wherein said accumulating means comprises third means for calculating said second value (A) according to an equation;

##EQU3## where;

a_i is a weighting value, I_i is an operating current and t_i is an operating time at said current I_i, and

wherein said first means comprises means for subtracting said second value A from said first value C_j to produce said difference value C_R =C_f -A.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:

current detector means for detecting a current flowing through said battery to produce a detected current value; and

fourth means for providing said detected current value to said third means as said operating current I_i.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said current detector means comprises:

a resistor connected in series with said battery;

means receiving a voltage from said battery for producing a stabilized reference voltage; and

means connected to said resistor and responsive to said reference voltage for detecting said current flowing through said resistor to produce a detected current, for converting said detected current into a digital value and for producing said digital value as said detected current value.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising package means for accommodating said battery, said detecting means, said accumulating means, said storing means, said first and second means, said changing means, said current detector means and said fourth means, said displaying means being attached to said package means.

6. An apparatus for monitoring residual capacity of a battery comprising:

means for storing a first value;

first means for producing a first detection signal when the output voltage of a battery falls below a predetermined threshold value;

means for accumulating the discharge of said battery to produce an accumulated discharge value;

means responsive to said first value and said accumulated value for calculating the remaining charge of said battery to produce a remaining charge value;

means for displaying said remaining charge value;

means responsive to said first detection signal for comparing said remaining charge value with a predetermined value to produce a change signal when said remaining charge value exceeds said predetermined value; and

means responsive to said change signal for changing either said first value or an accumulating rate of said accumulating means.

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a rechargeable battery.

8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said rechargeable battery comprises a Ni-Cd alkaline battery.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first means comprises voltage comparator means for comparing the output voltage of said battery and said predetermined threshold value to produce said first detection signal when said output voltage falls below said predetermined threshold value.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said displaying means comprises a bar-graph type display.

11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising means for detecting a current flowing through said battery to produce a second detection signal, wherein said calculating means comprises means responsive to said first value, said accumulated discharge value and said second detection signal for calculating said remaining charge of said battery to produce said remaining charge value.

12. An apparatus comprising:

a battery adapted to power electrical equipment;

a display;

means for storing a battery capacity value C_f ;

means for detecting the output voltage of said battery to produce a detection signal when said output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold value;

first means for calculating an accumulated discharge value A of said battery by an equation ##EQU4## where a_i is a weighting constant, I_i is an operating current of said equipment and t_i is a time for which said equipment operates at said current I_i ;

second means for calculating a difference C_R between said values C_f and A, C_R =C_f -A;

means responsive to said difference C_R for displaying on said display the remaining charge value of said battery;

means responsive to said detection signal for comparing said difference with a predetermined value C_m to produce a change signal when said difference is equal to or greater than said value C_m ; and

means responsive to said change signal for replacing either said value C_f or said constant a_i with a new capacity value C_f'"'"' or a new weighting constant a_i'"'"'.

13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said equipment comprises a radio telephone.

14. An apparatus comprising:

a battery adapted to provide power to electrical equipment;

voltage detector means for producing a detection signal when the output voltage of said battery falls below a predetermined threshold value;

means for storing a first value;

means for calculating a first remaining charge value of said battery based on said first value;

display means for displaying said first remaining charge value;

means responsive to said detection signal for calculating a second remaining charge value of said battery based on said first value; and

means for changing said first value when said second remaining charge value exceeds a predetermined value.

15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said first value is a battery capacity C_f of said battery, and wherein said apparatus further comprises:

means for measuring a time t_i for which said equipment operates at a first current I_i ;

means for calculating a first accumulated discharge value A of said battery by an equation of ##EQU5## where a_i is a weighting constant;

means for calculating a difference between said values C_j and A to produce said first remaining charge value C_R =C_f -A;

means responsive to said detection signal for measuring a time t_iT for which said equipment operates at a second current I_iT and for calculating a second accumulated discharge value A_T of said battery by an equation of ##EQU6## means for calculating a difference between said values C_f and A_T to produce said second remaining charge value C_RT =C_f -A_T ;

means for comparing said value C_RT with said predetermined value (C_m) to produce a change signal when said value C_RT exceeds said value C_m ; and

means responsive to said change signal for changing said value C_f to a new value C_f'"'"'.

16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15, further comprising means for manually writing said value C_f into said storing means.

17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15, further comprising means for manually resetting said value C_f to be a value C_fo.

18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said first value is a weighting constant a_i, and wherein said storing means further comprises means for storing a battery capacity value C_f of said battery, and wherein said apparatus further comprises:

means for measuring a time t_i for which said equipment operates at a first current I_i ;

means for calculating a first accumulated discharge value A of said battery by an equation of ##EQU7## where a_i is a weighting constant;

means for calculating a difference between said values C_f and A to produce said first remaining charge value C_R =C_f -A;

means responsive to said detection signal for measuring a time t_iT for which said equipment operates at a second current I_iT and for calculating a second accumulated discharge value A_T of said battery by an equation of ##EQU8## means for calculating a difference between said values C_f and A_T to produce said second remaining charge value C_RT =C_f -A_T ;

means for comparing said value C_RT with said predetermined value (C_m) to produce a change signal when said value C_RT exceeds said value C_m ; and

means responsive to said change signal for changing said value C_f to a new value C_f'"'"'.

19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, further comprising means for manually writing said value a_i into said storing means.

20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, further comprising means for manually resetting said value a_i to a value a_io.

21. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15, further comprising means for manually resetting said first accumulated discharge value A to zero.

22. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, further comprising means for manually resetting said first accumulated discharge value A to zero.

23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15, further comprising means for detecting a current in said battery to produce a current detection signal as either said first current I_i or second current I_it.

24. An apparatus as claimed in claim 18, further comprising means for detecting a current flowing in said battery to produce 3 a current detection signal as either said first current I_i or second current I_it.

25. A method of displaying a remaining charge value of a battery adapted to power electrical equipment, comprising the following steps of:

detecting the output voltage of said battery to produce a voltage detection signal when said output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold value;

storing a first value;

calculating a first remaining charge value of said battery based on said first value;

displaying said first remaining charge value;

responsive to said voltage detection signal, calculating a second remaining charge value of said battery based on said first value; and

changing said first value when said second remaining charge value exceeds a predetermined value.

26. A method as claimed in claim 25, wherein said step of storing comprises the step of storing a battery capacity C_f of said battery as said first value, and wherein said method further comprises the steps of:

measuring times, t_i, for which said equipment operates at first currents I_i ;

means for calculating a first accumulated discharge value A of said battery by an equation of ##EQU9## where a_i is a weighting constant;

calculating a difference between said values C_f and A to produce said first remaining charge value C_R =C_f -A;

responsive to said detection signal, measuring a time t_iT for which said equipment operates at a second current I_iT and calculating a second accumulated discharge value A_T of said battery according to an equation ##EQU10## calculating a difference between said values C_f and A_T to produce said second remaining charge value C_RT =C_f -A_T ;

comparing said value C_RT with said predetermined value (C_m) to produce a change signal when said value C_RT exceeds said value C_m ; and

responsive to said change signal, changing said value C_f to a new value C_f'"'"'.

27. A method of displaying a remaining charge value of a battery adapted to power equipment, comprising the following steps of:

detecting the output voltage of said battery to produce a first detection signal when said output voltage falls below a predetermined threshold level;

storing a first value;

accumulating the discharge of said battery to produce a second value;

subtracting said second value from said first value to produce a third value;

responsive to said third value, displaying the remaining charge value of said battery;

responsive to said first detection signal, changing either said first value or an accumulating rate at said step of accumulating when said third value exceeds a predetermined value.

28. A method as claimed in claim 27, further comprising the step of:

detecting a current flowing through said battery to produce a second detection signal;

wherein said step of accumulating comprises the step of;

accumulating said discharge of said battery based on said second detection signal to produce said second value.