Pulse width modulator control circuit

• US 5,045,800 A
• Filed: 03/23/1990
• Issued: 09/03/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Power Integrations Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Power Integrations Incorporated
• Inventors: Kung, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Zazworsky, John
• Application Number:
  US07/498,829
• Time in Patent Office: 529 Days
• Field of Search: 307/261, 307/265, 307/268, 307/228, 307/360, 328/59, 328/62
• US Class Current: 327/176
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 7/08 Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation

Abstract

A circuit generates control signals used in pulse width modulation. A square wave signal generator generates a square wave signal based on the value of a sawtooth signal. The sawtooth signal has a maximum voltage level and a minimum voltage level. The voltage level of the sawtooth signal is compared with a first voltage slightly above the minimum voltage level. When voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the first voltage, a rising edge of the square wave is generated. The voltage level of the sawtooth signal is also compared with a second voltage slightly below the maximum voltage level. When voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the second voltage, a falling edge of the square wave signal is generated.

Claims

1. A circuit which generates control signals used in pulse width modulation, the control signals including a square wave signal and a sawtooth signal, the sawtooth signal oscillating between a maximum voltage level and a minimum voltage level, the circuit comprising:

sawtooth signal generating means, for generating the sawtooth signal; and

,

square wave signal generating means, coupled to the sawtooth signal generating means, for receiving the sawtooth signal, for comparing the voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a first voltage slightly above the minimum voltage level and with a second voltage slightly below the maximum voltage level, and for generating a square wave with a rising edge that occurs only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the first voltage and with a falling edge that occurs only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the second voltage.

2. A circuit which generates control signal used in pulse width modulation, the control signals including a square wave signal and a sawtooth signal, the sawtooth signal having a maximum voltage level and a minimum voltage level, the circuit comprising:

sawtooth signal generating means, for generating the sawtooth signal; and

square wave signal generating means, coupled to the sawtooth signal generating means, for receiving the sawtooth signal, for comparing the voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a first voltage slightly above the minimum voltage level and with a second voltage slightly below the maximum voltage level, and for generating a square wave with a rising edge that occurs when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the first voltage and with a falling edge that occurs when the voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the second voltage, wherein the square wave signal generating means includes;

a first voltage source for generating the first voltage;

a second voltage source for generating the second voltage;

a switch, coupled to the first voltage source and the second voltage source, for selecting, based on a voltage of the square wave, one of the first voltage and the second voltage to place on a switch output;

a comparator, coupled to the switch output and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with voltage at the switch output to produce a comparator output;

a one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the comparator output; and

flip-flop means, coupled to the one shot pulse generator means, for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the one shot pulse generating means.

3. A circuit as in claim 2 wherein the first voltage source and the second voltage source comprise a voltage divider, a first end of the voltage divider being at the minimum voltage level, a second end of the voltage divider being at the maximum voltage level, and the voltage divider including a first resistance, a second resistance and a third resistance coupled in series so that a first end of the first resistance is the first end of the voltage divider and a first end of the third resistance is the second end of the voltage divider, wherein the values of the first, second and third resistances are selected so that a second end of the first resistance is at the second voltage and a second end of the third resistance is at the first voltage.

4. A circuit which generates control signals used in pulse width modulation, the control signals including a square wave signal and a sawtooth signal, the sawtooth signal having a maximum voltage level and a minimum voltage level, the circuit comprising:

sawtooth signal generating means, for generating the sawtooth signal; and

,

square wave signal generating means, coupled to the sawtooth signal generating means, for receiving the sawtooth signal, for comparing the voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a first voltage slightly above the minimum voltage level and with a second voltage slightly below the maximum voltage level, and for generating a square wave with a rising edge that occurs when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the first voltage and with a falling edge that occurs when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the second voltage, wherein the square wave signal generating means includes;

a first voltage source for generating the first voltage;

a second voltage source for generating the second voltage;

a first comparator, coupled to the first voltage source and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with the first voltage to produce a first comparator output;

a second comparator, coupled to the second voltage source and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with the second voltage to produce a second comparator output;

first one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the first comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the first comparator output; and

second one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the second comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the second comparator output; and

flip-flop means, coupled to the first one shot pulse generator means and to the second one shot pulse generator means, for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the first one shot pulse generating means and for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the second one shot pulse generating means.

5. A circuit as in claim 4 wherein the first voltage source and the second voltage source comprise a voltage divider, a first end of the voltage divider being at the maximum voltage level, a second end of the voltage divider being at the minimum voltage level, and the voltage divider including a first resistance, a second resistance and a third resistance coupled in series so that a first end of the first resistance is the first end of the voltage divider and a first end of the third resistance is the second end of the voltage divider, wherein the values of the first, second and third resistances are selected so that a second end of the first resistance is at the second voltage and a second end of the third resistance is at the first voltage.

6. In a circuit which generates control signals used in pulse width modulation, the control signals including a square wave signal and a sawtooth signal, the sawtooth signal having a maximum voltage level and a minimum voltage level, a method comprising the steps of:

(a) generating the sawtooth signal so that the sawtooth signal oscillates between the maximum voltage level and the minimum voltage level;

(b) comparing voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a first voltage slightly above the minimum voltage level;

(c) generating a rising edge of the square wave only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the first voltage;

(d) comparing voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a second voltage slightly below the maximum voltage level; and

,

(e) generating a falling edge of the square wave signal only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is increasing and reaches the second voltage.

7. A circuit which generates control signals used in pulse width modulation, the control signals including a square wave signal and a sawtooth signal, the sawtoth signal having a first voltage level and a second voltage level, the circuit comprising:

sawtooth signal generating means, for generating the sawtooth signal which oscillates between the first voltage level and the second voltage level; and

,

square wave signal generating means, coupled to the sawtooth signal generating means, for receiving the sawtooth signal, for comparing the voltage level of the sawtooth signal with a third voltage level between the first voltage level and the second voltage level and with a fourth voltage level between the first voltage level and the third voltage level, and for generating a square wave with a rising edge that occurs only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is oscillating from the second voltage level to the first voltage level and reaches the third voltage level and with a falling edge that occurs only when voltage of the sawtooth signal is oscillating from the second voltage level to the first voltage level and reaches the fourth voltage level.

8. A circuit as in claim 7 wherein the square wave signal generating means includes:

a third voltage level source for generating the third voltage level;

a fourth voltage level source for generating the fourth voltage level;

a switch, coupled to the third voltage level source and the fourth voltage level source, for selecting, based on a voltage of the square wave, one of the third voltage level and the fourth voltage level to place on a switch output;

a comparator, coupled to the switch output and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with voltage at the switch output to produce a comparator output;

a one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the comparator output; and

,

flip-flop means, coupled to the one shot pulse generator means, for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the one shot pulse generating means.

9. A circuit as in claim 8 wherein the third voltage level source and the fourth voltage level source comprise a voltage divider, a first end of the voltage divider being at the first voltage level, a second end of the voltage divider being at the second voltage level, and the voltage divider including a first resistance, a second resistance and a third resistance coupled in series so that a first end of the first resistance is the first end of the voltage divider and a first end of the third resistance is the second end of the voltage divider, wherein the values of the first, second and third resistances are selected so that a second end of the first resistance is at the fourth voltage level and a second end of the third resistance is at the third voltage level.

10. A circuit as in claim 7 wherein the square wave signal generating means includes:

a third voltage level source for generating the third voltage level;

a fourth voltage level source for generating the fourth voltage level;

a first comparator, coupled to the third voltage level source and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with the third voltage level to produce a first comparator output;

a second comparator, coupled to the fourth voltage level source and to the sawtooth signal generating means, for comparing voltage of the sawtooth signal with the fourth voltage level to produce a second comparator output;

first one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the first comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the first comparator output; and

,

second one shot pulse generator means, coupled to the second comparator, for generating a pulse at a rising edge of the second comparator output; and

flip-flop means, coupled to the first one shot pulse generator means and to the second one shot pulse generator means, for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the first one shot pulse generating means and for toggling voltage of the square wave signal upon receiving a pulse from the second one shot pulse generating means.

11. a circuit as in claim 10 wherein the third voltage level source and the fourth voltage level source comprise a voltage divider, a first end of the voltage divider being at the first voltage level, a second end of the voltage divider being at the second voltage level, and the voltage divider including a first resistance, a second resistance and a third resistance coupled in series so that a first end of the first resistance is the first end of the voltage divider and a first end of the third resistance is the second end of the voltage divider, wherein the values of the first, second and third resistances are selected so that a second end of the first resistance is at the fourth voltage level and a second end of the third resistance is at the third voltage level.

12. A circuit as in claim 7 wherein

the first voltage level is a maximum voltage level,

the second voltage level is a minimum voltage level,

the third voltage level is slightly above the minimum voltage level, and

the fourth voltage level is slightly below the maximum voltage level.