Fluorescent degree of cure monitors
First Claim
1. A curable composition consisting essentially of at least one of a) a hydride curable silicone comprising an ethylenically unsaturated siloxane and a polyhydrosiloxane, b) an ethylenically unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of acrylates and methacrylates, unsaturated amides, and vinyl compounds, and c) a cationically polymerizable monomer which is different from component b) and is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-cyclic ethers, vinyl ethers, N-vinyl compounds, ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic formals, and cyclic organosiloxanes;
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative therof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR8## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently are a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings.
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Abstract
A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivatives thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.
The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A curable composition consisting essentially of at least one of a) a hydride curable silicone comprising an ethylenically unsaturated siloxane and a polyhydrosiloxane, b) an ethylenically unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of acrylates and methacrylates, unsaturated amides, and vinyl compounds, and c) a cationically polymerizable monomer which is different from component b) and is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-cyclic ethers, vinyl ethers, N-vinyl compounds, ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic formals, and cyclic organosiloxanes;
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative therof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR8## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently are a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative therof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR8## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
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11. A curable composition consisting essentially of a hydride curable silicone comprising an ethylenically unsaturated siloxane and a polyhydrosiloxane, and dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR9## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O;
- and wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently are a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings.
- View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14)
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15. A curable composition consisting essentially of an ethylenically unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of acrylates and methacrylates, unsaturated amides, and vinyl compounds;
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR10## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl;
, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently are a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 21)
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR10## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl;
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18. A curable composition consisting essentially of a cationically polymerizable monomer which is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-cyclic ethers, vinyl ethers, N-vinyl compounds, ethylenically unsatuarted hydrocarbons, cyclic formals, land cyclic organosiloxanes;
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR11## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently are a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 22)
- and dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof as a latent uvaphore which is capable of reacting during curing to form a uvaphore, said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR11## wherein X is CR1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O; and
Specification