Method and apparatus for a non-invasive examination of blood circulation in a living organism
First Claim
1. A method for non-invasive determination of the actual blood pressure PM (t) of a living organism as a function of time,which blood pressure changes in a range comprising a diastolic and a systolic pressure, at locations of said organism which contain arteries which change their volumes dependent on said actual blood pressure and on a transmural pressure caused by said arteries;
- by an apparatus which comprises;
first and second pad means, each for applying a pressure PM1 and PM2, respectively, to a first and a second of said locations of said organism and each having a chamber with a volume for a pressure means for producing said pressure PM1 and PM2, respectively,first and second control means for said first and second pad means for setting said pressures PM1 and PM2, respectively, independently from each other in each of said pad means,first and second sensor means for each of said first and second pad means, respectively, which sensor means respond to perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t), respectively, that change depending on said actual blood pressure and said transmural pressure and transmit signals which correspond to said values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) andan evaluating means for evaluating said signals of said sensor means,said method comprising the steps of;
a) determining a blood pressure value of said organism which is dependent of said transmural pressure,b) applying said first and second pad means to said first and second locations of said organisms, the arteries of said first and said second locations being parallel to each other within said organism, in order to simultaneously perceive said values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) in said first and second locations independently from each other,c) setting equal said pressures PM1 and PM2 applied by said first and said second pad means at each of said first and said second locations and adjusting said evaluating means for an output of equal said perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) derived from said signals transmitted by said first and second sensor means,d) setting first and second predetermined pressures as said pressures PM1 and PM2 at each of said first and said second locations, said first and said second predetermined pressures being smaller than said diastolic pressure of said organism and differing from each other by a value Delta PM which is small compared with said diastolic pressure and actuating said first and said second sensor means for responding to said perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t), respectively, and for transmitting signals which correspond to said values, andevaluating said transmitted signals from said sensor means received by said evaluating means for determining the blood pressure of said organism as a function of time.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for the non-invasive examination of the blood circulation of a living organism uses a device having: a pair of sensors (18, 19), each of which detects the value β (t) of a measurement value that changes during one pulse wave with the blood pressure of the organism and thereby with time, and transmits this value through signals; a pair of pressure sleeves for connecting the sensors with tissue of the organism through which arterial blood flows; and an electrical unit (21) for evaluating the signals of the mentioned sensors. The method includes setting two subdiastolic pressures which differ from each other by a small value in the two sleeves, transmitting signals obtained from the two sensors (18, 19) to the evaluating unit (21), and determining a circulatory function of the organism from transmitted signals in the evaluating unit.
50 Citations
13 Claims
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1. A method for non-invasive determination of the actual blood pressure PM (t) of a living organism as a function of time,
which blood pressure changes in a range comprising a diastolic and a systolic pressure, at locations of said organism which contain arteries which change their volumes dependent on said actual blood pressure and on a transmural pressure caused by said arteries; -
by an apparatus which comprises; first and second pad means, each for applying a pressure PM1 and PM2, respectively, to a first and a second of said locations of said organism and each having a chamber with a volume for a pressure means for producing said pressure PM1 and PM2, respectively, first and second control means for said first and second pad means for setting said pressures PM1 and PM2, respectively, independently from each other in each of said pad means, first and second sensor means for each of said first and second pad means, respectively, which sensor means respond to perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t), respectively, that change depending on said actual blood pressure and said transmural pressure and transmit signals which correspond to said values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) andan evaluating means for evaluating said signals of said sensor means, said method comprising the steps of; a) determining a blood pressure value of said organism which is dependent of said transmural pressure, b) applying said first and second pad means to said first and second locations of said organisms, the arteries of said first and said second locations being parallel to each other within said organism, in order to simultaneously perceive said values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) in said first and second locations independently from each other,c) setting equal said pressures PM1 and PM2 applied by said first and said second pad means at each of said first and said second locations and adjusting said evaluating means for an output of equal said perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t) derived from said signals transmitted by said first and second sensor means,d) setting first and second predetermined pressures as said pressures PM1 and PM2 at each of said first and said second locations, said first and said second predetermined pressures being smaller than said diastolic pressure of said organism and differing from each other by a value Delta PM which is small compared with said diastolic pressure and actuating said first and said second sensor means for responding to said perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t), respectively, and for transmitting signals which correspond to said values, andevaluating said transmitted signals from said sensor means received by said evaluating means for determining the blood pressure of said organism as a function of time. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. Apparatus for non-invasive determination of the actual blood pressure of a living organism as a function of time, comprising:
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first and second pad means for applying predetermined pressures PM1 and PM2 to first and second locations of said organism, respectively, which locations contain arteries which change their volume depending on said actual blood pressure and a transmural pressure caused by said arteries, first and second sensor means for each of said first and second pad means for transmitting first and second signals corresponding to perceivable values β
1 (t) and β
2 (t), respectively, which values change dependent on said actual blood pressure and said transmural pressure,means for evaluating said signals comprising computer means for implementing an algorithm connecting means connecting said first and said second sensor means to said evaluating means for transmitting said signals to said evaluating means, wherein in said computer means said algorithm is implemented by which the differential quotient of the blood pressure is determined as a function of time according to the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">dp.sub.B1 (t)/dt=Delta P.sub.M *dβ
.sub.1 (t)/dt;
<
β
.sub.2 (t)-β
.sub.1 (t)>so that said differential quotient is computed as a function of time from said signals received from said sensor means in said computer means which is adapted to integrate said differential quotient to determine the actual blood pressure PM (t) as a function of time. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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Specification