Hydraulic system for electronically controlled pressure activated downhole testing tool

• US 5,050,681 A
• Filed: 07/10/1990
• Issued: 09/24/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Halliburton Company
• Original Assignee: Halliburton Company
• Inventors: Skinner, Neal G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kisliuk, Bruce M.
• Application Number:
  US07/551,693
• Time in Patent Office: 441 Days
• Field of Search: 166/65.1, 166/66.4, 166/242, 166/250, 166/373, 166/374, 166/319, 166/323, 166/324, 166/264
• US Class Current: 166/374
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 2200/04 Ball valves
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 34/066 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 34/108 with time delay systems, e.g. hydraulic impedance mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 41/00 Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00

Abstract

An annulus pressure responsive tool is temporarily deactivated so as to no longer be responsive to changes in well annulus pressure. The tool includes a tool housing with a power piston slidably disposed in the housing. A first pressure conducting passage in the housing communicates the well annulus to one side of the power piston. A reference pressure means is disposed in the housing for providing pressure to the second side of the power piston. Thus, a pressure differential is created across the power piston. Also, a selectively operable temporary deactivating means is provided so that the power piston is no longer responsive to changes in the well annulus pressure.

Claims

1. A downhole tool apparatus responsive to changes in pressure in a well annulus comprising:

a tool housing;

a power piston slidably disposed in said tool housing, said piston having a first side and a second side;

a first pressure conducting passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said first side of said power piston;

reference pressure means, disposed in said tool housing, for providing a reference pressure communicated with said second side of said power piston, so that a change in well annulus pressure creates a pressure differential across said power piston to move said power piston between a first position and a second position relative to said tool housing; and

selectively operable deactivating means for temporarily deactivating said power piston so that said power piston is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

said selectively operable deactivating means is a selectively operable bypass means for bypassing changes in well annulus pressure around said reference pressure means.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:

said bypass means has an open position wherein changes in well annulus pressure are substantially immediately communicated with said second side of said power piston and said power piston is not moved by changes in well annulus pressure, and a closed position wherein said second side of said power piston is in operable communication with said reference pressure means.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said bypass means comprises:

a bypass passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said second side of said power piston;

bypass valve means, disposed in said bypass passage means, for selectively opening and closing said bypass passage means as said bypass valve means is moved between an open position and a closed position; and

control means for moving said bypass valve means between its said open and closed positions.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein:

said control means is further characterized as being responsive to changes in well annulus pressure.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

said deactivating means is further characterized as a means for balancing well annulus pressure across said power piston to deactivate said power piston.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

said deactivating means is further characterized as a means for isolating well annulus pressure from said power piston to deactivate said power piston.

8. A downhole tool apparatus, comprising:

an operating means for operating said apparatus in response to changes in well annulus pressure; and

deactivation means for repeatedly selectively deactivating said operating means so that said operating means is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure and for subsequently reactivating said operating means so that said operating means is again responsive to changes in well annulus pressure.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

said deactivation means is movable between deactivated and reactivated positions thereof in response to predetermined changes in well annulus pressure.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

said operating means is powered by energy provided to fluid in said apparatus pressurized by increasing well annulus pressure above hydrostatic pressure.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein:

said operating means is endlessly cyclable between first and second positions thereof.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein:

said operating means is powered entirely by energy provided to fluid in said apparatus pressurized by increasing well annulus pressure above hydrostatic pressure.

13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

said operating means is endlessly cyclable between first and second positions thereof.

14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

said operating means includes a power piston communicated with the well annulus; and

said deactivation means is further characterized as a means for causing changes in well annulus pressure to be balanced across said power piston of said operating means to thereby deactivate said operating means.

15. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

said operating means includes a power piston communicated with said well annulus; and

said deactivation means is further characterized as a means for isolating said well annulus from said power piston to deactivate said power piston.

16. A downhole tool apparatus, comprising:

a cylindrical tool housing having a recess defined in an outer cylindrical surface thereof;

an operating assembly disposed in said housing;

a control system operably associated with said operating assembly; and

a control system framework means for housing said control system, said framework means being pivotally attached to said housing and pivotal between a normal operating position wherein said framework means is substantially completely received in said recess of said housing and a service position wherein a substantial portion of said framework means is pivoted out of said recess to provide access to said control system.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:

said control system includes an electrical battery power supply; and

said framework means is further characterized as a means for permitting replacement of said electrical battery power supply without breaking apart said tool housing.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said framework means comprises:

a laterally extending arm pivotally attached to said housing; and

a plurality of tubes extending longitudinally generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of said housing, said tubes being attached to said arm for pivotal movement therewith.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein:

one of said tubes is coaxial with a pivotal axis of said framework means.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein:

said control system includes a drive motor contained in said one coaxial tube and a valve spool attached to said drive motor and extending out of an end of said one coaxial tube, said valve spool being operably received in a valve bore defined in said tool housing.

21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein:

said plurality of tubes includes at least a first tube, a second tube and a third tube;

said control system includes;

an electrically powered control mechanism disposed in said first tube;

an electronic sensing means and a microprocessor means disposed in said second tube for detecting a command signal and operating said control mechanism in response thereto; and

an electrical power supply in said third tube; and

wherein said arm of said framework means has defined therein wiring conduits communicating said first, second and third tubes.

22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein:

said recess in said tool housing is an arcuate recess; and

said arm of said framework means is an arcuate arm which fits within said arcuate recess when said framework means is in its said normal operating position.

23. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:

mounting means for detachably mounting said framework means on said tool housing so that said framework means and said control system can be completely separated from said tool housing without breaking apart said tool housing.

24. A downhole tool apparatus, comprising:

a cylindrical tool housing having a recess defined in an outer cylindrical surface thereof;

an operating assembly disposed in said housing;

a control system means, operably associated with said operating assembly, for detecting and responding to command signals transmitted as changes in well annulus pressure; and

a control system framework means for housing said control system means, said framework means being received in said recess and detachably attached to said housing so that said framework means and said control system means can be completely separated from said tool housing without breaking apart a threaded joint of said housing.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein:

said control system means includes a drive motor housed in said framework means and a valve spool attached to said drive motor and extending away from said framework means; and

said tool housing has a valve bore defined therein, said valve spool being operably received in said valve bore.

26. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein:

said recess in said tool housing is an arcuate recess; and

said framework means is arcuate in shape and is complementary to said arcuate means.

27. A method of controlling the operation of a downhole tool of the type having an operating mechanism normally operated in response to changes in well annulus pressure, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) transmitting a command signal;

(b) detecting said command signal at said tool;

(c) temporarily deactivating said operating mechanism of said tool in response to detection of said command signal so that said operating mechanism is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein:

said step (c) includes a step of balancing well annulus pressure across a power piston of said operating mechanism.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein:

said step (c) includes a step of isolating well annulus pressure from a power piston of said operating mechanism.

30. The method of claim 27, further comprising:

(d) transmitting a second command signal;

(e) detecting said second command signal at said tool;

(f) reactivating said operating mechanism of said tool so as to again be responsive to changes in well annulus pressure;

(g) changing well annulus pressure by a predetermined amount; and

(h) operating said operating mechanism in response to step (g).

31. The method of claim 27, wherein:

said step (a) is further characterized as transmitting a predetermined pressure pulse down said well annulus, said pressure pulse being said command signal.

32. Downhole tool apparatus responds to the changes in pressure in a well annulus comprising:

a tool housing;

a power piston slidably disposed in said tool housing, said piston having a first side and a second side;

a first pressure conducting passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said first side of said power piston;

reference pressure means, disposed in said tool housing, for providing a reference pressure communicated with said second side of said power piston, so that a change in well annulus pressure creates a pressure differential across said power piston to move said power piston between a first position and a second position relative to said tool housing;

a selective operable bypass means for temporarily bypassing changes in well annulus pressure around said reference pressure means, said bypass means including;

a bypass passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said second side of said power piston;

bypass valve means, disposed in said bypass passage means, for selectively opening and closing said bypass passage means as said bypass valve means is moved between an open position and a closed position; and

control means for moving said bypass valve means between its open and closed positions, wherein said control means is further characterized as being responsive to changes in well annulus pressure and said bypass valve means is an electric motor operated bypass valve means; and

said control means includes;

a pressure sensor means for detecting changes in well annulus pressure; and

microprocessor means for controlling said electric motor operated bypass valve means in response to a predetermined change in well annulus pressure detected by said pressure sensor means.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein:

said electric motor operated bypass valve means is further characterized as requiring electric power only to selectively move said electric motor operated bypass valve means between its said open and closed position, so that said electric motor operated bypass valve means will remain in either its open or closed position without continued application of electric power thereto.

34. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein said control means further comprises:

an electric battery power supply; and

said microprocessor means is further characterized as a means for causing said bypass valve means to remain in a predetermined one of its said open and closed positions upon sensing of a low power state of said power supply.

35. A downhole tool apparatus responsive to changes in pressure in a well annulus comprising:

a tool housing;

a power piston slidably disposed in said tool housing, said power piston having a first side and a second side;

a first pressure conducting passage means to find in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus pressure with said first side of said power piston;

a second pressure conducting passage means, defined in said housing, for communicating said well annulus with said second side of said power piston;

a second pressure conductivity passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said second side with said power piston;

reference pressure means, disposed in said tool housing, for providing a reference pressure communicated with said second side of said power piston, so that a change in well annulus pressure creates a pressure differential across said power piston to move said power piston between a first position and a second position relative to said tool housing, wherein said reference pressure means includes a retarding means, disposed in said second pressure conducting passage means, for delaying communication of a sufficient portion of a change in well annulus pressure to said second side of said power piston for a sufficient time to allow a pressure differential across said power piston to move said power piston between a first position and a second position relative to said housing; and

selectively operable deactivating means for temporarily deactiving said power piston so that said power piston is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:

said bypass means has an open position wherein changes in well annulus pressure are substantially immediately communicated with said second side of said power piston and said power piston is not moved by changes in well annulus pressure, in a closed position wherein communication of changes in well annulus pressure through said second pressure conducting passage means to said second side of said power piston are delayed by said retarding means.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein said bypass means comprises:

said second pressure conducting passage means having a bypass passage in hydraulic parallel with said retarding means;

bypass valve means, disposed in said bypass passage, for selectively opening and closing said bypass passage as said bypass valve means is moved between an open and a closed position corresponding to said open and closed positions of said bypass means; and

control means for moving said bypass valve means between its said open and closed positions.

38. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:

said retarding means includes a restricted orifice disposed in said second pressure conducting passage means.

39. A downhole tool apparatus responsive to changes in pressure in a well annulus comprising:

a tool housing;

a power piston slidably disposed in said tool housing, said piston having a first side and a second side;

a first pressure conducting passage means, defined in said tool housing, for communicating said well annulus with said first side of said power piston;

reference pressure means, disposed in said tool housing, for providing a reference pressure communicated with said second side of said power piston, so that a change in well annulus pressure creates a pressure differential across said power piston to move said power piston between a first position and a second position relative to said tool housing; and

selectively operable deactivating means for temporarily deactivating said power piston so that said power piston is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure and wherein said deactivating means is further characterized as requiring electrical power to selectively move said deactivating means between an activated and deactivated position thereof, so that said deactivating means will remain in either its activated or deactivated position without continued application of electrical power thereto.

40. A downhole tool apparatus, comprising:

an operating means for operating said apparatus in response to changes in well annulus pressure; and

deactivating means for repeatedly selectively deactivating said operating means so that said operating means is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure and for subsequently reactivating said operating means so that said operating means is again responsive to changes in well annulus pressure, wherein said deactivation means further includes;

an electrical battery power supply; and

control means for causing said deactivation means to move to or remain in a predetermined one of a deactivated position and a reactivated position upon sensing of a low power state of said power supply.

41. A method of controlling the operation of a downhole tool of the type having an operating mechanism normally operated in response to changes in well annulus pressure, said operating mechanism being of the type having a power piston with a first side openly communicated with well annulus pressure and a second side communicated with well annulus pressure through a passage having a metering orifice disposed therein, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) transmitting a command signal;

(b) detecting said command signal at said tool; and

(c) temporarily deactivating said operating mechanism of said tool in response to detection of said command signal so that said operating mechanism is no longer responsive to changes in well annulus pressure by bypassing said metering orifice and placing said second side of said power piston in an open communication with well annulus pressure.