Microporous polyolefin membrane and method of producing same

• US 5,051,183 A
• Filed: 09/20/1990
• Issued: 09/24/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tonen Corporation (ENEOS Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Tonen Corporation (ENEOS Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Takita, Kotaro, Takashima, Tatsuya, Okamoto, Kenkichi, Kono, Koichi
• Primary Examiner(s): Sever, Frank
• Application Number:
  US07/585,461
• Time in Patent Office: 369 Days
• Field of Search: 264/344, 264/41, 264/164, 264/210.2, 264/210.3, 264/210.4, 264/211.9, 264/233, 264/288.8, 264/288.4, 264/289.3, 264/289.6, 264/290.2 , 264/DIG. 48, 264/DIG. 67, 264/210.1, 210/500.36
• US Class Current: 210/500.36
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/261 Polyethylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 55/005 characterised by the choice of materials
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/0683 UHMWPE, i.e. ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/0088 Blends of polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/04 cellular or porous
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2323/06 Polyethene
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/18 Manufacture of films or sheets
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 23/06 Polyethene
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/417 Polyolefins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/489 Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/491 Porosity
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/494 Tensile strength
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A microporous polyolefin membrane made of a polyolefin composition containing 1 weight % or more of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin having a weight-average molecular weight of 7×10⁵ or more and having a weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight ratio of 10-300, the microporous membrane having a thickness of 0.1-25 μm, a porosity of 35-95%, an average pore diameter of 0.001-0.2 μm and a breaking strength of 0.2 kg or more per 15 mm width is produced by (a) preparing a solution comprising 10-50 weight % of the polyolefin composition and 50-90 weight % of a solvent; (b) extruding the solution through a die; (c) cooling the extruded solution to form a gel-like article; (d) stretching the gel-like article at a temperature equal to or lower than a melting point of the polyolefin composition +10° C; and (e) removing the remaining solvent.

Claims

1. A microporous polyolefin membrane made of a polyolefin composition comprising 1 to 90 weight % per 100 weight % of the polyolefin composition of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin having a weight-average molecular weight of 7×

10⁵ or more and a polyolefin having a weight-average molecular weight of between 1×

10⁴ to less than 7×

10⁵, said polyolefin composition having a weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight ratio of 10-300, said microporous membrane having a thickness of 0.1-25 μ

m, a porosity of 35-95%, an average pore diameter of 0.001-0.02 μ

m and a breaking strength of 0.2 kg or more per 15 mm width.

2. The microporous polyolefin membrane according to claim 1, wherein said ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin is ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, and another component in said polyolefin composition is a polymer mainly composed of ethylene and having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×

10⁴ or more and less than 7×

10⁵.

3. A method of producing a microporous polyolefin membrane comprising the steps of:

(a) preparing a solution comprising 10-50 weight % of a polyolefin composition comprising 1 to 90 weight % per 100 weight % of the polyolefin composition of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin having a weight-average molecular weight of 7×

10⁵ or more and a polyolefin having a weight-average molecular weight of between 1×

10⁴ to less than 7×

10⁵, said polyolefin composition having a weight-average molecular weight/number average molecular weight ratio of 10-300, and 50-90 weight % of a solvent;

(b) extruding said solution through a die;

(c) cooling said extruded solution to form a gel-like article;

(d) stretching said gel-like article at a temperature equal to or lower than a melting point of said polyolefin composition+10°

C.; and

(e) removing the remaining solvent.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said solution is cooled at a rate of 50°

C./min or more.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said gel-like article is oriented at a temperature between a crystal dispersion temperature of said composition and a crystal melting point of said composition.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein a solvent in said polyolefin solution is a nonvolatile solvent.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said nonvolatile solvent is paraffin oil.

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the remaining solvent is removed by extraction with a volatile solvent.

9. The method according to claim 3, wherein said ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin is ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, and another component in said polyolefin composition is a polymer mainly composed of ethylene and having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×

10⁴ or more and less than 7×

10⁵.

10. A microporous polyolefin membrane made in accordance with the method of claim 3.