Dynamically variable machine readable binary code and method for reading and producing thereof

• US 5,053,609 A
• Filed: 04/24/1990
• Issued: 10/01/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microscan Systems Inc (Omron Corporation)
• Original Assignee: International Data Matrix Incorporated
• Inventors: Priddy, Dennis G., Cymbalski, Robert S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Trafton, David
• Application Number:
  US07/513,362
• Time in Patent Office: 525 Days
• Field of Search: 235/436, 235/437, 235/456, 235/494
• US Class Current: 235/436
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06037 multi-dimensional coding
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2019/06262 with target- or other orientation-indicating feature
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/14 using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light G06K7/10831 - G06K7/1097 take precedence

Abstract

A machine readable binary code which is dynamically variable in size, format and density of information is provided. The binary code is formed as a matrix having a perimeter and data contained therein. The perimeter is provided with density indicia for indicating the density of data contained within the matrix. The perimeter is also provided with size indicia for indicating the size of the matrix. By utilizing the density indicia and size indicia, a scanning device is able to calculate the size and information density of the binary code.

Claims

1. An apparatus for reading a dynamically variable machine optically readable binary code, said binary code comprising data formed as a plurality of data cells forming a matrix having a perimeter, said matrix having a variable number of data cells, said perimeter including density indicia for determining the density of data contained within the matrix said density indicia being disposed in said perimeter independently of the positioning of said data cells contained in the matrix, said density indicia being a function of the number of data cells in said matrix and said apparatus operating on said density indicia to determine the density of data contained within said binary code.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the density indicia means for indicating the density of the data includes a first side of the perimeter and a second side of the perimeter, each being formed of an identical broken line pattern formed of alternating dark areas and light areas, the produce of the number of said light areas and dark areas of the first side and the number of light areas and dark areas of the second side corresponding to the density of the data contained within the matrix.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the perimeter of the matrix further includes size indicia means for indicating the physical size of the matrix and said apparatus operates on said size indicia means to determine the physical size of the matrix.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the perimeter further includes orientation indicia means, the apparatus operating on said orientation means to determine the orientation of the matrix relative to a visual field in which said matrix is disposed.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said binary code comprises indicia means for indicating the distribution pattern of the data within the matrix said apparatus operating on said indicia means to determine the distribution pattern of the data within the matrix.

7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the physical size indicia means includes a first side of the perimeter and a second side of the perimeter, the first side and second side each being formed of a solid line the first side and second side intersecting at a first corner and corresponding to the size and area of the code.

10. The binary code of claim 7, wherein the density indicia means for indicating the density of the data includes a third side of the perimeter and a fourth side of the perimeter, each being formed of an identical broken line pattern formed of alternating dark areas and light areas, said third side and fourth side intersecting at a second corner, the product of the number of said light areas and dark areas of the third side and the number of said light and dark areas of the fourth side corresponding to the density of data contained within the matrix.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the matrix is a rhombus.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the matrix is a square.

14. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pattern is a predetermined pattern and the indicia means includes a distribution key within the matrix, said distribution key containing the code corresponding to the predetermined pattern.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data is formed of light and dark visual cells.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the data is arranged in a predetermined pattern and further including data indicia means for indicating the predetermined pattern of the data.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data contained within the matrix is compressed.

6. An apparatus for reading a machine optically readable binary code, said binary code comprising data formed as a matrix, the perimeter of the matrix including size indicia means, said apparatus operating on said size indicia means and determining the physical size of the matrix and the distortion of the matrix, the physical size indicia means including a first side of the perimeter and a second side of the perimeter, said first side and second side each being formed of a solid line, the first side and second side intersecting at a first corner and corresponding to the orientation of the matrix relative to a visual field within which said matrix is disposed.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said perimeter further includes density indicia for determining the density of data contained within the matrix, said apparatus operating on said density indicia means to determine the density of data contained within the matrix, said density indicia being disposed in said perimeter independently of the positioning of said data contained in the matrix.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the density indicia means for indicating the density of the data includes a third side of the perimeter and a fourth side of the perimeter, each being formed of an identical broken line pattern formed of alternating dark areas and light areas, said third side and fourth side intersecting at a second corner, and the apparatus calculates the product of the number of said light areas and dark areas of the third side and the number of said light and dark areas of the fourth side to calculate the density of the data contained within the matrix.

13. An apparatus for reading a machine optically readable binary code disposed within a visual field, said binary code comprising data formed as a matrix, the perimeter of the matrix including size indicia means for indicating the physical size of the matrix, the apparatus operating on the size indicia means to determine the physical size of the code, the perimeter further including orientation indicia means, the apparatus further operating on the orientation indicia means to determine the orientation of the matrix relative to the visual field, the orientation indicia means including a first side of the perimeter, a second side of the perimeter, said first side and second side each being formed of a solid line of equal lengths, the first side and second side intersecting at a first corner said first corner defining the orientation of the matrix.

17. An apparatus for reading a dynamically variable machine optically readable binary code, said binary code comprising data formed as a matrix, the perimeter of the matrix includes size indicia means, the apparatus operating on said size indicia means to determine the physical size of the matrix, said data being formed as data cells, a subset of said data cells representing a single binary character, said data cells being redundantly provided within the matrix to represent said single binary character of data, said density indicia being a function of the number of data cells in said matrix.

19. A method for producing a dynamically variable machine optically readable symbol having a binary code by forming a matrix disposed within a perimeter for indicating the density of the data contained within the matrix comprising the steps of:

converting the data to be contained within the symbol into binary form;

determining the number of visual cells required to represent the binary coded information within the matrix;

calculating the square root of the number of visual cells required to represent the data contained within the binary code rounded up to a whole number;

producing a first side of the matrix perimeter formed of a broken line pattern formed of alternating dark areas then light areas so that the total number of dark areas and light areas int he first side is equal to the rounded up square root of the number of visual cells to be contained within the matrix;

producing a second side of the matrix perimeter formed as a broken line pattern identical to the first side, said second side intersecting the first side at a corner; and

producing the binary code as a visual cell pattern within the perimeter of the matrix.

20. A method for determining the density of a dynamically variable machine optically readably symbol having a binary code forming a matrix disposed within a perimeter having a first side and a second side, said first side and said second side being formed of an identical broken line pattern formed of alternating dark areas and light areas, the first side and second side intersecting at a corner, the number of alternating dark areas and light areas of the first side and the second side corresponding to the density of data contained within the matrix comprising the steps of;

scanning the symbol with an optical scanner to convert the matrix and the surrounding area of the matrix to a sequence of electronic impulses, wherein the symbol and the surrounding area are located in a visual field;

converting the signal of electronic impulses into a series of electronic data bits corresponding to the scanned visual field;

forming a bit mapped image of the matrix;

determining the product of the number of light areas and dark areas of the first side and the number of light areas and dark areas of the second side.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein said second corner is opposed to the first corner, and further comprising the step of determining the distorted location of the opposed corner based upon the determined angle and location and length of the first and second sides of the perimeter.

21. A method for determining the size of a dynamically variably machine optically readably symbol having a binary code formed of a plurality of visual cells of data and determining the physical center for each visual cell of data of the dynamically variable machine optically readable symbol, said binary code forming a matrix disposed within a perimeter having a first side and a second side, the first side and second side each being formed of a solid line of equal lengths and intersecting at a first corner and a third side of the perimeter and a fourth side of the perimeter, the third side and fourth side intersecting at a second corner, data formed as visual cells forming the matrix comprising the steps of:

scanning the binary code with an optical scanner to convert the matrix and the surrounding area of the matrix to a sequence of electronic impulses, wherein the symbol and the surrounding area are located in a visual field;

converting the signal of electronic impulses into a series of electronic data bits corresponding to the scanned visual field;

forming a bit mapped image of the matrix;

locating and determining the length of the first and second sides of the perimeter;

determining the angle formed between the first side and second side; and

determining the physical center for each visual cell of data to compensate for linear distortion based upon the determined angle.