Iontophoresis electrode
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An iontophoresis electrode comprising:
- a conductive, current distributing member;
means for coupling said current distributing member to a source of electrical current;
reservoir means containing an ionic or ionizable drug to be delivered, and being further constructed and arranged to be in electrical contact with the current distributing member; and
a layer of charge selective material applied directly to said current distributing member, and arranged intermediate said current distributing member and said reservoir means and coupling them together.
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Abstract
An improved iontophoresis electrode employing a current distributing member and a drug reservoir containing an ionic drug. The current distribution member is separated from the drug reservoir by means of a membrane or material selective for ions having a charge opposite to the charge of the ionic drug. The selective material is applied directly to the current distributing member.
103 Citations
39 Claims
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1. An iontophoresis electrode comprising:
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a conductive, current distributing member; means for coupling said current distributing member to a source of electrical current; reservoir means containing an ionic or ionizable drug to be delivered, and being further constructed and arranged to be in electrical contact with the current distributing member; and a layer of charge selective material applied directly to said current distributing member, and arranged intermediate said current distributing member and said reservoir means and coupling them together. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 20)
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2. An iontophoresis electrode, comprising:
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a current distributing member fabricated of a material which is readily oxidized or reduced at a voltage less than the voltage required to hydrolyze water; connector means for connecting said current distributing member to a source of electrical current; reservoir means constructed and arranged for the delivery of drug to skin against which the electrode is contacted, said reservoir means being coupled to said current distributing member, said reservoir means containing an ionic drug compounded with a counterion which reacts with said material of which said current distributing member is fabricated, after said material is oxidized or reduced, to produce a compound insoluble with said reservoir means; and a layer of charge selective material applied directly to said current distributing member, said material selective for ions of the opposite charge as said ionic drug, said material applied intermediate said current distributing member and said reservoir means and coupling them together. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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3. An iontophoresis electrode for delivery of an ionic or ionizable drug to a skin comprising:
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a conductive, current distributing member; means for coupling said current distributing member to a source of electrical current; reservoir means containing an ionic or ionizable drug to be delivered to said skin, the reservoir means being constructed and arranged for delivery of the drug to skin against which the electrode is contacted; a layer of first charge selective material applied directly to said current distributing member and contacting the reservoir means whereby the current distributing member and reservoir means are coupled together; and a second charge selective material located at the interface of the drug reservoir means and the skin, the second charge selective material selectively passing ions having the charge of the drug to be delivered to said skin from the reservoir means. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31)
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21. A method of fabricating an iontophoresis electrode, comprising the steps of:
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selecting an ionic or ionizable drug to be delivered; including said drug within a reservoir means through which said drug is permeable for delivery to skin against which the electrode is contacted; selecting a conductive current distributing member; selecting a charge selective material selectively permeable to ions of the charge opposite to that of said drug; and assembling said electrode by applying said charge selective material directly to said current distributing member and mounting said current distributing member to said reservoir such that said charge selective material is located intermediate said current distributing member and said reservoir.
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22. A method of fabricating an iontophoresis electrode, comprising the steps of:
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selecting an ionic drug to be delivered; selecting a sacrificial current distributing member fabricated of a material readily oxidizable or reducible by application of a voltage less than required to hydrolyze water; compounding said ionic drug with a counterion which will react with the material of which said current distributing member is fabricated, after said material is oxidized or reduced, to form a neutral compound, and placing said compounded ionic drug into a reservoir means through which said ionic drug is permeable for delivery to skin against which the electrode is contacted; and applying a charge selective material directly to said current distributing member, said charge selective material permeable to ions having the charge opposite to the charge of said ionic drug, said charge selective material applied between said current distributing member and said reservoir. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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Specification