Locking syringe

• US 5,057,078 A
• Filed: 03/17/1989
• Issued: 10/15/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Merit Medical Systems, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Merit Medical Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: Lampropolous, Fred P., Padilla, William, Foote, Jerrold L., Gill, Darla R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellegrino, Stephen C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rafa, Michael
• Application Number:
  US07/325,561
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 128/675, 128/96, 604/97-100, 604/118, 604/103, 604/220, 604/109, 604/224, 604/225, 604/227, 604/207-208, 606/191, 606/192, 606/194
• US Class Current: 604/99.01
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/10182 Injector syringes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/315 Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/484 Regulating injection pressure

Abstract

A syringe and method for use which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position. A triggering device configured with a trigger attached to the plunger of the syringe is employed. The triggering device includes a set of threads located on the plunger and a corresponding set of threads on the barrel of the syringe. Upon actuation of the trigger, the threads on the plunger are retracted from their position of engagement with the threads on the barrel, thereby placing the syringe in position for free movement of the plunger with respect to the barrel. The threads are biased in the engaged position. Thus, when the trigger is released, the threads on the plunger return to their position of engagement with the threads on the barrel. In the locked position, the plunger may be screwed into or out of the barrel by rotating the plunger, enabling the operator of the syringe to maintain strict control over the amount of pressure in the syringe. The triggering device employs a plurality of ramp and channel configurations which are disposed at approximately the same angle as the threads on the plunger and barrel. Thus, upon actuation of the triggering device, no net force results on the plunger which would cause movement of the plunger with respect to the barrel.

Claims

1. A locking syringe, comprising:

a barrel including a set of internal threads;

a plunger disposed at lest partially within the barrel, the plunger comprising a set of external threads disposed on at least a portion of said plunger along the longitudinal axis thereof and which may threadably engage the set of internal threads; and

a triggering means attached to the plunger for selectively retracting said external threads, such that when the triggering means is actuated, the external and internal threads maintain a position of disengagement, thereby enabling the plunger to be freely moved with respect to the barrel.

2. A locking syringe as defined in claim 1, wherein the triggering means may be actuated by applying equal and opposite forces to the triggering means and plunger.

3. A locking syringe as defined in claim 2, wherein the plunger further comprises a handle and the triggering means is attached to the handle.

4. A locking syringe as defined in claim 1, wherein the triggering means comprises means for preventing movement of the plunger with respect to the barrel when the triggering means is actuated.

5. A locking syringe as defined in claim 1, wherein the triggering means comprises means for retracting the external threads from engagement with the internal threads in a direction towards the handle and at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

6. A locking syringe as defined in claim 5, wherein the external threads are noncontinuous.

7. A locking syringe as defined in claim 1, wherein the triggering means is situated relative to said plunger such that it may be actuated without regard to its orientation with respect to the barrel.

8. A locking syringe, comprising:

a barrel including at set of internal threads;

a plunger disposed at least partially within the barrel, the plunger comprising a set of external threads disposed on at least a portion of said plunger along the longitudinal axis thereof and which may threadably engage the set of internal threads; and

a triggering means for selectively retracting said external threads such that when the triggering means is actuated, the external threads are retracted from their position of engagement with the internal threads to a position of disengagement, thereby enabling the plunger to be freely moved with respect to the barrel.

9. A locking syringe as defined in claim 8, further comprising means for biasing the st of external threads into threaded engagement with the set of internal threads.

10. A locking syringe as defined in claim 8, wherein the triggering means is situated relative to said plunger such that it may be actuated without regard to the orientation of the barrel.

11. A locking syringe as defined in claim 8, wherein the internal and external threads each comprise a leading edge and a trailing edge disposed at different angles with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger.

12. A locking syringe as defined in claim 11, wherein the triggering means comprises means for retracting the external threads at an angle with respect to the length of the barrel upon actuation of the triggering means such that there is no movement of the plunger with respect to the barrel as the triggering means is actuated.

13. A locking syringe as defined in claim 12, wherein the retracting means comprises at least one ramp and a corresponding channel which engages the ramp.

14. A locking syringe as defined in claim 13, wherein the channel is disposed at an acute angle with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger which is less than or equal to the acute angle of disposition with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger of the trailing edge of the external threads.

15. A locking syringe as defined in claim 14, wherein the channel and the trailing edge of the external threads ar disposed at the same acute angle with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger.

16. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position, comprising:

a barrel including a set of internal threads;

a tip disposed at a first end of the barrel;

a plunger disposed at least partially within the barrel, the plunger including a set of noncontinuous external threads which may threadably engage the set of internal threads;

a handle attached to the plunger; and

a triggering means attached to the handle for retracting the external threads from their position of engagement with the internal threads to a position of disengagement, thereby enabling the plunger to be freely moved with respect to the barrel.

17. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the triggering means comprises means for preventing movement of the plunger with respect to the barrel upon actuation of the triggering means.

18. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the triggering means comprises means for retracting the external threads from engagement with the internal threads in a direction towards the handle and at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

19. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the internal and external threads comprise a leading edge and a trailing edge disposed at different angle with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger.

23. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the barrel comprises an interior chamber and wherein the syringe further comprises means in open connection with the interior chamber of the barrel for measuring pressure in the interior chamber of the barrel.

24. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 23, wherein said measuring means comprises a pressure sensor attached to the first end of the barrel.

25. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 24, further comprising means for preventing the plunger from blocking the open connection between the pressure sensor and the interior chamber of the barrel.

26. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 25, wherein the means for preventing the plunger from blocking the open connection between the pressure sensor and the interior chamber of the barrel comprises a stop attached to the plunger.

27. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the plunger comprises means for retaining the plunger at least partially disposed within the barrel.

28. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 16, wherein the tip and barrel are transparent such that the existence of air bubbles within the tip and barrel may be observed by one using the syringe.

20. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in clam 18, wherein the triggering means comprises at least one ramp and a corresponding channel which engages the ramp.

21. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 20, wherein the channel and the trailing edge of the external threads are disposed at the same angle with respect to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger.

22. A syringe which may be selectively operated between a free position and a locked position as defined in claim 21, further comprising means for biasing the triggering means in a nonactuated position.